Likulu la Benin - Porto Novo. The Republic of Benin - Dziko mu Africa West

boma African West la Benin si kopita alendo. Iwo bwino anayamba zomangamanga, ndi gawo la mikango ya anthu padziko lonse malamulo omwewo ndi zikhulupiriro zaka 100-200 zapitazo. Komabe, zidzakhala zosangalatsa izo kwa mbiri imanena, chifukwa inu mukhoza kuwona weniweni Africa, kuonetsetsa kuti asadziwe anthu ake, miyambo ndikudabwa.

za dziko

Si aliyense amene angathe kuyankha yomweyo funso ali Benin. Ambiri, mwina lonseli, ambiri sali bwino. Pakali pano, boma ndiye wolowa mmalo m'mbiri kamodzi wamphamvu akale maphunziro onse African Dahomey.

The Republic of Benin lili Africa West, pafupi ndi Gulf wa Guinea. M'malire a kumpoto ndi Niger ndi Burkina Faso, kumadzulo - ndi Togo kum'mawa - ndi Nigeria. Dera la boma lagawidwa khumi m'madipatimenti utsogoleri: Alibori, Atlantic, Atakora, Borgou, Collines, Couffo, Dongo, Littoral, rekodi, Ouémé, Plateau, Zou. Onse a iwo, nawonso, unagawika 77 communes.

Mwadzina likulu la Benin ndi Porto-Novo zoona, maofesi a boma, akazembe yachilendo ali Coston. dongosolo State - Malawi Pulezidenti ndi dongosolo monopartiynoy. Pulezidenti ndiye mutu wa boma, lomwe amasonyeza mphamvu wamkulu. Benin, malamulo tsopano anatengedwa mu 1990.

Pali zinthu zinayi chinenero: maziko, Chiyoruba, Sombo ndi French, lomwe ndi boma. Economy la Benin kwathunthu zochokera ulimi wa chilengedwe (chilazi, chimanga, tapioca) ndi kulima thonje. M'chikondi cha mafuta ndi gasi minda pano, koma popeza molakwika. Kuchuluka zochepa kuti mgodi wa golidi, zitsulo, mankwala thanthwe, nsangalabwi.

Nyengo ndi chikhalidwe

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mapu, inu mungazindikire Benin (Africa) ali ndi mawonekedwe elongated m'nyanja ya Atlantic pakati m'dzikoli. Ikufotokoza chakuti boma lili mabacteria awiri nyengo. Kum'mwera chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nyengo yamphamvu ndi mmene akuthamanga mvula kuchokera March kuti July kuyambira September mpaka kumayambiriro November. Mbali kumpoto kwa Benin lili lamba subequatorial. Kumeneko chaka nyengo ziwiri kutchulidwa: youma (December - April, May) ndi mvula (June - November). Mvula ndi zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kum'mwera. Nthawi yabwino kuyenda pamene tingathe anapita likulu la Benin, amapezeka ku December kwa March, nyengo ndi omasuka kwambiri pa nthawi imeneyi, ndi kudziko pali miyambo yosiyanasiyana ndi zikondwerero.

Pamene dziko lonse zabisidwa m'nkhalango. Tsopano iwo okha pang'ono anasunga mu mzinda wa boma, koma ambiri pafupifupi kudula mitengo yekha angapezeke mu dera. zomera ikuyimiridwa ndi mbalame zolusa lalikulu (panthers, ng'ona) ndi herbivores (njovu, njati, antelopes).

sewero mbiri

Dera la Benin makono ina yaikulu akale ufumu wa Dahomey, lomwe likulu lake mu mzinda wa Abomey (tsopano likulu la dipatimenti ya Zou).

Anthu ankakhala pa mayiko amenewa kungochokera Paleolithic ndi Neolithic. Ufumu wa Dahomey anakhazikitsidwa mu m'ma 17. Ndi nthawi iyi mudziwe woyamba likulu ano Porto-Novo. Chiyambi cha dziko kupita ku fuko aja, ntchito padziko m'mphepete mwa nyanja State Allada. Iwo anakhazikika kumpoto ndi pang'onopang'ono anaphatikizana ndi anthu akuderalo.

