Kodi Rhubarb ndi chiyani? Zosiyanasiyana, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Ngakhale kuti munda wamaluwa wathanzi (banja la Buckwheat) lakhala likulimidwa m'madera a dziko lathu kuyambira kale, owerenga ambiri samadziwa zomwe rhubarb ili.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba chomeracho chinabweretsa ku Russia katswiri wamkulu wa sayansi wa ku Russia, woyendetsa galimoto, NM Przhevalsky wochokera ku Southeast Asia. Kenaka, chomeracho chinapezeka ku Far East, Siberia, ndi Caucasus.

Kodi Rhubarb ndi chiyani?

Zolondola zophikira chomera cha mbewuyi ndi zovuta kupereka. Mavitamini a petioles a masamba ake, mwinamwake, ayenera kuti amatchedwa masamba obiriwira, ngakhale kuti amafanana kwambiri ndi maapulo. Inde, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuphika ali ngati zipatso: kukonzekera ma pies, compotes, kupanikizana.

Mtengo wa chomera ichi umadzinso chifukwa chakuti umatuluka kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene zipatso ndi mabulosi amamera m'minda yathu. Zimalimbitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi zosakanikirana kukoma kwa petioles, zimadziwika ndi precocity ndi zokolola.

Koma tiyeni tibwerere ku funso lofunika kwambiri la nkhani yathu: kodi rhubarb ndi chiyani chomwe amaluwa amakula zaka zambiri? Ndi chomera chosatha chosatha (banja la Buckwheat) lomwe lili ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri. Zimaphatikizapo mphindi zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu yambiri.

Tsinde ndi lalitali ndi lamphamvu, lofikira mamita atatu mamita, lokhala ndi zida zofiira. Mbalame yamtunduwu, yomwe ili pamidzi, ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ndi mbale zambiri. Masamba pa tsinde ndi ang'onoang'ono. The rhubarb imayamba pachimake kumayambiriro kwa June ndi pinki kapena maluwa oyera. Zipatso (mtedza wakuda) zimakula mkati mwa milungu iwiri.

Mbali yake yowonongeka imamwalira m'nyengo yozizira, koma rhizome ikhoza kukhala pa malo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri. Mlengalenga, nthangala imakula ku China ku Tibet, ku Far East, m'mapiri a Central ndi South Asia, ku Caucasus.

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Kulimbitsa thupi zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndipo ku Ulaya kunafika ku Middle Ages ku China. Magalimoto ananyamula mizu yowuma, yomwe imatcha "mizu yachikasu". Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ochiritsira odwala matenda ambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtundu wachilengedwe.

Masiku ano rhubarb imakula kuti ikhale ndi chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi, makamaka chodziwika m'mayiko a ku Ulaya chifukwa cha ma rhizomes ochizira, ndipo amagwiritsanso ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera m'mapanga.

Kukolola kothamanga

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi kubzala bwino, rhubarb imakula tsamba la masamba kufikira kugwa, koma izi ndi nyengo ya nyengo. Mitengo yamitundu yoyambirira imadyedwa kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa regrowth mpaka pakati pa June, mitundu yochedwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mpaka pakati pa July. Kenaka amakhala ochepa, ovuta, osasamala, kupatula iwo amapeza zidulo zakuthupi.

Amuna a rhubarb akhoza kukonza mapesi mwa mawonekedwe a marmalade, compote, marinade, kupanikizana.

Zothandiza

Rhubarb ndi wolemera mu mchere ndi pectin zinthu, mavitamini. Ndi zakudya zomwe mulibe mafuta. Rhubarb imakhala yosavuta diuretic kwenikweni, imapangitsa kuti secretory ntchito ya m'mimba, imapangitse kuti magazi akhazikike. Rhubarb ndiwothandiza pa kusintha khungu la khungu.

Mitundu ya Rhubarb

Masiku ano m'minda ndi m'minda, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, komanso zinyama. Otsatirawa ndi okongoletsera, osasamala.

• Rhubarb officinalis. Zimasiyana ndi kukula kwakukulu: masamba a chomera amatha kutalika kwa mamita 1.5 m'litali, ndipo peduncles imaposa kukula kwaumunthu.
• Rhubarb ndi wolemekezeka. Chomeracho chimapanga "chimbudzi" chokwanira chokhala ndi mbale zazikulu zowonjezera.

• Zolemba za Rhubarb. Dzina lake lachiwiri ndi Tangug. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri ndi masamba owala kwambiri ndi maluwa okongola, okongoletsedwa ndi peduncles.
• Rhubarb Mbewu. Mitundu imeneyi imalangizidwa ngati munda wamaluwa. Zomera za mitundu iyi zimakhala ndi madzi obiriwira komanso obiriwira, okoma kwambiri, ndipo sawombera kwa nthawi yaitali.

Rhubarb: mitundu (yotchuka kwambiri)

Masiku ano pali mitundu yoposa zana ya zomera, koma sizinali zonse zomwe zimafalikira ku Russia.

• Zosiyanasiyana Victoria - chimodzi mwa zoyambirira ndi zovomerezeka. Ili ndi kukoma kokoma. Kutalika kwa petioles sikudutsa masentimita 60. Malingana ndi wamaluwa, mitengo ya Victoria imakhala yovuta - yochuluka kwambiri maluwa.
• Moscow-42 ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yoyambirira yomwe ili ndi zipatso zambiri komanso zabwino kwambiri. Kutalika kwa petioles ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri, ndipo makulidwe awo ndi oposa masentimita atatu. Ma petioles ndi ofewa, wobiriwira, ndipo ali ndi gulu lofiira m'munsi.

