Kukula mbande nkhaka

Mbande zosiyanasiyana zamasamba, kuphatikizapo nkhaka, nakulitsa kukolola oyambirira, kapena kumadera kumene nyengo salola mbewu zina okhwima kwathunthu kutchire.

Nkhaka ndi thermophilic ndi chinyezi-wachikondi chomera Yankho bwino fetereza ndi chimafuna kuwala bwino, choncho kulima mbewu za nkhaka zikutanthauza zoletsedwa ndi malamulo ndi malangizo.

mbande nkhaka kulima akuyamba ndi kupeza mbewu apamwamba. mbewu zabwino ayenera mkulu kumera mphamvu, mnyontho peresenti 4-8 ndi nyonga wabwino.

Posankha mbewu ayenera kuganizira mfundo zotsatirazi kuti mitundu hybrid ndi kalata F mu mutu, osati kubzala, kuyambira katundu wawo ali osapulumutsidwa. Ndipo kuti hybrids anasonyeza ubwino wake wonse, muyenera mosamalitsa kusunga njira yapadera ulimi kulima ndi kukhalabe zinthu zapadera.

Mu chomera ntchito mkulu amasankha pansipa, koma wodzichepetsa ndipo akhoza kusamutsa katundu wawo. Ndipo nkhumba Tiyenera anamasulidwa mitundu, monga iwo ndinazolowera zinthu zinalili kumeneko ndipo chotero chokha chimene iwo angakhoze kupeza zokolola zambiri.

Chotsatira zofunika, amene amasankha zokolola m'tsogolo, ndi mndandanda wa ntchito pa ntchito yokonza mbewu kwa kufesa. Izi kusankha, disinfection, tempering, biostimulation ndi mbewu kumera. zinthu zonsezi umalimbana kulima mbewu apamwamba nkhaka. The ikamatera mbande nkhaka malo okhazikika anapanga zaka zapakati pa masiku makumi awiri. Motero, masamu nthawi kubzala mbewu.

Kumbali ya chodzala mbande ogaŵikana oyambirira anafuna greenhouses usavutike ndi unheated pakati gulu - kum'mwera ndi pakati komanso mochedwa. mbande oyambirira wamkulu kuyambira khumi chachiwiri cha January. mbande ameneŵa amafuna kuvomerezedwa zapadera kuunikira.

Popeza m'ma February, ndipo mpaka March 10, ambiri mbande nkhumba. Ndi mitundu mochedwa tomato, biringanya ndi tsabola, kabichi ndi turnips. Nkhaka mu mawu awa samasankha kubzala. Mulingo woyenera nthawi ya kubzala nkhaka mbande anafuna pansi lotseguka, ndi khumi zoyambirira za April. mbande mochedwa kupatula nkhaka wamkulu bahchovye, dzungu ndi masamba kukongoletsa.

Komanso, nthawi kubzala mbewu nkhaka ndi zofunika kuti akugwirizana ndi mu kalendala. Choyamba, muyenera kukonzekera chodzala muli wapadera kuyeza 10 ndi 10 masentimita, ndi tizibowo pansi. Pa makama, amene ndiye adzakhala anabzala nkhaka, kutenga dziko, posakaniza mchenga ndi peat, manyowa, kenako anazitsanulira mwa chidebe okonzeka. Earth anatsanulira si zolimba kwambiri ndipo anatsanulira mu magawo atatu. Mbewu kugona palibe chozama kupitirira limodzi ndi theka masentimita wokutidwa ndi filimu pulasitiki. Patapita masiku atatu, pamene mphukira choyamba, filimuyi ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Poyamba mbewu safuna kuthirira kwambiri, koma pang'onopang'ono, monga kukula zomera, kuonjezera madzi. Nkhaka mbande kulima ayenera limodzi ndi waterings zambiri monga izi Sudzatitsogolera mapangidwe dongosolo mizu ndi kukula mofulumira masamba.

Manyowa mbande ayenera kawiri, chimodzimodzi - yomweyo pambuyo kuoneka masamba woona, ndipo basi pamaso Thirani mu nthaka. Kuti kudyetsa malita 10 a madzi magalamu 10 a feteleza Kemira Maapatimenti ndi kutsanulira mbande, zochokera mlingo wa Botolo 150 pa feteleza mphamvu.

zomera sanacheuke wofooka, kukula mbande ya nkhaka ayenera unachitikira zina kutentha osiyanasiyana. M'pofunika kukhalabe kutentha mu chipinda zotsatirazi: tsiku - kuphatikiza madigiri 21, ndi usiku - kuphatikiza madigiri 16. kutentha nthaka ayenera kukhala wotsika kuposa madigiri sikisitini. Mabokosi chisakhale kusodza, chifukwa mbewu nkhaka sangakhoze kuima iwo.

Thirani nkhaka opangidwa okha mu dothi mkangano. Zomera ayenera 25 masentimita mu msinkhu ndi ndi masamba asanu woona. Kudzala sanagwe - ayenera umangidwa.

Choncho, ngati nkhaka kukula mbande akhoza kuwapeza mbewu m'banda a chikhalidwe otchuka.