Madamu - ndi chiyani ichi? Mitundu ya matupi a madzi ndipo anthu

Madamu - mwachibadwa kapena yokumba matupi a madzi, akhoza kukhala okhazikika kapena zosakhalitsa chikhalidwe, zolinga kukongoletsa ndi kuthetsa m'mapaki ndi minda. Stock amatunga pang'onopang'ono kapena kwina.

Mitsinje a watercourse, monga iwo ali zonse, nthawi zina amphamvu, panopa.

Natural matupi a madzi: Nyanja

Lake - gawo la madzi chigoba cha dziko lapansi, anapanga mu matendawa, chiyambi osiyana. Lake - ndi mchere ndi watsopano madzi. Kuyendera sayansi ya limnology, umene umati sali mbali ya Ocean World. Madamu izi kawirikawiri - mchere. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo zimachitika kudzikundikira mchere. Chifukwa - mlingo wochepa wa otaya ndi kuwombola madzi. Pansi pa nyanja kudziunjikira chitayiko.

Gulu lalikulu zachokera mawonekedwe ndi chiyambi cha mabeseni lapansi. Ambiri a iwo - ndi tectonic aumbike mwa zolakwa crustal. chiphala m'nyanja mtundu anapanga mu zimaphala la mapiri zinatha, makamaka - m'mapiri. Kusiya aumbike mwa malo kumene Chip mapiri oletsedwa njira ya mtsinje. Chifukwa chakuyimisidwa nchito kwa thanthwe anapanga karst nyanja. M'madera lamapiri la Alps, ndi Caucasus, ndi Urals anapanga madzi glacial. nyanja awa anapanga ndi ntchito glacier.

Kodi dziwe?

Pond - mgodi wa chiyambi achilengedwe kapena kupanga. Izo analengedwa ndi cholinga kusamala madzi ulimi m'madera ozungulira, ulimi wa nsomba. Natural dziwe ndi nyanja yaing'ono.

Amapanga dziwe kawirikawiri imagwira ntchito ya posungira. Kutiumba izo, kutchinga njira ya mtsinje, ndipo anapanga damu. Mphamvu yokumba dziwe makamaka kumachitika chifukwa pansi kapena otaya mtsinje.

Amatunga - madzi abwino. Wosalira phunzirani kutulutsa madzi owonjezera anapanga bere yokumba. Amatunga kawirikawiri m'madera akumidzi. Pano ali yotsimikizika zachuma udindo - ulimi nsomba, kusunga madzi ulimi wothirira, nthawizina - ndimakina.

Pali mitundu iwiri mayiwe: kukumba ndi madamu. Anthu mayiwe - mogwirizana, algae, nsomba. Pangani amatunga wapadera wa nsomba - mumapezeka nsomba, Nsombazi, stellate Nsombazi. Amatunga mwapadera mwayeretsa fomu topezeka zawo.

kutanthauza madamu

Madamu - amatunga yokumba aumbike kusunga madzi lonse mafakitale. Kuonetsetsa mtsinje bedi komanso nyanja mosungiramo, malingana anayambira. Iwo akhoza roofed, ndi kutsegula damu.

Padziko lonse lapansi Madamu: Abale, Rybinsk - mu Russia, Smallwood - mu Canada, Nasser - mu Egypt ndi Sudan. Kukula kwa malo amenewa kuli ndi mavuto chachikulu, koma osati nthawi zonse zabwino. Ofunika kwambiri a iwo - kusintha mu Edene. Imeneyi imagwiranso kwa zinyama ndi zomera. The kungasokoneze ali pa zinthu spawning nsomba.

Osati zotsatira zabwino za chilengedwe cha malo oterewa ndi silting a madamu. ndondomeko ndi mapangidwe chitayiko lalikulu, sludge pansi. Madzi amachepetsa. Zimenezi anaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa Kukubweretsera masautso topezeka kudera. Anthu a madamu Pankhaniyi zingasiyane.

Kodi akazi akale?

Oxbow nyanja monga matupi zachilengedwe a madzi - ndi mbali ya njira, komwe poyamba mtsinje. dzina lina - pamodzi akale. Madamu Zimenezi ndi chodabwitsa mawonekedwe - chikwakwa kapena kachigawo, zingwe zopota, mapini. Ngati nyanja oxbow anapanga? The ndondomeko ya mapangidwe kumachitika pamene, chifukwa chifukwa chirichonse njira ndi kukonzedwa, ndi pindilani kale kapena kupindika ali asakhalenso mu mgodi waukulu. chifukwa chachikulu - chigumula, pamene mtsinje ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.

Nthawi zina unakhota a mumtsinje pamodzi - kotero, nawonso kupangidwa oxbow. ndondomeko izi zikuchitika pamaso pa ambiri manja. Zolowetsa kwa oxbow nyanja pang'onopang'ono analowa matope, ndi dziwe inasanduka nyanja kapena dambo. Mu kukhalapo kwa mphamvu akhoza kugwira pakalibe - youma. Yaikulu oxbow nyanja mwina kutalika pa 500 meters.

Malo chakudya?