• Ogre-13 ndi mitundu yambiri yokolola. Zimapanga bwino ndipo zimapanga petioles mumthunzi. Mnofu wa petioles wandiweyani ndi wautali ndi wokoma komanso wambiri. Mphukira ziwiri zowonjezera zimapangidwa pa zomera.
• Large - petalled - mitundu yosiyana kwambiri, yomwe imapanga makina amphamvu kwambiri a masamba, ndi mapeyala a mdima wofiira. Kutalika kwake sikutalika masentimita 60 ndi kupitirira 2.5 masentimita. Iwo ali okoma ndi okoma thupi.

• Gigantic - mtundu uwu umatanthawuzira kumapeto, komwe kumakondweretsa nthawi yokolola, pamene mitundu yoyambirira yayamba kuphulika ndi kuuma. Ma petioles ndi aakulu, kufika mita imodzi yaitali, ndi makulidwe a masentimita anayi, wofiira.

Kubzala rhubarb

Malo oti mutenge chomera amatha kusankhidwa pafupifupi - amamva bwino ndi penumbra, pa nyumba zaulimi, pakati pa mitengo. Rhubarb chisanu ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa, chifukwa chiri ndi mizu yamphamvu. Koma ndizotheka ngati dothi pansi pa chitsamba salowerera, dongo pang'ono, kotero kuti chinyezi chimene rhubarb chikusowa chikupitirirabe. Kubzala kumachitika pambuyo polemba bwino malowa, organic ndi feteleza feteleza, phulusa.

Mbewu yolima rhubarb ndi yofunika m'nyengo yozizira nthawi yomweyo kupita ku malo okhazikika. Zidzatha kumapeto kwa kasupe, posakhalitsa khola limodzi ndi kutentha. Majeremusi sachita mantha ndi nyengo yaifupi -7 ° C.

Kumalo amodzi, rhubarb ikhoza kukula kwa zaka zambiri. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi zimakhala zowonongeka, masamba amakhala ochepa kwambiri, petioles amataya juiciness ndi kukoma kwake. Choncho, mitundu ya masamba ndi yabwino kuti idzalidwe zaka khumi zilizonse. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yaitali, choncho mutabzala chitsamba muyenera kupatsidwa zakudya zambiri kwa zaka zambiri.

Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani mutabzala rhubarb?

Kubzala kumaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa maenje akuluakulu, mofanana ndi pansi pa mbande za chipatso: kuya kwake sikutsika ndi masentimita 50. Iwo ali ndi nthaka yachonde ndi humus. Mu dzenje lililonse ndikofunikira kuwonjezera superphosphate ndi phulusa lochepa.

Chisamaliro

Pambuyo kukolola chitsamba kudyetsedwa, kutsanulira pansi pa chidebe cha humus ndi mchere feteleza. Mu kasupe, nthaka pansi pa chitsamba imamasulidwa, kuthirira ngati kuli kofunikira. M'chaka, zokongoletsera zokha zokha zimadyetsedwa, monga masamba awo ndi cuttings samalowa.

Rhubarb ndi wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo mosavuta kulekerera zochepa zolakwika mu ulimi zamakono. Kusamalira chomera ichi ndi chosavuta kumva, kuthana nacho chikhoza ndi woyamba munda. Zimakhudza ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Kumasula nthaka m'chaka, pambuyo pa kutentha kwake;
• Kutentha kukumba nthaka, mpaka masentimita 30 kuya;
• Kukolola ndi kuphwanya, osati kudulira zimayambira;
• Kudulira kwa pamwamba pamwamba pa chomera kumayambiriro kwa masiku otentha.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kusamalira mbewu kumaphatikizanso ndikupanga feteleza kuwerengera:

• M'nyengo yophukira, osachepera asanu ndi atatu kilogalamu ya feteleza organic pa mamita mita (peat manyowa kapena manyowa);
• M'chaka, 30 magalamu a ammonium nitrate akuwonjezeka, amene ayenera supplemented ndi potaziyamu mchere ndi superphosphate;
• Kamodzi pa nyengo muyenera kupanga zotsatirazi pansi pa chitsamba: kwa malita khumi a madzi, muyenera kuwonjezera supuni ya supuni (ndi mchere) wa urea, supuni ya nitrosfos ndi magalamu 500 a mullein.

Kubalanso

Kotero, ife tinapeza chomwe chimakhala ndi momwe mungachilire icho pa malo amtunda. Amatsalira kuti adziwe momwe zingaperekedwere ngati mukufuna petioles yochuluka komanso yowonjezera.

Ng'ombezi zimafalitsa ndi mbewu ndi zomera. Njira yachiwiri imaphatikizapo kupatulidwa kwa chitsamba chachikulu (osapitirira zaka zisanu). Njira iyi siyikulimbikitsidwa panthawi ya maluwa.

Chitsamba chagawanika kasupe kapena oyambirira autumn (pamaso chisanu). Fufuzani chitsamba chigawidwa m'magulu angapo. Kubzala, mizu yathanzi ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu apical masamba, omwe aikidwa m'manda osachepera masentimita awiri, adzachita.

Ngati mukufuna kukonzanso mbeu za rhubarb, ndiye kuti ziyenera kulowetsedwa m'madzi kwa maola khumi. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa mbewu kuchokera kumtunda wanu, chotsani maluwa omwe amakula kwambiri kuchokera ku chomera chazaka zitatu. Pambuyo pa inflorescence ikakhala bulauni, nyemba zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi zouma.