Maksim Kammerer - mmodzi wa ngwazi wokondedwa kwambiri kwa mafani wa Strugatsky

Earth Tsogolo, anafotokoza Strugatsky abale, woyera ndi wotetezeka. Anthu amasulidwe ku maofesi achinyamata dziko ndi nkhondo aponso, matenda ndi masoka achilengedwe. Earthlings anapambana njala, anaphunzira kuugwira nyengo ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe, anaona pa zolakwa za mibadwo yapita ndipo tsopano kudziwa pikhafuna dziko ndi dziko. Kugonjetsa expanses chosefukira kwa malo, anthu angwiro zakonzeka tsopano kuthandiza ena, zolengedwa wamng'ono kuti awapulumutse iwo ku njira yolakwika, anadutsa earthlings.

Koma munthu akhoza kutenga udindo, kusintha njira ya mbiri ya chitukuko cha anthu, chifukwa, monga inu mukudziwa, njira yopita ku gehena ndi kunapangitsa ndi bwino zolinga ? Trilogy za limakhulupirira Kammerer, wopangidwa mwa mabuku "lokhalamo Island" (kumene owerenga wakumana ndi ngwazi wamng'ono kwambiri), "Chikumbu mu Anthill" (limene limakhulupirira - wodziwa zambiri wantchito COMCON-2), ndi "The Wanderers Time" (anatumikira monga tsikulo ndi ndi mbiri Kammerer) zikutipatsa izi ndi zina mafunso wosatha anthu.

anthu a m'tsogolo

Chitukuko pa Dziko Lapansi wafika mlingo wokweretsa. Anthu waphunzira tigwiritse ntchito ubongo wanu ndi kuwononga anthu onga atavism, nkhanza, umbombo ndi mokwiya. Anthu tsopano chinkhoswe kafukufuku sayansi, ndi kuyesera kuti asaphe, zabwino ndi kowala kwa mitundu ina.

Maksim Kammerer - lililonse woimira tsogolo la Dziko. ali ndi mtima wabwino, maganizo lakuthwa, wathanzi kwambiri kunja ndi thupi deta ndi uthunthu wonse wa makhalidwe ena abwino. Limakhulupirira analeredwa banja losangalala ndi wachikondi Komabe, mofanana ndi anthu ena onse. atate wake - katswiri wa sayansi ya nyukiliya koma mnyamatayo wakhala anakopeka thambo, kotero, zilibe kudziwa kusankha yomaliza ya ukachenjede kwa zaka 20, iye akulowa gulu la kufufuza ufulu danga.

"Lokhalamo Island"

Limodzi la ufulu kufufuza Maulendo m'mlengalenga kafukufuku wamng'ono anapeza mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha zimene limakhulupirira Kammerer amakakamizidwa kuti ndegeyo pangozi pa dziko Saraksh. Akakonze pa anthu awo achinyamata sangathe Komanso pa chopatsilira wasweka, ndi ndondomeko ya ankafika otsalira a ulendo samadziwa. Limakhulupirira mwina vutolo, koma choyamba chimene iye ayenera kuti muganize momwe angachitire izo, ndipo timudziwe bwino dzikoli. Pa masitepe woyamba wochokera zimaonekeratu kuti pali wanzeru moyo Saraksh ndipo zikuoneka kuti anali nkhondo nkhanza. Ndi cholowa chawo mwa mawonekedwe a munthu anasiya ndipo dzimbiri, koma zida kumenyana anakumana mu nkhalango pafupi m'mlengalenga wake. kuwonjezera maphunziro limakhulupirira anasonyeza kuti padzikoli ndi lokhalamo anthu, osati nkhondo m'mbuyomu, ndipo akupitiriza kugwetsera anthu ndi kuwononga dziko.

Popeza bwino m'deralo - Rada ndi Guy Gaala, limakhulupirira Kammerer imagwidwa mu ndale za boma lopondereza kutsogoleredwa ndi gulu la "Makolo wosadziwika". Kumanyenga ndi kugonjera anthu ake ndi emitters wapadera, boma mlandu mavuto onse a osinthika, boma wang'ambidwa ndi kukangana mkati ndi kunja ndale ndi pa nkhondo ndi Island Ufumu. Mnyamata si woyenera mu malamulo m'deralo, waubwenzi wake ndi kumwetulira lonse ndi okayikira ndi maulamuliro, kenako chiyambi kukhala maso. Makamaka chidwi wochokera woyendayenda - wamphamvu kwambiri membala wa boma.

Kumvetsa vuto, Max akufuna kuthandiza anthu wamba kunyengedwa. Imagwera mu fundo ndipo ndi alipidwa kutukuka earthlings amachita m'gulu nkhondo. Dziko wayamba anagalukira ndi kumenyana ndi mfuti ndi Island Ufumu nkukhala nkhondo kunachitika. M'kupita kwa zinthu zimenezi limakhulupirira Sikorski anakumana ndi Rudolph (Aka Mlendo - conspiratorial wothandizila Galactic Committee Security). Iwo likukhalira kuti dziko kalekale kudziwa mavuto ndi Saraksh kuyesera mokoma mukulephera kusintha njira ya zochitika bwino, si kukakamiza Komabe, anthu ambiri a dziko la njira zawo. Limakhulupirira komanso amafuna kuti kuika yaitali ntchito zonse m'Komiti ya pansi nkhonya, ndipo tsopano dziko ndipo dziko zingasokoneze dziko nkhondo ndi chisokonezeko.

