Mbiri ya buku "Oblomov". Kaperekedwe Oblomov

Roman Goncharov a "Oblomov" - zofunika ntchito mabuku Russian ya theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX. Buku ili kumvetsa woona wa omwe ali okhwima, pang'onopang'ono kumvetsa tanthauzo lake ndi zilembo. The mbali yaikulu ntchito - wamng'ono mwinimunda Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Ena angaitchule Oblomov woganiza ndakatulo, winayo - ndi nzeru zapamwamba, ndi ena - chabe aulesi. Komabe, palibe view umodzi wa chifaniziro cha Oblomov, zimene kwathunthu ndi holistically anafotokoza kuti monga munthu. wowerenga amene amatha kuganiza ndi kuganiza, adzapanga mwa iye maganizo ake payekha.

Mbiri ya "Oblomov" buku

Ivan Goncharov analenga "Oblomov" mchikakamizo cha zokumana wapadera ndi malingaliro. Roman sizinayambe mwadzidzidzi, mwadzidzidzi, monga kuyankha malingaliro wolemba ndekha. Mbiri ya buku "Oblomov" Mosakaikira akusokoneza umboni kwambiri pa mlengalenga ambiri ntchito, imene nkhani udzachitika ndi kusuntha. lingaliro anabadwa pang'onopang'ono, kodi ndi nyumba zidutswa za nyumba yaikulu. Kutatsala "Oblomov" Goncharov linalembedwa buku "ikuthamangira Bolesta", amene anali ngati maziko kwa chilengedwe cha buku la.

Chirengedwe cha "Oblomov" buku chikugwirizana ndi mavuto umoyo ndale ku Russia. Pakuti nthawi kunapezeka kuti zogwirizana kwambiri njira chidwi mwininyumba simungathe paokha udindo miyoyo yawo amene, kusankha udindo. Ganizo chachikulu cha ntchito anali maganizo a wotsutsa Belinsky, amene anachita chidwi ndi Romana wake woyamba Goncharova - "An Nkhani Wamba". Belinsky anafotokoza kuti mabuku Russian kale anayambika chifanizo cha "munthu superfluous", amene sangathe atengere zenizeni momuzungulira, chomwe chilibe phindu kwa anthu. Uyu - ndi freethinker, woonda kumverera wolota, ndakatulo ndi nzeru za anthu. Romanticism mu chikhalidwe chake, amagwirizana ndi kwambiri chilichonse, ulesi ndi mphwayi. Choncho, mbiri ya "Oblomov" buku la chikukhudzana ndi mavuto azandale ndipo amasonyeza moyo wa anthu otchuka a theka lachiwiri la m'zaka za m'ma XIX.

Maganizo ndi compositional chigawo chimodzi

Buku idzafotokoza anayi, omwe kwathunthu limasonyeza mkhalidwe wa khalidwe waukulu ndi kulingaliranso kusintha chikuchitika mu moyo wake: limp, aulesi kukhalapo; wasinthika mtima ndi mwauzimu, makhalidwe kulimbana, ndipo potsiriza akufa. imfa yathupi - zotsatira, umene umabwera Ilya Ilyich. Mbiri ya "Oblomov" buku anatsindika kulephera ngwazi kuti kupitirira vuto lakelo wake ndi kusafuna ntchito iliyonse.

M'mlengalenga m'nyumba ya Oblomov

Sadzachitanso analowa kuchipinda kumene anagona pakama, Ilya Ilyich, angapezeke m'katikati, dongosolo la zinthu zosaneneka za kufanana kwa mwini yekha: kulikonse kuona fumbi, unmade mbale chakudya. udindo Oblomov mu buku "Oblomov" khalidwe limene imalongosola. Izo zimasonyeza chitsanzo cha moyo, imbaenda ku imfa yauzimu.

Oblomov si ndinazolowera moyo, maonekedwe ake lonse ndi makhalidwe khumbo awo kubisa, kuzemba chenicheni ogwetsa: nsapato zake zinali lonse ndipo anaima pafupi Sofa, kotero kuti "nthawi yomweyo muli nawo"; mkanjo kotero lonse ndi mfulu, kuti "Oblomov ndipo akhoza awiri kukulunga." Zahar mtumiki monga mbuye wake: kamodzinso kutuluka mphasa kwa ft wake mu zipinda oyera - sangaganize nkhawa ndi kukangana. Zahar anataya maganizo ake omwe, iye amadziwa "mbuye" kuyambira ukhanda, chifukwa nthawizina akulola kutsutsana naye.

Kodi mbali yaikulu?

Kaperekedwe Oblomov mu buku "Oblomov" lomwe kuti owerenga pa tsamba loyamba kwambiri. Ilya Ilyich - chilengedwe mochenjera kumva amphwayi, m'maganizo, koma potsutsa ntchito iliyonse. Kupita kwa izo ndi yovuta, iye sanafune ndipo sanayese kusintha chinachake mu miyoyo yawo. Abweretsa anali wabwinobwino, mwachizolowezi boma, ndi kukweza Oblomov ku bedi, zinayenera kuchitika mwa mwambo wamba. Kufunika lembani ntchito pepala tinamubowa iye, Akaganiza kuchoka nyumba ya kusokonezedwa ndi ogwetsa. Komabe, mmalo mwa kukhala ndi khama chifuniro, maganizo ndiponso kuchita zimene anali kuchita, Iye akupitiriza kutumikira Mulungu.

"N'chifukwa chiyani ndili?"

