Mphesa Zilga: kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, kubzala, kusamalira, zida ndi ndemanga

Mmodzi mwa mphesa zambiri, chidwi cha olima vinyo kumpoto amakopeka ndi mitundu yosazira yomwe ingathe kukulirakulira mwa njira yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi Zilga mphesa.

Ozilenga

Mphesa Zilga inalengedwa mu 1964 ndi wofalitsa wachi Latvia P. Sukatnieks. Mphesa Zambiri za Smuglyanka zophika mungu ndi mitundu yosakanikirana ya mtundu wa Russian wosankhika wa Chaka Chokondweretsa Novgorod ndi Dvigetes ya Latvia.

Amafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Lithuania ndi Latvia. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Belarus, madera ena ndi nyengo yovuta, kumene mitundu yambiri siingakhoze kukula ngakhale potetezedwa. Amamera bwino Zilga mphesa.

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Mphesa za Zilga zosiyanasiyana ndi wosakanizidwa wa Euro-America. Mavuto kwambiri kwambiri, kwa masiku 120-125. Chitsamba chophatikizidwa ndi cha msinkhu wautali, muzu-chitsamba chiri pamwamba pa pafupifupi.

Masamba athunthu kapena osokonezeka pang'ono, ali ndi ma lobes atatu. Ziri zazikulu, zowirira, zophimbidwa ndi chobvala chaching'ono kuchokera pansi. Mpesa umakula bwino. Izi ndi zakupindulitsa Zilga. Kulongosola kwa zipatso zake kumaperekedwa m'munsimu.

Zipatso

Maluwa a Zilga mphesa ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Pambuyo poika mungu pamalo awo, zipatso zosakanikirana zimapangidwa, mpaka 3 g. Dzina la zosiyanasiyana limasonyeza mtundu wa zipatso. "Zilga" potembenuzidwa ku Chirasha amatanthauza "bluish". Mitengoyi imakhala ndi bluish, violet, yokutidwa ndi imvi.

Makhalidwe odyetsera a Zilga mphesa amawerengedwa ndi makina a 3.2. Pali zolemba zochititsa chidwi za Isabella wotchuka. Mnofu wa zipatso zotsekemera ndi odzola-mofanana, mucous. Madzi ndi ofiira, onunkhira. Peel wandiweyani ali ndi mphesa zosiyanasiyana Zilga. Ndemanga za ogwiritsira ntchito zimanena kuti zimachotsedwa ku zipatsozo monga mawonekedwe a thumba. Mabulosi aliwonse ali ndi mbewu ziwiri m'malo mwake.

Pa mphukira iliyonse, 2 kapena 3 magulu osakanikirana amapangidwa. Pafupifupi, iwo amawerengera 1.3. Mmene gululi likhoza kukhalira likhoza kukhala logwirizana, lokhazikika, losasinthasintha - lovala kapena mapiko. Chiwerengero cha zipatso mu gulu limodzi ndi 50. Kulemera - mpaka 120 g, pafupifupi - 88 g.

Kuchokera ku chitsamba china pafupifupi pafupifupi 12 makilogalamu a zipatso.

Zilonda zimapsa kumapeto kwa August. Olima amalingaliro akunena kuti ngati zipatso sizikusonkhanitsidwa, ndiye kuti zidzatayika kwa nthawi yayitali, zikuwuluka padzuwa. Ngati sawonongeka ndi mavu, zipatso zimakhala zokoma ndipo zingakhale zoumba.

Frost kukana

Zomera zozizira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zapamwamba kwambiri. Miphika imatha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 32 pansi pazero. Choncho, sangathe kukhala m'madera omwe chimfine chimakhala chosavuta.

Matenda

Mitunduyi imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Koma mvula yamvula, nthawi yomwe bowa imayamba kukula, ikhoza kugwidwa ndi mildew, oidium ndi imvi yovunda. Athandizeni ndi mankhwala omwe akuthandizira kuthetsa matendawa.

Gwiritsani ntchito

Mphesa Zilga imapangidwa makamaka kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yowawa. Cholinga chake ndi kulima kosalamuliridwa kumpoto.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri:

• Gwiritsani ntchito mwatsopano;
• Compotes ndi yophika;
• Kuwaza juzi;
• Pangani vinyo.

Kulima

Mukhoza kulima mphesa Zilga m'njira zingapo:

• N'zosavuta kukula mphesa ku cuttings;
• Kuphika ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera chitsamba cha mphesa. Mwatsoka, izi sizingakhalepo nthawi zonse;
• Kuchokera pa anapeza mbande. Inde, izi zisanachitike munthu ayenera kukula mmera mwa imodzi mwa njirazi.

Kubzala chitsamba cha mphesa ndikofunikira kumalo komwe chiwerengero cha kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kudzakhala kotheka. Mphesa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kutenthetsa ndi kuunika. Mumthunzi ukhoza kukula, koma zokolola n'zovuta kuyembekezera. Komanso, apo nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda.

