Khazar Khanate

Khazar boma (650-969 gg.) Kodi yaikulu akale mphamvu. Inakhalapo ndi mgwirizano wa mafuko a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe. Khazar Khanate imatengedwa mphamvu Ayuda zowopsa mbiri. Iye ankalamulira dera la Middle ndi wotsika Volga, North Caucasus, ndi Azov Sea, panopa kumpoto-kumadzulo gawo la Kazakhstan, m'chigawo cha kumpoto cha Crimea, komanso nkhalango steppe a kum'mawa kwa Ulaya ndi Dnieper.

Khazar Khanate. nkhani

Pitani mgwirizano mafuko a Western Turkic wamphumphu. Poyamba, pachimake pa boma Khazar inali kumpoto pano Dagestan. Kenako anasamukira (pozunzidwa mwankhanza a Aluya) mu malire m'munsi wa Volga. ulamuliro wa Khazars anawonjezera nthawi imodzi kwa ena mafuko East Asilavo.

Tikumbukenso kuti magwero a anthu osati lodziwika kwathunthu. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chiyuda, ndi Khazars okha waona monga ana a Kozara, amene anali mwana Togarmeha. Malinga ndi Baibulo, yotsirizira anali mwana wa Japhet.

Malinga ndi ena azambiriyakale, Khazar Khanate ali mogwirizana ndi zotayika mafuko Israeli. Pa nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri ambiri amakonda kukhulupirira kuti mtundu ali mizu yonse Turkic.

Rise wa Khazar anthu kugwirizana ndi kukula kwa khanate Turkic, amene mafumu a choyamba (amati) anali mabanja. Mu 552, a Altai Turkey ufumu waukulu unakhazikitsidwa. Posakhalitsa unagawidwa pawiri.

Ndi theka lachiwiri la m'ma 6 Turkey anawonjezera mphamvu zawo kwa Caspian-Black Sea steppes. Pa Iran-Byzantine nkhondo (602-628 gg.) Anabwera umboni woyamba wa kukhalako kwa Khazars. Ndiye iwo anali mbali yaikulu ya nkhondo.

Mu 626, ndi Khazars atalanda dera la Azerbaijan ano. Wakubayu Caucasus Alans ndi kugwirizana ndi Byzantines, iwo anadzasokoneza Tbilisi.

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 7 mbali yaikulu ya Crimea, kumpoto Caucasus ndi Nyanja Azov anali olamulidwa ndi Khazars. Palibe deta lenileni mphamvu zawo momwe anakafika kum'mawa kwa Volga. Komabe, mosakayika kuti Khazar Khanate, kufalitsa kukopa kwake kusiya otaya wongosamukasamuka amene anatsatira ku Ulaya ku Asia. Zimenezi, analenga zinthu yabwino kwa kukula kwa anthu Asilavo kuthetsedwa ndi maiko Western European.

Khazar Khanate ankalamulira dera ndi kunyumba kwa ochuluka a Ayuda. Pafupifupi mu 740 Bulan (mmodzi mwa akalonga) Chiyuda. Kwenikweni, zimenezi kunathandiza kulimbitsa izo pabanja lake. Mu Khazars yachikunja imeneyi kulamulira mafumu anayamba kutaya zinachitikadi.

A mbadwa ya Prince Bulan - Obadiya - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma chinayi, anali lili pa nambala mu malo lachiwiri la ufumuwo, akupanga mphamvu yeniyeni mu manja awo. Kuyambira nthawi kuti dongosolo la ulamuliro wapawiri. Lokha mu dziko anali akuluakulu oimira banja lachifumu, koma kwenikweni kulamulira m'malo awo thupi beki mtundu bulanids.

Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo latsopano utsogoleri Khazar Khanate chinayamba mayiko polumikizira malonda kuloza ku nkhondoyo.

M'zaka za m'ma 9 mu yoweyula watsopano Wamkulu Ataliatali, ndi Volga anayamba pochitika mafuko watsopano wosamukasamuka.

Latsopano mdani wa Khazars anali Old Russian boma. Norman squads, anafika kum'mawa kwa Ulaya, anayamba kupambana mphamvu ya Asilavo. Choncho, mu ulamuliro Khazar anamasulidwa radzimichy mu 885, 884 ndi northerners mu kudula m'chaka 864.

Pakati pa mapeto a ndime ya 9 mpaka zoyambirira za m'ma 10 Khazaria wofooka, koma anakhalabe otchuka kwambiri ufumu. Pamlingo waukulu umenewu wakhala zotheka chifukwa cha zokambirana skilful ndi asilikali ophunzitsidwa bwino.

Imfa ya Khazar Khanate zikuluzikulu udindo wa Old boma Russian. Sviatoslav mu 964 linatulutsidwa Vyatichi (yotsirizira yozungulira fuko). Chaka chotsatira asilikali a Kalonga wa Khazars. Patapita zaka zochepa (968-969) anagonjetsa Prince Samandar ndi Itil (likulu la Khazar ufumu panyengo zosiyanasiyana). mphindi ino imatengedwa mapeto boma la palokha Khazar.