Malipiro a malo ogulitsira ku Russia: kukula kwake, nthawi yeniyeni

Kuyamba kwa kusonkhanitsa malo ku Russia kwakhala phokoso lambiri mdziko lathu. Ndipo sizingathe kunenedwa kuti otsutsa okha "ochokera kwa anthu" anali otsutsa zatsopano. Mikangano inawonongeka m'madera onse, kuphatikizapo a Cabinet. Monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira mu "boma lachiwonetsero", mfundoyo inakhazikitsidwa ndi Pulezidenti V. Putin mwiniwake. Monga mukudziwira, pambuyo pa malingaliro ake onse kukambirana ndi mikangano kumasiya. Kodi ndalama zothandizira malo ku Russia ndi ziti? Nchifukwa chiyani chiri chofunikira, kodi chikhalidwe chake ndi chiyani? Tidzayesa kuyankha mafunso onsewa m'nkhaniyi.

Lingaliro la

Malipiro a malo ogulitsa ku Russia ndi oyenera kulandira msonkho kwa alendo omwe amabwera malo ena okaona malo. Cholinga chake ndikuteteza zowonongeka.

Kodi ndalama ziyenera kupita kuti?

Ndalama zonse zomwe zimachokera pamsonkhanowo zimangopita ku bajeti ya zovuta zomwe anthu ogwira ntchitoyi ali. Motero, zikuoneka kuti akuluakulu a bomawo anatsutsa kwambiri mawu ake oyambirira. Ndi chinthu chimodzi - kukhazikitsa msonkho watsopano womwe umapita ku Pakati, wina - kupereka malipiro omwe angapite patsogolo pa chitukuko cha malo enaake. Kutchuka kwa izi kumachepa, chifukwa chosonkhanitsa chatsopano sichipatsa aliyense kutchuka, koma ndalama sizinawonjezedwe. Chofunika kwambiri cha malipiro a malo osungiramo malo, omwe angakhale othandiza kuyambira pa March 1, 2017, ndi kuti ndalama zomwe zimachokera ku malowa ziyenera kukhala m'manja mwa malo ena ocherezera alendo ndipo ziyenera kupita ku:

1. Kusintha kwa malo osungiramo malo.
2. Kulipira ndalama zowateteza zachirengedwe.
3. Ntchito yopititsa patsogolo.
4. Kumangidwanso kwa malo okaona malo, zikumbutso, ndi zina zotero.

Ndicho chifukwa chake atsogoleri a madera omwe ali ndi maulendo akuluakulu oyendayenda amamuthandiza: Krasnodar Territory, Madera a Altai, madera a Golden Ring, ndi ena.

Watsopano - wonyalidwa bwino kwambiri?

Anthu a usinkhu wokalamba amadziwa kuti malo ogulitsa malo ku Russia, ndemanga pakati pa anthu wamba omwe amadandaula kwambiri, kale analipo kale. Anayambitsidwira mu 1991 - lamulo la RSFSR "Pa msonkho wapadera kwa anthu" - ndipo idatha mpaka 2004. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000. Anatengedwanso njira yochepetsera misonkho. Dziko "linachokera mumthunzi", mayendedwewa adalengezedwa bwino. Malipiro pa munthu aliyense anali ochepa, analibe ndalama zambiri. Anthu osadziwika sankadziwa kuti kulipo, ndipo adamva za izi pokhapokha atatha.

Lero chirichonse chiri chosiyana. Anthu ambiri akuzindikira kuti kuyambitsidwa kwa malipiro ndi misonkho, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zilipo. Pa nthawi ya mavuto azachuma komanso kuchepa kwa nzika zogula, madzulo a chisankho cha pulezidenti, sitepe imeneyi ikuyankhula za chidaliro chonse cha olamulira pazochita zawo.