Mtundu wa chakudya - chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za posungira. Iye akhoza zimaonetsa matabwa ake ndi ntchito.

Monga mukhoza kukhala kudyetsedwa amatunga? Choyamba, lakunja pamwamba runoff - mvula, gidroobektami ena. Chachiwiri, pansi, omwe angabwere pafupi pamwamba. Chachitatu, chongopeka - pa mosungiramo beseni ladzala ndi mphamvu. Chachinayi, kumalizidwa kwa kuphatikiza mtundu madzi.

Chakudya pansi kwambiri zachilengedwe wochezeka, ngati iwo ali oyera. Ngati nyanja ali ndi mphamvu, ndiye izo zidzakhala zokayikitsa kupanga amatope ndi duckweed. Mtundu ambiri chakudya pamodzi.

Zimatsimikizira zonse zili madzi amakakamizidwa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko imeneyi. Lembani dziwe kapena madzi kapena madzi ulimi wothirira. The chakudya ambiri - pamodzi. Zimakhala magwero a mvula, kusungunuka chisanu, madzi nthaka, ndi zina.

Madamu ndi malo awo pa nthaka

Madamu - gidroobekty ili mu dera. Kodi iwo akhoza kupangidwa? Places wa maphunziro, monga nyanja, kungakhale nyanza. Dziwe akhoza kukhala damu kapena kukumba. magetsi ikuchitika, monga ulamuliro, kwa mtsinje. Pa mpumulo anapanga otsetsereka, okulira, floodplain mchere. Zikatero, kuoneka bwino mpumulo nyanja kapena dziwe.

Mu madzi floodplain matupi anapanga ndi mphamvu mobisa, pamodzi, Thamanga-la Mtsinje. Iwo akhoza kupangidwa mu oxbow m'nyanja anaika zipata. Pali nacho ndi madamu, mapampu, kugwiritsa ntchito thupi madzi mu makampani.

Madamu otsetsereka anapanga pa dera la masitepe a zigwa za mitsinje. chawo ndi chosiyana ndi ena chabe zina kamangidwe.

Pa madera okulira kukonza amatunga okulira. Iwo akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi pansi kapena yokumba. madzi amakakamizidwa akhoza amaperekedwa ku mtsinje, chitsime.

Palinso amatunga mu embankments kapena notches. Iwo ali ambiri, ndi wosavuta kulenga ndi bungwe chakudya. Iwo akhoza kukhala m'dera lililonse. Alimbikitsidwe mtengo ndithu.

The n'chodabwitsa Madamu kutumikira makamaka kwa yosungirako madzi. chinthu ichi mukhoza kukhala maziko zomera hydropower.

Kupanga dziwe kukongoletsa

Kukongoletsa dziwe - ndichiyani? Ndi yokumba madzi thupi, yomwe imateteza malo ulemerero, kupanga mtundu yake. Nthawi zambiri, lingaliro la kulenga dziwe kukongoletsa kubwera eni m'nyumba ndi nyumba zing'onozing'ono.

Amapanga amatunga - wokongola ndi wotsogola. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa bwinobwino kulenga ngati ulemerero gawo?

Pangani dziwe ndi manja ake - ntchito yotheka kwa aliyense. Kamangidwe mawonekedwe ngodya momasuka za m'munda mozhut kukhala yosiyanasiyana. Amapanga dziwe mwangwiro zikugwirizana malo alionse, zingakhale zaphindu lalikulu.

Kuyamba, sankhani malo osati kwambiri ndi nyumba (ndi bwino kukaonana ndi akatswiri a kamangidwe malo). The umakhala pafupi nyumba ingawononge maziko.

M'pofunika kulenga polojekiti. Kuti tichite zimenezi umakhala mawonekedwe a dziwe: ndi chowulungika, rectangle kapena akalumikidzidwa zosamvetsetseka. polojekiti adzaona mtengo, zipangizo, malo kachitidwe kusefera. Kenako, muyenera kusankha zipangizo apamwamba - iwo kudziwa kwake ndi kukongola dziwe.

Pamene chirichonse amusankha ndipo anagula, chitani. Iwo m'pofunika kuti iwo wokha, koma ndi thandizo la akatswiri oyenerera. Lomaliza gawo - kujambula zomera. Izi kumaliza chifaniziro cha dziwe wangwiro. Mudzalandira thupi zapamwamba za madzi - chithunzi pansipa ndi imodzi mwa njira zotheka kwa munda wanu.

Pomaliza

Mabungwe a madzi, masoka kapena yokumba, ndi zinchito, koma pangakhale wangwiro, ndi Kuwonjezera kukongola kwa munda kapangidwe wanu.

Zokongoletsa dziwe pafupi ndi kwanu adzalola kuti afotokoze payekha ndi kutsindika mfundo kalembedwe munda. Makamaka otchuka chilengedwe cha zinthu zoterozo mu Japanese, tingachipeze powerenga, kalembedwe okongoletsedwa. Chinthu chachikulu - mwaluso angakonze dziwe. Nthawi zina nsomba zokhala m'madzi izi. Pamaso pa anthu a nyanja izi kakang'ono - ndi eni kukoma munda.