Kubzala mphesa Zilga

Ngati mubzala mchenga wochokera mu chidebe, muyenera kuganizira kuti mizu ya chidendene ili pamtunda wa masentimita 15 pansi pa nthaka. Ayenera kuikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 40.

Ngati izi sizingatheke chifukwa cha mpesa wochepa kwambiri, musalole kuti mubzala bwino mpaka mpesa ufike kutali. Ndipo ndi bwino kugula mmera kupitirira 40 cm.

Gombe lodzala mphesa likukumba pafupifupi masentimita 60. Konzani nthaka powonjezera zakudya ndi kufufuza zinthu. Zilga zamitundu yamphesa ndi ya Euro-American hybrids, yomwe imakula bwino mu nthaka yopanda ndale ndi pH ya 7. Koma kukhalapo kwa kukoma kwa mthunzi wa isabel kumasonyeza kugwirizana ndi mitundu ya America ya Labruska. Ndipo mitundu yotere imakula bwino pa dothi laling'ono lamadzi ndi pH ya 5.5-6.5. Choncho, malire a nthaka adzakhala osayenera. Deoxidizer ayenera kuwonjezeredwa mtsogolomu, pakukula.

Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi 1.25 mpaka 2 m mzere. Zomera za Zilga zosiyanasiyana ndizitali kwambiri, kotero muyenera kuyang'ana kumene korona yawo idzaikidwa.

Kumpoto, Zilga mphesa zabwino zimabzalidwa kumbali ya kumwera kwa khoma lamwala. Zimateteza chitsamba ku mphepo, ndipo kuwala kwa dzuŵa, komwe kumawonekera kuchokera ku khoma, kumathandiza kutentha kutentha kwa nthaka pafupi ndi chitsamba.

Bzalani chitsamba kuti mtsogolo maziko ake asayime m'madzi. Mphesa sakonda kuti imve.

Chisamaliro

Mphesa amafunika kubereka, koma osati feteleza, omwe muli mchere wambiri. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa a mtundu wa ndowe.

Malo omwe mphesa zikukula ayenera kumasulidwa kwathunthu ndi namsongole ndi udzu. Izi zimathandiza dziko kutentha bwino, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kukula, fruiting ndi kucha mphesa.

Namsongole amatha kupondereza mphesa, chifukwa zimakula ndi zovuta kwambiri kupirira nyengo yozizira. Zomera zina zakutchire zimabweretsa zinthu zowononga mphesa.

Chikoka chomwecho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbewu zina zaulimi: eggplant, mbatata, tomato, tsabola.

Chitsamba chilichonse chingathe kukhazikitsa zinthu zabwino kuti zikule. Kuti muchite izi, pali njira zambiri: kuyika njerwa pansi pa dzenje musanadzalemo, kutsanulira phiri lamtunda kumpoto, pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo amdima a pulasitiki, filimu yakuda.

Kuthirira mphesa ndi mbali yofunikira yosamalira chitsamba. Musalole kuti dothi liume.

Kukonza

Chitsamba cha mphesa chimayamba kupanga chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Zisanachitike, amaloledwa kukula momasuka. M'chaka chachitatu, sankhani miyeso yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imaloledwa pamanja. Masamba otsala achotsedwa. Chiwerengero cha manja chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu ya chitsamba ndi kukula kwake.

Monga mitundu yonse yoyambirira, mphesa za Zilga zimakhala zovuta kupanga mapulaneti ambirimbiri. Ngati sali kuchotsedwa, ndiye kumpoto mpesa sudzapeza nthawi yoti izitsuka ndi kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira. Kum'mwera sikudzaonongeka ndi chisanu, koma chitsamba chidzasanduka matalala a nthambi. Ngakhalenso zipatsozo zikamangiriridwa ndi kucha, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzisonkhanitsa.

Zili choncho kuti chaka chilichonse nthambi zambiri zimachotsedwa, kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Nthawi zina zimakhala ngati chitsamba chidzabwezeretsedwa kwa zaka zingapo. Koma izi zimapita kuthengo ndipo zimapereka zabwino zokha.

Zindikirani mphesa Zilga posachedwa. Pa kampu kamodzi khalani ma impso 5-7. Kudulira bwino kumachitika m'dzinja, pasanafike tchire m'nyengo yozizira. Mwinamwake masika ena a litters adzakhala osayenera. Ndiye amatha kuchotsedwa mosalekeza. Koma musathamangitse kuchotsa nthambi zachitsamba, zomwe zowonongeka ndi chisanu. Pali zotheka kwambiri kuti impso zichoke patapita kanthawi.

Ngati pa chifukwa china chitsamba cha mphesa sichinadulidwe mu kugwa, chitani kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mphesa pambuyo pa kudula "ndithudi" adzalira ", komabe zotsatira zake zidzakhala zabwino kuposa chitsamba chosadulidwa.

Kukonza kumachita ntchito imodzi yokha. Chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi, mphamvu ya chitsamba chachikulu ikhoza kusungidwa mu chimbudzi chomwe mukufunikira.