Kuwundana Lyra - yaing'ono kuwundana a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Nyenyezi Vega mu kuwundana Lyra

Chilimwe kumwamba mu mtambo womwe usiku makamaka wokongola. Zikuoneka chiwerengero cha n'kuti madontho pa mutu pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira chawonjezeka kambirimbiri. Mu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, pafupi pakati pa mzikiti wakumwamba, pomwe inu mudzazindikira ndithu nyenyezi yowala pamwamba pa wowerenga lapansi. Izi Vega, Alefa a kuwundana Lyra yaing'ono lakumwamba chithunzi, ili mu malo amenewa ndi masiku otsiriza a kasupe mpaka m'dzinja. Image wa chida wakale nyimbo, ngakhale wodzichepetsa kukula kwake poyerekeza ndi anansi ake, akhala anakopeka maso a zakuthambo.

Kolowera ndi mawonekedwe

Kuwundana Lyra lili 54 kuunika, kuonekera Lapansi ndi apoyera. anansi ake apamtima ali kumwamba tsekwe, Hercules, chinjoka ndi Chanterelle. Pezani mfundo yowala kwambiri zimakwana, Vega, ndithu chabe, osati chifukwa cha malo ake. Alpha Lyra - mmodzi wa mfundo za asterism Chilimwe Triangle, wopangidwa nyenyezi kwathunthu owala kwambiri ndi bwino kuwoneka. ena awiri ngodya ya Deneb ake anatchulidwa mu kuwundana Cygnus , ndi Altair, kunena mphungu wakumwamba.

Mawonekedwe a kuwundana Lyra akufanana ndi quadrangle, mfundo onse amene ali kuoneka bwino pa usiku wowala bwino. A mtunda waufupi kwa mmodzi wa iwo Vega.

Kuwundana Lyra Bakuman

Monga mukudziwa, chithunzi ichi wakumwamba lili ndi dzina la chida wakale nyimbo. Kale azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala Greek zopangidwa ndi zipolopolo za akamba. Polemekeza nyama ndi kuyitana chida: mawu "azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala" amatanthauza "kamba". Malinga ndi nthano, woyamba chinthu choterechi akhoza kufalitsa phokoso melodic, anapatsa anthu Herme. Lear nthawi zonse limodzi ndi lanthano woimba Orpheus. Malinga ndi nthano nyimbo zake ndi mawu ake chidwi milungu ndi anthu. Kodi akhoza anamva phokoso la azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala, ndi maluwa pachimake ndi mbalame akuimba. Pa Orpheus anali tsoka kovuta:, mkazi wake anamwalira, Eurydice, namtsata iye mu ufumu wa akufa, anayesetsa kuti abwerereko koma pa mphindi yotsiriza, linaphwanya chimodzi cha zinthu zazikulu Hade. Pakutayika Orpheus wake wokondedwa anaponya azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala ndipo anasiya mwa kachetechete ndi chisoni ndi moyo. Gods blagogovevshie pamaso phokoso la chida cha, anamuukitsa kumwamba ndipo anapanga kuwundana.

okonda

Star Vega kugwirizana ndi mafotokozedwe osiyana ndi chiyambi East. Japanese ndi Chinese nthano anafotokoza ndi wamkazi wokongola, anagwa mchikondi ndi wachivundi wina. Mnyamata komanso anaika pa mlengalenga: izi Altair a kuwundana a Mphungu. Bambo wa mulungu wamkazi, atadziwa chinsinsi cha chikondi, wokwiya, ndipo analetsa mwana wake kukumana ndi osankhidwa. Kuyambira pamenepo, Vega ndi Altair amauza mtsinje lakumwamba, ndi Milky Way. Chikondi wapatsidwa kukumana kamodzi kokha pachaka, wachisanu ndi chiwiri wa July, pamene zikwi makumi kumanga mlatho pakati pawo. Kumapeto kwa usiku wamkazi iye akubwerera misozi zowawa ndi anadandaula kulekana. madontho mchere anawona ku dziko lapansi, monga kugwa zimiyala Perseids.

alpha

Nyenyezi yowala mu kuwundana Lyra akhala anakopeka maso osati cha ofalitsa nkhani. Iye nthawizonse wakhala ali ndi chidwi asayansi. Udindo wapadera wa kuwala ndi aone kwachititsa kuti lero Vega - mmodzi wa nyenyezi kwambiri kuphunzira m'malere.

