Khrushchev, mu ulamuliro: nthawi ya tsamba

Mwina mtsogoleri aliyense wa boma Soviet, anakhalabe udindo nthawi iliyonse yaikulu, kumbukirani ntchito pagulu epochal. Anaimba mlandu kapena kutamandidwa, koma maina awo amakhala bwino kuti aliyense schoolchild. Osati maina, koma nyengo lonse, amene nawo - n'zosiyana kwambiri. Association Stalin - chikhalidwe cha kupondereza ndi kuopa mphamvu okwana Gorbachev - kotero lero walumbirira kusintha, zovuta ndi dzina anaphatikizidwa mu zinenero zina za dziko, - «perestroika». Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Hruscheva N. S. kumanzere m'chikumbumtima anthu pamwamba pa ndondomeko zonse de A-Stalinization, m'firiji pamtunda ndi odzitukumula ankapitabe idatha kulephera. Mbadwo Wotsirizira - chitukuko cha m'mayiko namwali ndi "chimanga epic". Komabe, Khrushchev, amene ulamuliro unakhala kuchokera 1953 mpaka 1964, anachita monga mutu wa boma chopereka ndithu kuti chitukuko luso ndi sayansi. Tiyeni kukumbukira zochitika zazikulu za lothandiza pa.

Khrushchev: ulamuliro ndi m'firiji pamtunda

Zimenezi kugwirizana poyamba ndi XX Congress Party wa Communist, limene maziko a nyengo yatsopano kwa dziko. N'kumene mu February 1954 mlembi latsopano lipoti debunking wa Stalin mwambo mwa umunthu, komanso abstracts za m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti tikwaniritse sosholisimu. miyeso zovuta ndi zina mwankhanza kwa lothandiza zapitazi, akuwuka kuchokera dzulo wosanyengerera mfundo za maganizo chikominisi polimbana Contra, adatsutsidwa. Ngati fanizoli, izo akufuna lingaliro la coexistence mtendere wa mayiko ndi machitidwe osiyana chuma, komanso anayamba kuchepetsa kulamulira maganizo pa anthu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, Khrushchev, amene ulamuliro sankawabisira De-Stalinization, chinali chiyambi cha mapeto a Soviet Union monga boma lopondereza. M'mawu ena, tsopano ulamuliro wa misa mfundo okha anakana, kubweretsa zaka khumi kuti olemba zaka zao za sikisite, pambuyo makumi awiri - kuti akaweruze maulamuliro "uliwonse khitchini" ndipo mmasate kenako movutikira ndipo dongosolo lonse. Komabe, konzanso chachikulu akaidi kale wosalakwa, repatriation a Crimea Chitata, kumasulidwa ku ukapolo wa dera chikhalidwe - kumene, zotsatira zabwino za m'firiji pamtunda wa. Mu 1950-1960-ntchentche pali nyamuka yofunika kwambiri mafilimu a kanema Soviet ndi mabuku.

Khrushchev: Mu ulamuliro wa zinthu padziko lonse

Apa, nyengo zotsutsana kwambiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, pali détente mayiko: easing wonse mfundo yachilendo kwa Union, paulendo woyamba ku dziko atsogoleri kumadzulo (monga Charles de Gaulle), payokha kuzindikira zenizeni za coexistence wa Chiyuda, kusintha kwa kugona ndi Yugoslavia pansi Tito. Last kwa nthawi yaitali ankaoneka kuti boma Stalin monga "lopondereza lapamtima" (chifukwa cha mzere awo Tito mu chitukuko cha dziko lawo, mosiyana ndi maboma angapo zidole kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya). Komano, ndi mu iyi nyengo kudzachitika: chachikulu timakhala-wa mphamvu nyukiliya pakati East ndi West, woyamba owononga wa wokhala nkhondo ya zida (Cuba chida Crisis), ikuimira wa Iron Katani wapeza chimake cake mu mawonekedwe a Wall Berlin. Kwambiri chatsika kugona ndi China, omwe boma walunjika ndi Mao Zedong, m'mbali salandira Kutsutsa Stalin nyengo, kupeza latsopano Inde Soviet Union mpatuko pa malingaliro a chikominisi. USSR nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Khrushchev ndi akwaniritsa bwino ndithu mu sayansi ndi luso dera. Choyamba, iwo, kumene, kuonekera mu danga mtundu umene asayansi wathu, popanda kukokomeza, anapambana pa nthawi, kutumiza ilili choyamba mu mlengalenga, munthu woyamba, kumbuyo mwezi, koma oyamba kufika Venus.