Kodi ikuphukira: akamanena za ndondomekoyi, kutanthauza ndi zitsanzo

Mu chikhalidwe, pali njira zingapo kubalana wa zamoyo, zomwe zingathandize kupitiriza kwa mibadwo ndi kukhalapo kwa moyo pa dziko. Aliyense wa iwo amayamba ndi mbali structural, malo okhala ndi gulu. M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane zimene budding ndi zamoyo zimene njira kafalitsidwe khalidwe.

Zamoyo Njira kuswana

Pali njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu za kubalana. Kugonana anachita ndi maselo apadera - gametes. Pankhaniyi zikugwirizana awiri chromosomal zinthu zamoyo kapena majini recombination amapezeka. Chifukwa, watsopano chamoyo amapeza zatsopano. Mu gametes asexual kubalana samenya nawo. Ndi khalidwe la oimira onse maufumu a chikhalidwe, popanda mavairasi amene kuchulukana mu njira yapadera - wodzinyenga msonkhano.

Asexual kubalana: ikuphukira, osati

Mtundu uwu wa kubalana angakhalenso ofanana mu njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, ena zomera ndi bowa selo mawonekedwe asexual kubereka, amene ayitanidwa spores. Pakuti algae, mabungwe oterowo ndi mafoni, chifukwa chakuti michirayo imakhala yosiyanasiyana. Iwo akutchedwa zoospores. Zomera apamwamba, asexual kubalana kumachitika mwa kulekana kwa mbali ya multicellular - vegetatively. Ndipo ndicho chimene budding ndi mmene ikuchitika, kuganizira ayenera kuperekedwa kwa ufumu uliwonse wa chilengedwe yekha.

Ikuphukira la zomera

Ikuphukira mu zamoyo chomera si monga wamba. anthu atsopano kawirikawiri uka vegetatively kapena kugonana - mu cones kapena maluwa. ndi zomera ikuphukira Kodi, tingaganizire chitsanzo cha m'nyumba mankhwala chomera Kalanchoe. M'mphepete mwa tsamba ake kupanga apezeka yaing'ono kuti pamapeto pake tikhale ndi makhalidwe onse a mbewu okhwima. Ngakhale kukula diminutive, iwo ndi yotheka kwambiri monga kale zigwirizana mizu ndi mphukira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zomera achinyamata amatha photosynthesize ndi zofuna zawo, ndi akuyamwitsa madzi kwa gawo lapansi ndi. Popeza anafika kukula ena, monga impso mu nthaka, zomwe zimamera ndi kukula zomera wamkulu.

nyama ikuphukira

Kubereka ndi budding amapezeka mu nyama. Ndicho - ndi coelenterates, nthumwi zomwe ndi madzi oyera hydra. Iwo Ufumuyo moyo. Nthawi pa thupi lake protrusion anapanga - ndi hillock yaing'ono. Chimakula ndi kupeza makhalidwe onse a chamoyo wamkulu. Pambuyo kuti pali kuwonongedwa kwa impso, ndipo akhala kudziletsa amatithandiza. Chinachake mosiyana, ndondomeko izi zimachitika mu nthumwi zina coelenterates - miyala yamtengo wapatali. impso awo komanso kukula, ofanana kwa akulu, koma palibe ndondomeko pogawanikana pamawere. Chifukwa ndi thupi la mawonekedwe zachilendo. kudzikundikira awo mu nyanja zimapanga lonse moti matanthwe.

Coelenterates - si nyama zokha kwanilitse kuti zibalane ndi budding. Mwachitsanzo, mphutsi za tapeworms otchedwa Finns, woyamba kupanga protrusion, amene n'kukhala mutu wa tiziromboti lapansi. Ndi kuti, mbozi ndi yomatidwa ndi ritsa khamu intestine. Chotsatira ndi kupanga ukonde budding ndi zigawo zambiri helminth lapansi.

ikuphukira bowa

Kodi ikuphukira, inu kuganizira ndi bowa chitsanzo. Aliyense wa ife wakhala akuona kuti ngati yisiti ndi shuga ndi kusiya malo otentha, chiwerengero chawo pambuyo ena ukuwonjezeka nthawi kwambiri. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha kubereka wa bowa, budding amene ntchito pophikira ndi kuphika. Pa ndondomekoyi, selo yisiti aumbike pa protrusion yaing'ono kuti pang'onopang'ono kuonjezera kukula. Ndiye pali kugawa pakati pa mayi ndi selo mwana amene amathandiza kuti yopapatiza njira therebetween. Pambuyo pake, selo wamng'ono akhoza kukhala paokha. The ndondomeko ya budding yisiti maola awiri.

ikuphukira mabakiteriya

Pachikhalidwe amaganiza kuti mabakiteriya khalidwe la munthu yekha wosazindikira njira kubalana - magawano pakati. Komabe, pali mitundu ina ya zamoyo zimene angathe budding. Izi mabakiteriya wofiirira, akusuntha ndi thandizo michirayo imakhala yosiyanasiyana angapo. Koma izi ndi zosiyana ndi ulamuliro onse. Impso komanso ankatsatidwa mabakiteriya, omwe motero dichotomous nthambi, kupanga anthu atsopano.

Mtengo wa njira asexual kubalana mu chirengedwe, ndi mokwanira lalikulu. Pa maselo ikuphukira kugawanitsa ndi mitosis. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chifukwa cha mapangidwe anthu osiyana zofanana, ndipo mudziwe majini wachokera ku mibadwomibadwo zikutsatiridwa, kuonetsetsa kupitiriza kwa mibadwo ya oimira pafupifupi magulu onse a zinthu zamoyo.