Kuphunzira pendulum - momwe kupeza nthawi ya pendulum oscillation yosavuta

The zosiyanasiyana njira oscillatory zimene zatizungulira, mwakuti ndi zodabwitsa - ndipo palibe chinthu chimene si kwanthawi? Nkomwe, popeza ngakhale osasunthika ndithu chinthu, kuti mwala umene zaka masauzande ambiri akadali, komabe oscillates njira - nthawi heats masana, kuwonjezeka ndipo usiku amazizira wabwerera. Ndipo pafupi Mwachitsanzo - mitengo ndi nthambi - kuyambira mwakhama onse moyo wake. Koma ndiye - mwala, nkhuni. Ndipo ngati inu amangotsirizitsira ranges kuthamanga 100 nyumba nkhani? Amadziwika Mwachitsanzo, kuti pamwamba Ostankinskaya nsanja ndi anapanduka mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pa mamita 5-12, bwino kusiyana pendulum 500 mamita mkulu. Ndipo monga momwe umachuluka kukula yomanga ofanana osiyana kutentha? Apa n'zotheka m'kagulu ndi kugwedera makina ndipo makinawa nsanja. Tangoganizani, ndege imene inu kuuluka mosalekeza zimasiyanasiyana. Sasintha malingaliro anu kuuluka? Sikuti, chifukwa kusinthasintha - ndicho m'dzikoli, sitingathe tichotse iwo - iwo akhoza n'komwe ndi kutsatira "zabwino".

Monga mwachizolowezi, kuphunzira madera zovuta kwambiri kudziwa (ndipo iwo basi sizichitika) akuyamba ndi chiyambi chitsanzo yosavuta. Ndipo pali chosavuta ndi zambiri kumvetsa amaonera chitsanzo cha ndondomeko oscillatory, kuposa pendulum lapansi. Ndi apa, mu phunziro la sayansi, poyamba tiyenera kumva ichi akuti - ". Nthawi ya oscillation wa pendulum yosavuta" Pendulum - ndi ulusi ndi katundu. Ndipo kodi ichi pendulum wapadera - Masamu? A yosavuta, pendulum izi ankadziwa kuti ulusi alibe thupi la sanali extensible, ndi chuma mfundo vibrates mchikakamizo yokoka. mfundo ndi yakuti zambiri, kuganizira njira Mwachitsanzo, kunjenjemerako sangakhale nkhani kwathunthu zonse za maonekedwe monga kulemera, elasticity, etc. ophunzira onse zimenezo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, makhalidwe ena a iwo mu ndondomeko ndi negligible. Mwachitsanzo, zolemba izo anamvetsa kuti pendulum kulemera ndi elasticity thonje akamaziwononga ziribe mphamvu noticeable pa nthawi ya oscillation wa pendulum masamu ndi negligibly zazing'ono chikoka chawo amachotsedwa kuganizira.

Khama la nthawi oscillation wa pendulum, ngati si zovuta sadzachitanso kudziwika ndi izi: nyengo - nthawi imene inadzachitika wina oscillation wathunthu. Tiyeni tipange chizindikiro mu umodzi mwa mfundo muyeso wa kayendedwe ka katundu. Tsopano nthawi iliyonse mfundo chatsekedwa, kupanga aŵerenga oscillations wathunthu ndipo onani nthawi, nkuti, 100 Phokoso. Kudziwa nthawi za nthawi imodzi ndi chithunzithunzi. Timachita kuyesera kuti zokhala mu ndege imodzi mwa pendulum milandu zotsatirazi:

- matalikidwe osiyana koyamba;

- osiyana katundu kulemera.

Ife tifika zotsatira zidzasintha pa Koyamba: m'zochitika zonse, nthawi ya pendulum oscillation yosavuta amakhalabe sichinasinthe. M'mawu ena, matalikidwe ndi misa koyamba mpaka zinthu pa nthawi ya nyengo alibe mphamvu. Kuti mudziwe zambiri ndi downside imodzi yokha - chifukwa katundu kutalika pamene galimoto kusintha, ndiye kubwezeretsa mphamvu pamodzi ndi variable njira, amene ali kovuta kwa kuwerengetsera. Pang'ono kunyengeza - Kankhani pendulum komanso malangizo yopingasa - iwo amayamba kufotokoza pamwamba conical, nthawi T wa kasinthasintha akanali yemweyo, liwiro gulu limodzi circumference V - zonse circumference, pamodzi chimene chimatichititsa katundu S = 2πr, wobwezeretsa mphamvu imatsogoleredwa pamodzi utali wozungulira wa.

Ndiye ife kuwerengera nthawi oscillation wa pendulum losavuta:

T = S / V = 2πr / vesi

Ngati kutalika kwa ulusi L kwambiri ndi katundu kukula (osachepera 15-20 nthawi), ndipo ulusi ngodya ya ndingaliro ndi yaing'ono (yaing'ono matalikidwe), tikhoza kuganiza kuti kubwezeretsa mphamvu P chofanana ndi centripetal mphamvu F:
P = F = mamita * V * V / r Mukhoza

Komano, nthawi ya mphamvu kubwezeretsa ndi mphindi ya inertia wa katundu ndi ofanana ndipo kenako

P * L = r Mukhoza * (m * g), kutanthauza podziwa kuti P = F, anthu aone kuti pali zotsatirazi: r Mukhoza * mamita * g / L = mamita * ndime * ndime / r Mukhoza

Sizovuta kupeza mathamangidwe wa pendulum kuti: vesi = r Mukhoza * √g / l.

Ndipo tsopano kumbukirani mawu oyamba kwambiri kwa nyengo ndi kulowetsamo mtengo wa mathamangidwe ndi:

T = 2πr / r Mukhoza * √g / l

Pambuyo kusintha chilinganizo nthawi zazing'ono masamu pendulum oscillation mu mawonekedwe yomaliza motere:

T = 2 π √ L / g

Tsopano zotsatira kale experimentally analandira za ufulu wa nthawi oscillation wa kulemera kwa katundu ndi matalikidwe akhala anatsimikizira mu maonekedwe mawunikidwe ndi sizikuwoneka kukhala 'chodabwitsa ", monga momwe akunenera, mogwirizana.

Mwazina, kuchitira mawu yamasika kwa nthawi oscillation wa pendulum masamu, inu mukhoza kuwona mwayi kwambiri kuyeza mathamangitsidwe yokoka. Ndi okwanira kusonkhanitsa Buku pendulum nthawi imene dziko lapansi ndi kuyeza nthawi oscillations ake. Ndipo kotero, ndithu mwadzidzidzi ndi pendulum osavuta kumva watipatsa mwayi kwambiri kuphunzira kufalitsa osalimba a kutumphuka Dziko Lapansi, kudzafunafuna lapansi madipoziti mchere. Koma kuti ndi nkhani ina.