Bright izo tithe chachisanu mu mlengalenga wonse, ndi wachiwiri kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, pambuyo Arcturus. Akuoneka ukulu Vega - 0,03. Adzaupereka kwa kalasi ya zinthu kawalidwe A0Va, misa kuposa 2.1 nthawi dzuwa, ndi m'mimba mwake wa - 2.3.

kuwala kwa tsogolo

Star Vega - buluu ndi zoyera chiphona. Malinga ndi asayansi, Kukuwala kale zaka 455.000. Pakuti mwamuna ndi chidwi chithunzi, koma mfundo za chilengedwe Vega sakhala nthawi yaitali. Yerekezerani dzuwa zounikira wathu Way malo ali kale zaka mabiliyoni 4.5. The cheza mwamphamvu ndi makhalidwe ena salola nyenyezi yaikulu ya Lyra komanso kulibe kwa nthawi yaitali. Akatswiri a sayansi ya kulosera Vega ikutha ndi chiwonongeko ngakhale pambuyo pafupifupi 450.000 zaka.

muyezo

Chifukwa malo Vega ali bwinobwino kuti nayenso, anali ovomerezeka yake zina muyezo mu zakuthambo. Kuyambira cha m'ma 19 m'zaka kwa ubwino wake kunaikidwiratu magnitudes nyenyezi mazana angapo. Vega anali mmodzi wa nyenyezi zisanu ndi ziwiri ili pa mtunda ku dzuwa kuti si kusokoneza fumbi dziko akubwera kuchokera cheza awo pa maziko amene anali wangwiro ndi UBV dongosolo photometric, amene amalola kudziwa zina magawo thupi nyenyezi.

Ngakhale mwakuwoneka mabuku kuphunzira Vega, pali nkhani zimene sanalandire mayankho mabuku chibwenzi kugwirizana nazo. Mmodzi wa iwo Zimalepheretsa ndi "mbiri" Alpha Lyrae monga muyezo mu zakuthambo. M'zaka za m'ma otsiriza wapezeka "mavuto" mu kuwala nyenyeziyo. Deta analandira anasonyeza kuti fluctuates. Pankhaniyi, Vega ali zimachitika nyenyezi variable. Palibe maganizo imodzi pa nkhani pano.

kasinthasintha

Mu 60s kwa zaka za m'ma 20 ndipo analowa funso tanthauzo watsiku ndi kawalidwe kalasi Vega. Kunapezeka kuti Alpha Lyrae ndi kotentha ndi kowala anthu muyezo wa mtundu wawo. Ndipotu sanalandire mafotokozedwe yabwino mpaka 2005, pamene njira wapezeka.

Kunapezeka kuti Vega pa liwilo imazungulira padziko nguli (pafupi ndi equator chithunzi ukufika 274 km / s). Zikatero, chingasinthe mawonekedwe a danga chinthu. Vega si kwambiri kapena zochepa zonse mpira, koma ellipse, elongated pa equator ndi flattened mizati. Chifukwa, mosiyana ndi chizolowezi kumalire a kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa nyenyezi pafupi ndi red-hot pachimake kuposa woyendera nthambi yamphamvu. Pole analimbikitsa wamphamvu, owala chowala.

amanena anatuluka mu 80s Mu zaka zapitazo ndipo wakhala zikutsimikiziridwa ndi kuzipenya mu 2005. Ikufotokozanso za luminosity anomalous wa nyenyezi ndi kuwala kwake.

litayamba

Vega yodziwika Mbali kuti: ili circumstellar fumbi litayamba. Zinali nyenyezi woyamba, umene anapeza mapangidwe ofanana. Litayamba imakhala ya zotsala za zinthu dziko, colliding ndi mzake pafupi ndi nyenyezi.

Inayambira pagalimoto unachitika atulukira owonjezera infuraredi umuna Vega. Lero, kuwala konse woterowo khalidwe amatchedwa "vegapodobnye".