Muli ndi zochuluka bwanji

Chidziwitso cha mndandanda watsopanowu ndikuti palibe ndalama zomwe olemba mapulogalamu athu sanazione. Mitengo yatsopano idzasiyanitsidwa - zigawo zidapatsidwa chifuniro chachuma ndi ufulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtengo wodulidwa wa kusonkhanitsa ndi ma ruble 50 mpaka 450 patsiku - kungotchula kumene kulibe mphamvu.

Mtengo wotsiriza udzadalira malo enieni okaona malo okaona malo ndi ma rate omwe akuluakulu a boma adzakhazikitsa. Akuluakulu a zigawo zokopa alendo, ogwirizanitsa mgwirizanowu, adagwirizanitsa ntchitoyi.

Kodi msonkhanowu umatanthauza chiyani?

Mwachizoloŵezi, malipiro opangira ku Russia adzatanthawuza chinthu chimodzi - kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa zilolezo. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, banja la anthu 4 lingathenso kuchoka pafupifupi 2,000 rubles tsiku pa malo athu otere. Onjezerani izi mu masiku 10-15 ndipo tidzakhala pafupifupi mtengo wa ulendo wowotentha ku Turkey.

Ndalama zamalonda sizinali kwa aliyense

Sidziwika mmene zinthu zidzakhalire mtsogolo, koma kuyambira pa March 1, 2017 adasankhidwa kulengeza malipiro a malo osungirako mayeso mu mayesero anayi:

1. Altai Territory.
2. Malo a Krasnodar.
3. Stavropol Territory.
4. Crimea.

Kukula kwa malo osonkhanitsira malo kumadera onse kudzadziimira okha, pamene iwo akuyesa kupanga zochepa momwe zingathere.

Altai Territory sanayambe kufotokozera maulendo ake pa msonkho, monga madera ena a mayesero, iwo atha kudziwa kale kukula kwake, anawerengera phindu lotheka. Utumiki wa Kumpoto kwa Caucasus akuyembekeza kulandila ma ruble 700 miliyoni mu nyengo yanyumba yatsopano, izi pamlingo wopitirira 150 rubles patsiku. Crimea imalengezanso kuti nthawi imodzi yamalipira ya ruble 300, mosasamala za chiwerengero cha masiku.

Ndipo ali bwanji?

Kuzoloŵera kusonkhanitsa malo kumakhala kofala m'mayiko ambiri oyendera alendo, koma osati onse. Onetsetsani kulipira ku France (1-3 euros), Egypt (madola 7), Spain ($ 0.7-2.5). Ku Turkey, Bulgaria ndi India, palibe ntchito zoterozo, koma Russia nthawi zonse amadalira zomwe zimachitika anthu omwe amakhoma misonkho komanso kupereka malipiro atsopano.

Osati njira yosavuta yoperekera malipiro

Chotsopano chatsopano ku bajeti zakumeneko chakhala ndi ufulu wokhalapo. Kubwerera mu 2011, Purezidenti Dmitry Medvedev adalamula kuti aphunzire za msonkho wapawo, kuti apange njira zoyenera. Ndiye lingaliro ili linakankhidwa ndi Kazembe wa Stavropol Territory. Ndiye akuluakulu a zachuma ndi a zachuma a madera osiyanasiyana adatsutsana ndi maganizo amenewa. Monga zifukwa, zinanenedwa kuti:

1. Kusasowa kochita bwino komanso kokwanira.
2. Maganizo olakwika pa zokopa alendo. Ndiye panalibe funso lalekanitsidwa kulikonse popita kunja, kulowetsa m'malo mmalo, zoletsedwa ndi zotsutsana, ndi pempho la kukonda dziko. Nzika zathu zinasankha tikiti yotentha ku Turkey mmalo mwa Krasnodar Territory, chifukwa inali yotchipa kwambiri, ndipo ntchitoyo ndi yabwino. Tsopano, ndi kuwonetsa, mavuto azachuma ndi ndale ku Russia ndi dziko lapansi, kuchepa kumeneku kukukulirakulira, ndipo posachedwapa, ntchito yokopa alendo idzawonjezeka kwambiri.
3. Kusonkhanitsa koteroko, malinga ndi akuluakulu ambiri, kungapangitse mipangidwe yambiri ya imvi ndi ziphuphu. Kupirira ndi kulimbikira kumene lingaliroli limalimbikitsidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma limapereka chifukwa choganizira.

