Ma Marshals a USSR: kuchokera ku Voroshilov kupita ku Yazov

Pamwamba pa mphamvu zake zankhondo ndi zandale, Napoleon Bonaparte ananena mawu ake otchuka kuti aliyense wa asilikali ake amanyamula antchito a marshal phukusi lake . Ma Marshals a USSR analibe antchito, koma kuchokera pazifukwa zawo sanakhale ochepa komanso okongola.

Poyamba Russia, mndandanda wa zida zapamwamba zinali zovuta, komabe, kuyambira ndi Peter Wamkulu, mkulu wa asilikali, mkulu wa asilikali pa malo ochitira masewera ena, kawirikawiri ankavala udindo wadziko lonse. Olemba mbiri sagwirizana pa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adapatsidwa udindo woterewu, podziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti olamulira monga Suvorov, Kutuzov, Dibich, Paskevich adayenera ntchito yawo yonse ndi ntchito yawo yonse.

Pambuyo pa zochitika zomwe zinachitika mu 1917, gulu la Afiira lofiira silinalipo pomwepo, ndipo asilikali ogwira usilikali, monga lamulo, anachitidwa molingana ndi malo omwe anagwira. Ma Marshals a USSR - maudindo oyambirira omwe anapangidwa ndi chisankho chapadera cha Komiti Yaikulu ya CPSU (b) mu September 1935. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkhaniyi siinali yokha yokhazikitsanso, koma malamulo apadera adatulutsidwa, malinga ndi zomwe anthu ena adayamba kugwira ntchito yoyendetsera usilikali.

Otsatira oyambirira a USSR - Voroshilov, Egorov, Tukhachevsky, Blyukher, Budyonny - ankasangalala ndi udindo woyenera m'dzikoli komanso m'gulu lankhondo, kotero palibe amene anali ndi kukayikira za kuyenerera kukonza izi. Komabe, nthawi yaying'ono idzadutsa, ndipo atatu a iwo - Tukhachevsky, Egorov ndi Blyukher - adzakhala "mabwato oponderezedwa a USSR", ndipo mabomba awiri oyambirira adzabwezedwa patatha zaka zambiri.

Pamaso pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikristu, asilikali ena atatu a nkhondo - Timoshenko, Shaposhnikov ndi Kulik - anakhala mabwana a USSR. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mpaka chaka cha 1955 ntchito ya mutuwu inapangidwa payekha komanso ndi malamulo apadera. Ma Marshals a USSR ankavala epaulettes yapadera ndi nyenyezi imodzi yaikulu. Pambuyo pake, mu 1945, anakhazikitsidwa nyenyezi yokongola ya marshal, yomwe inali yamphepete mwa diamondi angapo.

Anthu ambiri adalandira udindo waukulu kwambiri wa Soviet Union panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Pakati pawo, malo apadera amakhala ndi USSR Marshal Zhukov. Izi zimachokera osati pokhapokha kuti adapatsidwa mutuwu choyamba, komanso chifukwa chothandizira kuti apambane ndi Germany. Komanso m'zaka zoopsyazi epaulettes za marshal zinaperekedwa kwa Vasilevsky, Konev, Stalin, Rokossovsky, Govorov, Malinovsky, Meretskov ndi Tolbukhin. Nkhondo itangotha, chifukwa cha reassignment, udindowu unaperekedwa ku Beria, koma atangomwalira Stalin anamwalira .

Chiwerengero cha "Marshals wa USSR" chikuphatikizapo anthu 41. Mwa iwo omwe sanatchulidwepo, tifunika kusankha akuluakulu otchuka monga Bagramyan, Grechko, Chuikov, Eremenko. Mu 1976, pokondwera kwambiri, mutuwu unaperekedwa kwa Leonid Brezhnev.

Msilikali wotsiriza wa USSR anali D. Yazov, yemwe analandira izo posachedwa kugwa kwa dziko lalikulu. Mmodzi yekhayo amene alipo, yemwe anapatsidwa udindo wa mgwirizano wa Russian Federation, ndi amene anali nduna yoyang'anira chitetezo I. Sergeev.