Karachai mtundu akavalo: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Karachai ndi mawu chidwi. Iwo amati kavalo - ndi mapiko wamwamuna. Inde, anthu awa mtundu nyama. Pa dziko wotchuka akavalo Karachai zimasokoneza. Mahatchi amene ndakalamba mapiri anatsindika chisomo ndi mphamvu.

mnzake wokhulupirika

Munthuyo kwambiri zogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe. Amphamvu ndi olimba-akadafuna khalidwe anamuika lalikulu pa zolengedwa zina. Wina 5-6 zikwi zapitazo, kuŵetedwa akavalo. Poyamba, iwo anali gwero la mkaka, nyama ndi chikopa. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi zojambula pa makoma phanga, amene anapanga m'nyengo Paleolithic. Kenako, nyama anayamba kuimba udindo wa thalakitala.

Panapita nthawi yaitali munthuyo chishalo kavalo. azambiriyakale ambiri amanena kuti woyamba anaphunzira kukwera Asikuti.

Tinayamba kawetedwe mtundu lina limene bwino zosoŵa za ndiye. Ena mwa iwo anali phiri akavalo Karachai zimasokoneza. A kavalo wa mtundu uwu anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XIV-XV pa dera la North Caucasus.

Ng'ombezi akhala zikugwira kuswana nyama. Full-loyenda mitsinje bwino, msipu ndi waumataya chikondi wapadera chinathandiza ndondomekoyi.

Imasonkhezera olemba ndi ofufuza

Woyamba kufotokoza mtundu uwu, panali wotchuka German wasayansi, forwarder, katswiri, malo, ndi wofufuza Peter Simon Sitimayo inagunda. Mu 1793, iye anali pa ulendo ntchito ku North Caucasus, ndiwo malo kumene Karachai mabanja. Phunzirolo lili mkati, iye anafotokoza ndi ziweto za anthu.

chidwi pa phunziro Sitimayo inagunda zoyenera akavalo. Choncho, wasayansi kutamandidwa mphamvu zawo chodabwitsa, ndi kuchita yaitali m'mapiri. munthu ananenanso kuti ali chibadidwe chikhalidwe cha bwino ndi zachilendo kudzipereka. Zonsezi zanenedwa za Karachai mtundu akavalo. Kavalo anachititsa chidwi zabwino pa kafukufuku wa.

Kenako kuphunzira mtundu kubwera ku mbiri Simon Bronevsky Caucasus anthu. Ntchito (zaka 20 za m'ma XIX), anaona kuti nyamayi yochepa, koma amphamvu kwambiri ndipo angathe mosavuta yaitali phiri msewu.

kunyada ng'ombezi

Iwo adza kwa akavalo awa ndi ofufuza ena ndi olemba. Traveler Jean Sharl De Bess mu essays wake moyamikira analankhula za mtundu uwu. Karachai wake chidwi mtundu akavalo. Iye ananena kuti mtundu uwu wa mwamtheradi njira wolephera achibale awo European ndi akatswiri akanakhoza kulipira kwa iwo aukhondo ndalama. Monga munthu amachotsa ena omwe amanena kuti subspecies izi undersized, ndipo zafotokozedwa kuti kukula ndi zofanana kwa magawo a akavalo ena.

Mahatchiwo ankagwiritsa ntchito mu zochitika asilikali, monga zoyendera. Akavalo anabweretsa katundu zofunika kudzera yaitali phiri msewu. akavalo ena, vuto limeneli sanali pansi mphamvu.

Makamu, amene anatengedwa mtundu umenewu, analandira pa mutu pa 60 ndi 150 rubles (pamene kubetcherana ndalama ya kobiri).

Mu kayendedwe ka nthawi

zinthu zasintha mu m'ma XIX. Waponya chiwerengero cha ng'ombe, kuphatikizapo Karachai akavalo ndi nkhawa. Komabe, 1890s ndi kotereku anali m'gulu la wokongola kwambiri, ndipo iye anali wotchuka kwambiri m'gulu la anthu okonda mahatchi.

Big nkhonya anali Civil nkhondo. chiwerengero zinasintha. Ngati nyengo chisanadze chosintha, chiwerengero anali oposa 30,000, koma mu 1925 chiwerengerochi 10000. Icho chinali tsoka kwa eni ake a mtundu Karachai yekha. Kavalo, anazolowera aulemu, ali m'manja inept. Kusamalira mu chikhalidwe chosiyana ndi makola payekha. Komabe, chabe akavalo anatha kupulumuka mu mavuto.

opindula waweruzidwa

Oimira izi mtundu wa akavalo nawo thupi zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu mtundu wa padziko Caucasus, amene anali amachitika yozizira zaka 1936 nawo akavalo 10 za mtundu umenewu. msewu kutalika anali 300 Km. Iye anathamanga kudutsa nyumba mipita zovuta komanso madambo. Mpikisano wa akavalo awa anasonyeza bwino, ndi kubwera kwa mzere mapeto woyamba, ndipo ambiri Chofunika, osati pang'ono wotopa.