Zirizonse zomwe zinali, koma malingaliro a Medvedev anali "otayika" mu Utumiki wa Zamalonda. Dmitry Kozak, Pulezidenti Wachiwiri, adayesa kuti adziwe zomwe zinachitika mu April, ndipo kale mu May, Ministry of Finance inapanga chisankho chomaliza. Dokotala uyu DA Medvedev ndipo adatha ngati purezidenti. Nthawi yotsatira yomwe adaikumbukira mu September 2014 ku International Economic Forum.

Mu Meyi 2015, boma lakana kale kukamba kwa a Senators Evgeny Bushminov, Sergei Ryabukhin, Vladimir Petrov. Komabe, palibe utumiki umodzi womwe unali nawo chidwi: ngakhale Rospotrebnadzor, kapena Ministry of Finance, kapena Ministry of Economic Development. Akuluakulu a boma adaganiza kuti ndalamazo zidzakhala zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa malipiro awo. Mwinamwake, mwa njira iyi, akuluakulu adawonetsa kuti alibe chikhumbo chogwira ntchito m'madera ena kwaulere, chifukwa ndalama zonse zidzathera pansi.

Pali mndandanda - palibe ntchito

Kulimbana ndi oyendetsa ndege. Chotsutsana chachikulu ndi kuwonetsa kosayenera kwa ogula. Izi ndizomveka: mungathe bwanji kulandira malipiro ena omwe mulibe zofanana ndi zofanana ndi Turkey. Ndalama zofunikira zowonongedwa kwa maofesi omwe alipo alipo zimasonkhanitsidwa pamalipiro otero patatha zaka zingapo. Chotsatira chake, oyamba oyendayenda adzabwezera ena omwe adzabwera kuno zaka zingapo pambuyo pake. Izi, kuziyika mofatsa, ndi zosalungama ndipo ngakhale, wina anganene, kusagwirizana ndi malamulo.

Mpikisanowu ukupitirirabe

M'chaka cha 2015, Association of Tour Operators (ATOR) inanena kuti polojekiti yoyendetsa ndege idzaonekera ku Stavropol Territory. Lamulo limavomerezedwa ndi Utumiki wa ku North Caucasus Affairs. Amapereka mlingo wokwanira wa mabasiketi 50-100. Ndalama ziyenera kupita kulipira hotelo ndi nyumba yopangira nyumba pambuyo pake. Panthawi imeneyo, panalibe kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa zilolezo chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa chiyankhulo chatsopano.

Mu April 2016, Ministry of Economic Development imapereka chigamulo cholakwika pazochitikazi. Chotsutsana chachikulu ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa voucher popanda kusamala bwino ndalama. Tangoganizani banja lina la anthu anayi kwazaka ziwiri lidzapereka pafupifupi 8.5,000 rubles, ndipo ndalamazi sizidzadziwika. Sitingathe kuyembekezera kuti popanda kuyang'aniridwa bwino, ndalama izi zidzapita patsogolo pa chitukuko chisanafike penipeni. Malinga ndi a Ministry of Economic Development, ndalama izi zidzakhazikitsidwa muzinthu zoyera za boma za akuluakulu a boma.

Mawu otsiriza kwa purezidenti

Vladimir Putin anathandizira kuyambika kwa malo osonkhanitsira malo. Pambuyo pake, zotsutsana za akuluakulu onse m'mabungwe onse nthawi yomweyo zinasiya. Ntchitoyi inakhala yopindulitsa, komanso yopindulitsa, komanso yolondola. M'malo mwa dera limodzi loyendetsa ndege, zinayi zinayambika. Malipiro a malo ogulitsira ku Russia, akuweruza ndi ndondomeko, kuchokera ku ruble 300 kamodzi mpaka ma ruble 450. Patsiku pa munthu aliyense.