Mary Stuart - mkazi ndi mfumukazi

Mary Stuart anali mmodzi wa akazi otchuka Scotland, ndi kuphedwa kwake mu 1587 - ndi Tsoka pa moyo wa dziko.

Iye anabadwa pa December 8, 1542. Mfumukazi tsogolo anakulira m'nyumba French, kuchokera m'zinenero ubwana kuphunzira ndi luso. Ndili ndi zaka 14, iye anakwatira Dauphin la France - Francis II. Atangobadwa ukwati kunapezeka kuti ufulu wa mpando English. Chokha wolowa anali Maria, kupita mu mzere wolunjika ku Henry VII. Koma British litapita kukamenyana French "wofooka", anthu odzitcha Chikatolika, osati Chiprotestanti. Choncho, pa mpando wachifumu, mwana wamkazi wa Henry VIII - Elizabeth.

Komabe, Mary Stuart sanasinthe zokhumba kulamulira England. Anatenga odula manja England, kaphatikizidwe ndi choyimira cha Scotland. Elizabeth komanso akhadakhondana nthaŵi kuti zinachitikadi mu dziko. Mu 1560 anamwalira François II, ndipo iye amayenera kubwerera ku Scotland. Pambuyo mwanaalirenji Louvre umphawi ndi dziko nkhanza kumabweretsa angst ake. Ndipo Mariya analola yekha kudziyalutsa ndi Shatelarom mfulu.

Mary Stuart, amene yonena imavuta ndi chikondi, chikudziwika ngati munthu wolemekezeka ndi zachikazi wolamulira, yemwe ankakhala mtima, kuposa zofuna za ndale. Iye anakana kupereka dzanja la mwana, Spanish, mfumu ya Sweden ndi Denmark mafumu ndipo mwadzidzidzi "analumpha" wokwatiwa Ambuye Darnley. zinthu Political anaperekedwa nsembe kukonda. Darnley anali Scion a nyumba yachifumu ya Tudors ndi Stuarts. Koma ukwati chinatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Maria ndi anthu ake anachotsedwa likulu ndi mwamuna wake anayamba wokonda - Earl Boswell. Iye ankadziwa kuti Papa sanapereke chilolezo kwa banja lathu, choncho kudutsa ankakopa Darnley ku likulu, kumene anaphedwa. Pambuyo pake, okonda kukwatira, ngakhale kuti shotlantsy ndinaganiza Boswell wakupha Darnley. Udalowa anthu ndi Mfumukazi. anam'galukira - Mary Stuart analandidwa, napulumuka Boswell.

Ambuye anamaliza mfumukazi mu chinyumba Lohleven kukhonda kusaina abdication. Mfumu anakhala mwana wake James VI. Patapita nthawi, mfumukazi ukapolo atalowa ku woyikidwa "m'ndende" ndipo liukitsidwa asilikali, koma anagonjetsedwa. Mary anathawira ku England mu chiyembekezo cha anapempha thandizo kwa Elizabeti. Koma Ndipotu iye anali wolemekezeka ukapolo ku England, mwana wake anakana izo.

zaka naintini iye anatsogolera wodzichepetsa ndi wopanda chisangalalo moyo m'dziko lachilendo, ndipo kenako pa ulendo wina. Mary ankathandiza Babington chiwembu Elizabeth. Koma anapezeka ndi Mary - mlandu mogwirizana. Elizabeth (ngakhale movutikira orgomnoe) anaganiza kulemba n'kumupha msuweni. Mary Stuart sanapemphe am'chitire. Chilango wokha, umene unachitika February 8 1587, anafotokoza kwambiri Stefan Tsveyg.

Pa mbiri mfumukazi Kalanga anatembenuka ntchito yake, olemba ambiri. Pa analemba Schiller ( "Mary Stuart"), amene anapereka owerenga ake, osati monga wolamulira wamkulu, koma ngati mkazi - wochenjera, maganizo, oopsa, yemwe malingaliro kupewedwa ake kukhala ogwira chairwoman. Iye anali amphamvu ndi cholinga. Iye anali munthu, amene anapanga chithunzi wake wotchuka, wokongola komanso oyenera tcheru nthawi zonse.