Kwa zaka zambiri, eni amagwiritsidwa chinkhoswe mu linanena bungwe ndi kusintha kwa Karachai mtundu akavalo. Photos zimene zasungidwa kwa nthawi zimenezo, amasonyeza mmene maonekedwe zasintha. Kutalika pa zinafota chinawonjezeka ndi 10-15 cm mu zaka 30. Chifukwa kusintha anali kusankha atsala pang'ono ndi mahatchiwo m'banja ndi funde la magazi atsopano, makamaka English thoroughbred akavalo. Mogwirizana ndi kusintha chibadwa, lero pakati akavalo anakhalabe mapiri koyera.

Ndi pamene mtundu anali m'magulu atatu zazikulu zimene zilipo lero: kavalo, chachikulu ndi khalidwe. Yoyamba - ana a British. Iwo Tingaone pa chochitika. Kuchokera kwa abale awo, iwo ndi kukula apamwamba. Chachikulu mtundu ntchito ntchitoyo. Iwo akufotokozedwa ngati wamba ndi Bony. Recent zimasangalala onse pansi chishalo ndi oyang'anira.

vicissitudes zamtendere

Pakati pa Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo Karachai anagwera mu mphamvu sangasangalale naye. Repressions imene anali ntchito. Iwo anabwera pansi pa dzanja otentha ndi nyama. Mu 1943 iye anali mosatsata udindo wa akavalo. "Kabardian" Pafupifupi theka zaka iwo anali kutchedwa.

Koma anthu amene anatsalira ku dziko kwawo, anali linanena bungwe ziweto. Silinathe Karachai mtundu akavalo. History amamuonera amazipotokola latsopano. Pambuyo imfa Stalin, mabanja ambiri anabwerera kuchokera ku ukapolo. Anayambanso ufulu ndi miyambo yawo. Koma mu 1989 mtundu wa akavalo woyenera udindo.

Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR makamu kachiwiri kuyembekezera pa nthawi yovuta. Otsutsa utachepa chiwerengero cha ziweto, koma eni anatha kupulumutsa mtundu.

Kukongola ndi Grace

Today boma akuchita kwambiri pa chitukuko cha mtundu uwu wa malonda. Kuchitikira mpikisano zosiyanasiyana ndi mipikisano pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akavalo, onse achilendo ndi zoweta. Kutenga mbali iwo ndi Karachai mtundu akavalo - Karch. Chionetsero mu Moscow, zimathandiza ngakhale mafani wamba timudziwe bwino nyama wachisomo.

Ngakhale okayikira ambiri amanena kuti maganizo si chibadidwe kukongola, amene anatchuka chifukwa akavalo Arab ndi English, akatswiri simukugwirizana. mtundu umenewu ndi wogwirizana. Kavalo woonda, koma ali ndi malamulo amphamvu kwambiri. Pakati pa anthu iwo amakhala thupi wamfupi koma wojintcha ndipo thupi yaitali. Mbiri ya mutu ndi hump a. Lathyathyathya m'chiuno ndi waufupi kumbuyo analenga pansi chishalo. Iwo ali minofu bwino anakamba. Ndi chifuwa yotakata; forelegs mwachizolowezi, koma kumbuyo zowoneka wopindidwa. chithunzi zimathandiza bwino kusuntha konse mu mapiri. Ziboda ndi cholimba kwambiri.

Izi ndi zina makhalidwe a mtundu lakutali mwa ena. Ndinakumana - chinsinsi cha kutchuka, umene kukopa Karachai mtundu akavalo. Jig chionetsero pa KCR, kawirikawiri amakhala ndi cholinga kusonyeza mbali zonse zabwino za mtundu umenewu.

makhalidwe

Ambiri a iwo adzathe kuwuza a makamu. Khalidwe lalikulu - kuphweka. Iwo safuna zinthu zapadera. Ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri, anapatsidwa mmene chuma kusiyana mu dziko ndipo dziko lonse. Ubwino wina wa iwo - kupirira. Akavalo kwa zaka ankakhala okwera, ndi matupi awo ndinazolowera dziko lino. Kusunthira mmwamba kuti iwo pa zitunda ndi miyala mosavuta. Ngati stallion yosavuta imachititsa zosaposa 20 Km a msewu uwu, mtundu zimatengera ataliatali ndipo amatha kuthamanga masiku angapo.

Ubwino poyera Hatchi Show Karachai mtundu Dzheguta. Inu simukanakhoza ingoyang'anani pa mahatchi, komanso kugula mmodzi wa iwo. makasitomala kuti ndaphunzira ku makamu wabwino. Okwera anauzidwa kuti kavalo mwangwiro zochokera mu mlengalenga, ndipo n'kosavuta kumbukirani msewu kudutsa mavuto.

Mwambi wakale imeneyi imathandiza anthu kuti munthu mu malo oyamba pambuyo tulo muyenera kukaona makolo ake, ndipo pambuyo kavalo wake. Dziwani kuti Karachai mtundu akavalo amakonda tcheru. Pachifukwa chimenechi, amalipira kudzipereka.