Zina mu dongosolo fumbi litayamba zikusonyeza kuti Alpha Lyrae padziko yaikulu onsewo dziko monga Jupiter. Pamene deta si zenizeni, koma ngati izo zichitika, Vega adzakhala nyenyezi woyamba yowala, ndi dziko a.

beta Lyrae

Mwa chidwi chida wakumwamba nyimbo si Vega yekha. Kuwundana Lyra ali angapo angapo machitidwe nyenyezi. tcheru maphunziro makamaka amakopeka Yoyeserera Lyrae, Yoyeserera Lyrae. Adzaupereka kwa anaposa zounikira variable. Kachitidwe imakhala ndi yowala buluu woyera nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi lalikulu, koma kuzimiririka woyera nyenyezi, a ndondomeko zikuluzikulu. Amawapatula ndi makilomita 40 miliyoni, kuti mfundo dziko, pang'ono kwambiri. Motero, nkhani imodzi mwa ophatikidzana mosalekeza ukufika ena.

Kupita ku "mwiniwake" mitundu mpweya kuzungulira "wolandira" accretion litayamba. Pankhaniyi, nyenyezi amacheza ndi envelopu wamba mpweya, mosalekeza amapereka mbali ya thunthu ake mu malo ozungulira.

Poyamba, chiŵerengero misa anzake kuyang'ana mosiyana. Masiku ano mwiniwake anali chidwi kwambiri. M'kupita kwa nthawi, unali chimphona, ndipo anayamba kupereka chuma chawo. Tsopano sikelo yake ndi pafupifupi 3 dzuwa, koma chizindikiro ichi bwenzi ali 13 misa nyale zathu.

Pa mtunda wautali kwa aŵiri ndicho nyenyezi lachitatu, Yoyeserera Lyrae V. yowala ndi nthawi 80 kuposa dzuwa. Beta Lyrae B amatanthauza spectroscopic awiri (nthawi ndi - masiku 4.34).

Epsilon

Kuwundana Lear ndipo ali ndi dongosolo Nyenyezi wopangidwa mwa zigawo zinayi. Izi Epsilon Lyrae lagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri Epsilon Epsilon 1 ndi 2, ngakhale pamene ankaona ndi zoyang'anira. Aliyense wa iwo ndi awiri nyenyezi. zigawo zonse zinayi - nyenyezi woyera, a kalasi yomweyo kawalidwe monga Sirius. Epsilon 1 ndi 2 atembenuza ndi nyengo ya zaka 244.000.

Mphete ndi mpira

Pafupifupi aliyense chithunzi wakumwamba monyadira nebulae wokongola awo "m'gawo." Yotero ndi kuwundana Lyra. Photos of danga chinthu, limene lili pakati pa beta ndi Popanga madzi a gamma Lyrae, amapereka lingaliro bwino za chiyambi cha dzina lake. Mphete Nebula mawonekedwe ake, ndithu, amatikumbutsa chidutswa yoyenera zodzikongoletsera. Iye decorates kuwundana Lyra atagona pa mtunda wa zaka 2000 kuwala kwa Earth. Age Nebula amaganiza zaka 5500. Iwo Tingaone ndi zoyang'anira. Wokongola chowala wa Nebula ndi chifukwa cha kutentha ultraviolet panamveka ku nyenyezi yaing'ono woyera. Poyamba anali maziko a nyenyezi yaikulu.

Suli kutali Nebula ndi ili globular nyenyezi limodzi M56. The moyandikana wa iwo, Koma ankati: M56 kuchotsedwa Lapansi zaka 32.900 kuwala. M'zithunzi izo zikuwoneka ngati mpira, losindikizidwa ndi pakati, pamene nyenyezi pa malo unit ndithu mkulu. Apa anayikidwa pa 12 nyenyezi variable. A limodzi globular ndi zovuta kusunga ntchito zida zofufuzafufuza chifukwa anataya moyo wa Milky Way.

Lira - ndi kuwundana ochepa, komabe chidwi. Ake "gawo" anaika akuluakulu a zinthu zochuluka mwa anthu kuphunzira zakuthambo. Nyenyezi ndiponso magulu ozungulira Lear, zingaoneke chidwi kwambiri ndi kuchilingalira. Komano, kuwala Vega yekha adzakhala zokwanira "kofunika" onsewo. Makamaka ngati ife kumbukirani kuti magnitudes nyenyezi zina akhoza malinga ndi umboni wa Alpha Lyrae. Izi zojambula lakumwamba, motero - ndi likutipatsa fanizo mawu "ang'ono ndi kuchotsedwa." Komabe, mofanana tinganene za zinachitika lake lodziwika bwino, ndi azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala za Orpheus.