Mawu akuti "Stolypin tayi": izo zikutanthauza?

Pyotr Stolypin anali States, wokonzanso kwambiri. Iye anabadwa mu 1862 ku Dresden ndipo anamwalira mu Kiev mu 1911. Nthawi zina, Stolypin unachitikira maudindo osiyanasiyana. Kotero, iye anali chigawo polimbana wa anthu otchuka Kovno ndi Grodno Saratov Bwanamkubwa, Nduna ndi Nduna ya malamulo mkati.

mbiri yamoyo ndi maphunziro

Mu mbiri ya Russia m'zaka za m'ma 20 Stolypin anadziwika monga States ndi wokonzanso. yofunika kwambiri udindo wake unali mu yimitsira zipolowe mu 1905-1907. Mu 1906, Nicholas II, adamuonetsa malo mtumiki wa mfundo mkati. Patapita nthawi kuti anali kusungunuka ndi boma ndi boma Duma wa convocation choyamba. Stolypin nayenso anasankhidwa kukhala nduna yaikulu. Pa udindo wake watsopano, umene unachitikira mpaka imfa anakhala ndi ngongole zochepa. Mu mbiri ya nthawi imeneyi ikusonyezedwa monga kusintha agrarian. The zili zazikulu za kusintha munali kumayambiriro umwini patokha alimi dziko. Lamulo anatengera pa mabwalo-asilikali anali omangika chilango cha milandu yoopsa kwambiri. Kenako, Stolypin anali amawanena kuti chinthu chimodzimodzi ndi. Mwa ntchito zina kuti chichitike, Nduna, ndi Dziwani oyamba zemstvos ku zigawo kumadzulo Kuchepetsa kudziyimira pawokha wa Grand Duchy la Finland, ndi kuvunda kwa Duma Chachiwiri, kusintha malamulo visola. kusintha zonsezi chinathandiza yimitsira zipolowe mu 1905-1907. Ndi Peter Abramovich ntchito anamanga mawu awiri akhala mapiko: "Stolypin tayi" ndi "Stolypin ophimba". ziŵiri, molingana ndi azambiriyakale, kuwononga dzina la wokonzanso lapansi. Tiyeni tione zimene zinachititsa amenewa maganizo.

"Stolypin tayi"

Izi akuti otchuka kalekale kudetsa dzina lalikulu Russian ntsogoleri. Peter Arkadevich kusiyana ndi luso lawo makupeka. Osangopereka anatsimikizira pa misonkhano ya Duma. Pa mmodzi wa iwo, ndi chionetsero cha "tayi Stolypin a". chaka chimene chochitika zinachitika - 1907. Msonkhano unachitikira pa November 17 (nkhani zakale.). Mlembi mawu oti "Stolypin tayi" (chithunzi wokonzanso anapereka m'nkhani) - Fedor Rodichev. Izi cadet wotchuka ndiye anakwera pamalo olankhulira. Chiyambi cha mawu ake anachititsa chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa mwa aphungu. Kupitiriza mawu ake, Rodichev kunadetsa anapsa mtima wake. Ndipo nawo mtima anakumbukira mawu akuti "Muravyevsky kolala" Purishkevich. Inali ntchito ya General Muravyov kugwirizana ndi liquidation wa kugalukira Polish mu 1863. Malinga ndi mawu olembedwa a msonkhano ukachitikire, ndiye Rodichev anati: "Kodi umatchedwa Muravievskaya kolala adzakhala kenako limatchedwa kuti" tayi Stolypin a "KUFOTOKOZERA amene anapereka Rodichev, ankaganiza chingwe cha zokoloweka ya ..

ziwanga anachita

Pa holo yomweyo inadutsa yoweyula latsopano la mkwiyo. Ziwanga kulikonse kufuula kuti asiye chinyengo chipongwe Mfumu womuimira. Ndiyeno ena a iwo anapita olankhulira ndipo anayesetsa kukakamiza iye kumpolozera Rodicheva. Ziwanga anali osiyana maganizo zandale ndi malingaliro. Komabe, ngakhale, iwo onse anafotokoza maganizo oipa kwambiri nkhaniyi. Cadet ndipo wakhala kudzudzulidwa ndi Purishkevich. Chifukwa, gawo Duma inasokoneza. Pa kulira woyamba wa wotumbululuka ndi kukwiya Stolypin udatuluka mwa bwalo. Tcheyamani wa Duma Khomyakov ndi atumiki namtsata Iye.

"Motero, amakhala atatopa"

Stolypin, monga fuko lomveka, pa yopuma anapereka azungu kovuta kwa duel a. Atangolandira uthenga Rodichev anathamangira kwa Peter Arkadevichu ndi pamaso pa mboni zambiri kupepesa analapa upandu. Stolypin anakhululukira cadet. Pa nkhani imeneyi wakhala kuthetsedwa. Uthenga wa chikhululukiro Rodicheva wokongola msanga anayenda mozungulira ziwanga, popeza anabweretsa kuletsa atumwiwo. Komabe, Malinga okha, zitachitika izi, Stolypin sadzamwanso dzanja lake Rodichev. Duma yomweyo anachita. Pakuti mawu ake "Stolypin tayi" Rodichev inachotsedwa misonkhano 15.