M'nthawi ya 17. French, Dutch ndi Chipwitikizi pa gombe cha dzikoli anakhazikitsa woyamba European kuthetsa amalonda. Mfumu ankagulitsa akapolo chosinthana ndi zida, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito patsogolo. Azungu komanso anakopeka miyambo ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Makamaka zachilendo kwa iwo linali kuli mapangidwe lankhondo la akazi - Dahomey Amazons. Iwo atsimikizira kuti wosimidwa, wolimba ndi akatswiri asilikali pa Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri Franco-Dahomean nkhondo.

Dahomey chinakhalapo mpaka m'ma 19. Pamene anapambana asilikali French ku Senegal. Wotsatira unali inalowa wa Ufumu French Africa West mu 1904. The colonizers mu gawo chinachititsa kuti derali: chiyambi cha kumanga misewu, zomera mafakitale.

Mu 1946, Dahomey Kusintha ake ndipo anatchedwa m'gawo kunja kwa France. Pamene kazembe, oyendetsera dziko, anayamba ntchito Bungwe la General, kumene kunali mbali ya anzeru m'dera ndi bourgeoisie.

Ufulu wa Republic of Dahomey analandira August 1, 1960 Pulezidenti wake woyamba anali M. K. Yuber, makamaka kukhazikitsa mwankhanza munthu. Kuyambira 1963 mpaka mu 1972, dziko anakumana anayi coups asilikali. Chifukwa cha iwowa anayamba kulamulira M. Kerekou, amene anakhazikitsa dongosolo chipani chimodzi chokha ndi Marxist-Leninist mfundo. Mu 1989 iye amasiya mfundo zake ndiye unachitikira ake chisankho choyamba free, ndipo boma anadzatchedwa dziko la Benin.

anthu Benin

Malinga ndi malipoti a posachedwapa, anthu dziko ya anthu 8.3 miliyoni omwe, ambiri amayembekeza kukhala ndi moyo ndi otsika ndi zaka 54. Dziko lili ndi vuto mwachilungamo zovuta ndi mankhwala, chonde ndi omwalira, makamaka ana. Za 1,9% ya anthu ali ndi HIV.

Benin ndi boma ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, madera ake ndi anthu m'mayiko oposa 60 ndipo mafuko 42. mtundu waukulu ndi maziko (pafupifupi 65%), zokhudzana ndi yaikazi. Iwo makamaka anagawira kum'mwera ndi malo moyandikana a m'mayiko ena. Number - anthu mamiliyoni 3.5, iwo makamaka kusunga zikhulupiriro za makolo, ndi mbali chabe ya limabweretsa Chikhristu. Makamaka iwo kumene kuli likulu la Benin. Background ndi pachimake mtundu wa Dahomey.

Komanso, anthu wamba Barba pafupifupi 1/10 a anthu a dziko lonse. Akukhulupirirabe makamaka makolo yaing'ono gawo - Sunni Muslim. Mu Benin, mafuko waukulu moyo anthu Sombo ndi Chiyoruba mkanda.

boma Capital

Magwero polemba kuti kutchula likulu la Benin, a zaka za m'ma 17. Tsiku lenileni la maziko silikudziwika, koma amaganiza kuti kwachitika mu zaka za m'ma 18. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Chipwitikizi okhazikika chifukwa chimene unakhala malo a malonda a akapolo. Iye analengeza likulu la boma kuyambira kupeza ufulu wodzilamulira mu 1960,

Porto-Novo - ndi limodzi mwa madoko mu Gulf wa Guinea ili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dziko. Iye ndi likulu lake mwadzina ndi kuthetsa wachiwiri kukula pambuyo malo enieni Conton. Yotsirizira n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa boma ngati mfundo zachikhalidwe view ndi ku zandale. M'miyoyo likulu, malinga 2002, 223 552 anthu.

zokopa likulu

Ngakhale kuti likulu la Benin akhoza kudzitama mkulu mlingo wa chitonthozo alendo ndi lalikulu kukula, ndi chidwi pa maganizo a za m'mbiri yakale. Kwa alendo adzakhala chidwi zokopa zotsatirazi:

• Cathedral wa atumwi XVIII. Anamanga Apwitikizi.
• Ethnographic Museum, muli ndalama zosaneneka za zinthu Chiyoruba mpatuko, komanso mbiri yakale ndipo zakale.
• Da Silva Museum anadzipereka ubale pakati pa Africa ndi Brazil, ndi mafilimu a kanema wapoyera, laibulale ndi hotelo.
• The Royal Palace, yomwe inali okhala Mfumu Roy toffee.