"Chikumbu mu Anthill"

Kumbuyo limakhulupirira ali zaka zambiri, iye ndi munthu wachikulire zaka zoposa 40, ndi membala wa Komiti a ojambula (KOMKON-2). udindo wake sakuphatikizapo kukhudzana ndi nthumwi za chitukuko zakuthambo, komanso kudziwika kuopseza zotheka kuti anthu anafunsa mwa iwo. Atadziwa ku zolakwa zawo, limakhulupirira Kammerer tsopano amamvetsera mphunzitsi wake ndipo mutu wa Rudolf Sikorski. Earthlings tasiya Saraksh, ndipo anthu onse padziko lapansi akupitiriza kuthandiza progressors. Pezani mmodzi wa iwo, Leo Abalkina - ntchito choikidwacho pamaso Kammerer.

Amadziwika kuti Abalkin ntchito lachinsinsi logwira mu counterintelligence Island Ufumu, koma pambuyo pa imfa ya bwenzi lake Tristan muli ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ndipo kudziyerekeza, anathawa. Saraksh iye opanda kuti lolingana, kotero akubisala Earth. Mu ndondomeko ya kufunafuna limakhulupirira amapereka zambiri za zimayambitsa choona cha phokoso za mofulumira Abalkina. Iwo likukhalira kuti adzaupereka kwa gulu la anthu, otchedwa foundling panopa ku mazira opezeka sarcophagus ndi pa dziko lakutali mu 2137.

KOMKON-2 ndi okayikira ndi anthu awa, chifukwa kuti mbiri ya chiyambi chawo bwino zikutanthauza kuti imapha Wanderers (chitukuko zamakono, zomwe amati nawo progressorstva pa mapulaneti ambiri). Ngakhale anthu a anthu, omwe kukula kwa mazira anapeza earthlings zonse ndi kulankhula komiti ufulu akadali kwambiri kuwawona iwo, kukhulupirira kuti anthu awa kunyamula kuopseza chobisika kwa anthu. Pali chiphunzitso, mmene zingasokoneze foundlings earthlings. Kuthawa Abalkina ndi atayesera kuthawa Sikorski sankaoneka ngati chitsimikiziro cha mfundo imeneyi.

Rudolph aipeza zosatheka kukhala sikutanthauza, iye amatsatira miyezo austerity ndipo akufuna kuthetsa choopsa mwa njira iliyonse. Limakhulupirira safuna iyi, imene anaopsezedwa foundling si kutsimikiziridwa, ndi kuyesera kutetezera Abalkina. Koma khama lawo konse ndi kwachabe, Leo, pakumva za chiyambi chake, akufuna kupeza choonadi, ndipo Sikorski, pamene adadziwa, monga kuopseza mwachindunji, kumupha. Choncho Max amaganizira za moyenera ndi progressorstva KOMKON ndi mphamvu chinsinsi chake, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku wa komiti komanso maganizo "Sikorski Syndrome" (kuopa progressorstva ndi Wanderers).

"The Wanderers Time"

kwa zaka zambiri. Limakhulupirira kale pa zaka kucha 89. Za moyo wake ndi ntchito pafupifupi theka zaka limatiuza tsikulo kuti Kammerer lankhosa nthawi zonse. Pambuyo zochitika kugwirizana ndi Sikorski, limakhulupirira kuganizira mozama za ntchito ya Wanderers Padziko Lapansi ndipo zotsatira zake zomwe zingachititse. Ndipotu, asayansi apeza anthu ena mayiko obisika ndipo superintelligence, zimene anthu alibe. Ndi mphamvu munthu kwasanduka lyudena, pafupifupi mtundu watsopano. Chotero Luden kupeza zazikulu, iwo alibe mtima anthu ndipo sangathe akukhala pakati pa anthu a anthu. Linaopseza anthu, ndi mwambi wakale ali otanganidwa kuvumbula chinsinsi gulu Luden Padziko Lapansi. Pomaliza, iye analowa m'malo ndi anthu amaganizo amodzi. Pambuyo buku la mfundo za kulowelera mu chitukuko cha anthu Luden kusiya Earth.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha khalidwe

Msana dziko, analengedwa ndi olemba mu 1962, anasonyeza pempho lonse la tsogolo lowala limene lakhala walonjezedwa kwa anthu Soviet. Ngwazi za dziko lino - yowala ndipo kwambiri makhalidwe anthu, olimbikitsa ophunzira, asayansi ndi ofufuza za chilengedwe cha. Iwo ali otanganidwa ndi kutsiriza tokha ndi dziko, wofunitsitsa kuthandiza mitundu ina kuti afike mlingo chomwecho. Popeza ankasewera pa kusiyana pakati pa Dziko Lapansi ndi XXII m'ma Saraksh, Arkady ndi Boris Strugatsky poyera n'kopanda pake za ulamuliro wankhanza. Iwo anawuka ndipo mutu wosatha wa chilengedwe cha magulu chifukwa cha anthu kuganizira za momwe moyo aione ku imfa yake.

Choncho, trilogy wa Zopatsa wa limakhulupirira Kammerer anali riveted chidwi cha kufufuza. Dzina lenileni la protagonist anali Rostislavsky, koma panalibe kucheza ndi zochitika zimene zinachitika mu zaka za kupondereza ku Soviet Union, kufufuza anafuna kusintha kwa German. Kenako, Arkady ndi Boris Strugatsky ndi mwayi kubwerera dzina loyamba ndi lomaliza kuti ngwazi, koma kenako anasiya lingaliro. Ponena za filimu anatengera a m'buku "lokhalamo Island", Boris Strugatsky ananena kuti chithunzicho chinali bwino, ndi kutsogolera munthu - Vasily Stepanov - yabwino Cholinga chifanizo cha limakhulupirira Kammerer.