"Mfundo za wokonzanso ndi"

Motero akanatha kungokhala gawo la mbiri. Komabe, nkhani anayamba moyo wanga. Ndi kuzipeleka kwa Bolsheviks, mawu akuti "Stolypin tayi" ndi chilango cha zigamulo anthu osalakwa Makhotiwa-asilikali, amene anapereka udindo wokonzanso lapansi. Mu umodzi mwa nkhani zake analemba za Petre Arkadeviche ngati "hangmen akulu ndi pogrom opanga, odikira kuti unduna amazunza anthu wamba."

mbiri zina

Mosakayikira, Bolsheviks asakhululukire Stolypin enactment a karate makhoti, amene anayesa kuzimitsa malawi wopanduka, kuletsa looting ndi chiwawa cha ulimi wa 1905-1907. Komanso, kusintha sachedwa isanayambike kupanduka kwa 1917. Pamene Soviet mphamvu nthano amasocera, nataya buku lina mbiri mu zina. Mawu akuti "Stolypin tayi" mchikakamizo ulamuliro wa chikominisi wakhala mutsatire. Pa nthawi ina, Peter Abramovich ntchito kusintha lonse anachepetsedwa yekha mawu amenewa. Mu njira imeneyi, mawu akuti "kumanga Stolypin", makamaka, ndi lidakalipobe mpaka lero.

kafukufuku Opinion

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mmodzi wa Intaneti chikhalidwe za mbiri chenicheni cha maonekedwe a mawu oti "Stolypin tayi" kudziwa% 22 okha amene anafunsidwa. 9% amene anafunsidwa ankaona kuti mu mawonekedwe wokwiya ndi anthu ochepa chachikulu kupondereza, mwachidule ndi macheke "Kukwera" malo. 9% amene anafunsidwa ponena kuti anali mmaonekedwe pa nthawi ya tayi, amene anasenza Stolypin. Pafupifupi 49% amene anafunsidwa ankaona kuti njira wokonzanso omangika ndi omangika pa mantha.

"Stolypin ngolo"

Izi ndi nthano ina, relentlessly zotsatirazi dzina la wokonzanso lapansi. Mu njira ya ntchito yomwe inakhazikitsidwa Stolypin anapereka zofunika kwambiri m'madera a kum'mawa kwa ufumu. Kulankhula mu 1908, pa March 31, boma Duma pa msonkhano pa kuthekera kwa Ntchito yomanga njanji Amur, ananena kuti Russia ndi chizindikiro cha mphungu mitu iwiri. Iye amayang'ana kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Kuwonjezera pa mfundo yakuti osakwatiwa-ozungulira mbalame ndi amphamvu, Stolypin Koma ananena kuti, ngati kudula mutu wina, mphungu mitu iwiri sichikwiya wamphamvu, izo basi umawawukhira. Pamodzi ndi waukulu kasamalidwe kulamulira dziko ndi ulimi Krivoshein, Peter Abramovich mu 1910, iye anapanga ulendo anayendera ku dera Volga ndi Western Siberia.

wokonzanso Policy

Zochitikachitika ndi ulemu kwa Siberia Stolypin anali kulimbikitsa kusamuka kwa m'gawo lake ufulu wa anthu wamba m'madera European. lamuloli linali mbali ya kusintha agrarian. Chifukwa, mu Siberia, anasamukira pafupifupi 3 miliyoni anthu. M'dera Altai mu njira ya kusintha kwa idamangidwa zoposa 3400 midzi. Anakakhala anthu oposa 600 000, zomwe nkhani za 22% ya anthu a chigawo lonse. Alendowa wamba adalowa makope za 3.4 miliyoni dessiatines m'dziko kanthu.

alimi mayendedwe

Mu 1910, magalimoto apadera anamanga odzafuna malo. Iwo anali wosiyana alipidwa. kusiyana panali gawo la ophimba kudutsa m'lifupi chonse wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kumbali. Mulungu anafuna kuti ophimba pa wamba katundu ndi ziweto. Kenako, mkubwela kwa mphamvu Soviet, grids anaiika nyimbo pa zenera. ngolo akhala ntchito mowakakamiza kutumiza cams ndi ena "zinthu odana ndi chosintha" mu Central Asia ndi ku Siberia.

maganizo Solzhenitsyn

M'buku lake "The Gulag Archipelago," wolemba limafotokoza mbiri ya magalimoto amenewa. Tikumbukenso kuti Solzhenitsyn - kuonera Stolypin. Kuteteza wokonzanso, m'mabuku ake, iye anayesa kuthetsa nthano alipo zokhudza dzina la Peter Abramovich. Mmalo mwa mawu akuti "Stolypin" wolemba anaganiza "Stalinist" galimoto. Choncho, pali molakwa wa zolinga zabwino wa okonzanso. Komabe, ngati Stolypin akhoza duel Rodicheva kwa chipongwe ndiye kusiya mabodza iye silinalinso mphamvu.

pomaliza

Zosiyana, kulankhula za Stolypin, ndi ulemu wapadera ikunenedwa mosaopa wake. Pa wokonzanso anali anakonza, ndipo ntchito zake zonse khumi anaphedwa. Wotsirizayo zinachitika mu Kiev. Wokonzanso zipolopolo wotchedwa Dmitry Bagrov. Pa kuyesa izi, Stolypin n'kufa. Patapita masiku angapo, Peter Abramovich anafa. Activities Stolypin unali wofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha ufumuwo. kusintha wake m'gulu mbiri monga mmodzi wa yabwino kwambiri. mawu ambiri Stolypin kulankhula nawo pa misonkhano ya Duma, anakhala mapiko.