Kaperekedwe Oblomov mu "Oblomov" buku amasonyeza lingaliro chachikulu cha ntchito - kugwa kwa zolinga khalidwe la ngwazi ndi kufa pang'onopang'ono. Oblomov a Dream zikusonyeza owerenga magwero a ofooka-akadafuna khalidwe Ili Ilicha. Mu maloto, ngwazi azindikire yekha yaing'ono Oblomovka kumudzi kwawo komwe iye anabadwa ndipo ndinakulira. Monga mwana, ankayesetsa kuteteza ku moyo weniweniwo: saloledwa kusiya nyumba chisanu ndi chisanu, kukwera mpanda, anaphunzira yekha m'masiku amenewo, pamene pali phwando, ndipo milandu ali ambiri amene "sikuthandiza ndi ulendo." The chakudya chinali mwambo pano anakonda maholide wokutidwa ndi matebulo lalikulu.

Oblomov odzipereka m'mudzi mbadwa ya kukopa, anakhala mbali ya kukhalapo, zimene zinachititsa anthu ake. "Oblomovism" - chotsatira cha kuzindikira kwa dziko lapansi; kupita ndi otaya ndi, apo akudzuka kuchokera mumtima, wosakhazikika tulo. Udindo wa Oblomov mu "Oblomov" buku chachikulu ndi yofunika: mupeze vuto la kuiwala umunthu wauzimu, Kutha mwatsatanetsatane tsiku komanso kusafuna moyo.

Oblomov ndi Stolz

The wapamtima yekha bwenzi Ili Ilicha moyo anali ndi anakhalabe Andrei Ivanovich Stolz. Ngakhale kusiyana mu zilembo za pa ubwana wawo womangidwa pa ubwenzi wolimba. Stolz yogwira, amphamvu, nthawi zonse mu zochitika pa msewu. Iye miniti sangathe kukhala mu malo amodzi: kayendedwe - akamanena za chikhalidwe chake. Iye lakwaniritsa kwambiri mu zikomo moyo achitapo kunja, koma kwambiri zokumana ndakatulo nacho. Stolz wakonda kuti ndimalota, koma kuchita.

Oblomov amphwayi, sadziwa mphamvu, ngakhale chakuti anayamba kuwerenga buku (nthawi zambiri ndi kugona kwa masabata angapo pa gome). Andakatulo poona m'maganizo mwake, kudzutsidwa mu moyo wa kayendedwe ka maganizo ndi m'malingaliro koma kupitirira maganizo amenewa sanakumanepo anayenda. Timamva bwanji chikhalidwe chake, koma kanthu kukhala iwo mopitirira. zilembo zake anyamata, anthu awiriwa n'zogwirizana zina, ankapereka umodzi wogwirizana lonse.

chikondi mayeso

A zimakhudza kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha Ili Ilicha ndi zilembo zazikulu za buku la. Oblomov anauziridwa ndi mtima kuti Olge Ilinskoy, anapanga pa nthawi kusiya dziko awo momasuka ndipo adzatuluka mu kunja, wodzala ndi mitundu ndi kumva moyo. Ngakhale kuti Olga zambiri anali anaseka pa Oblomov, ine kukhulupirira kuti iye ndi kwambiri aulesi ndi amphwayi, munthuyo anali wachikondi wake ndi pafupi.

Awo okongola ndi momvetsa olimbikitsa chikondi nkhani agwedeza, amalenga mu moyo Ndikumva chisoni, kukoma kuwawa. Oblomov wadzikwaniritsa osayenera chikondi, chifukwa analemba Olga chowawa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo akumusokoneza kalata. Tikhoza kuganiza kuti ali ndi presentiment a chotupa pafupi, koma mfundo imeneyi m'malo limasonyeza unavailability Ili Ilicha kutenga maganizo kwa iwo okha, ndikukayika ndi woyenera chikondi atsikana. The ngwazi ndi mantha ndipo adzandipachika sanayese n'komwe kupanga maganizo Olga. M'kalatamo analemba kuti chikondi chake akukonzekera m'njira za m'tsogolo, koma sakonda yokha. Pomaliza, ngwazi ndi ufulu: kenako Olga anavomereza kuti iye amene iye anamkonda "tsogolo la Oblomov", anakulitsa mwa iye lingaliro la kuthekera kwa chikondi chatsopano.

N'chifukwa chiyani chikondi Olga Elias sanali kupulumutsa Oblomov?

Mkubwela kwa Olga ndi Oblomov Zikuoneka kukwezedwa kwa bedi, koma kwa nthawi, kuti athe kufotokoza kusirira kwa dona wamng'ono wokongola ndi mtsikana. maganizo ake ali oona mtima ndi amphamvu, koma alibe mphamvu mtima.

M'malo kuthetsa nkhani kukanikiza zokhudzana ndi nyumba ndipo zokonzekera ukwati, Oblomov akadali kutsekedwa kwa moyo. Masana amagona kapena akuwerenga mabuku, amapita kwa mkwati kawirikawiri akugwiritsa udindo chimwemwe chawo alendo: kufunsa ena kuti apempherere za nyumba ya, kuthetsa nkhani ndi mangawa Oblomovka.

Bukuli amakhalabe masiku ano?

Mbiri ya buku "Oblomov" ndi yogwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika m'mbiri ya zaka 50-60 ndi wabwino chipilala wolemekezeka anthu za m'ma XIX. owerenga Modern m'buku ukhale wa nkhani chidwi kuti ndi wosatha mu chirengedwe. Izi kusankha komwe moyo, chikondi mzere, nzeru ndi maganizo. Ngwazi za buku "Oblomov" ndi osiyana, koma iwo ali anthu onse okhalapo, ndi munthu makhalidwe. Aliyense ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa, zikhulupiriro zawo, maganizo dziko. Mwachitsanzo, Andrey Shtolts mokwanira wofuna, udzafunidwa kwa iwowo ndiponso anthu ena, Olga Ilinskaya - chikhalidwe chikondi, omwe si mlendo kwa ndakatulo ndi nyimbo, Zahar sanasokonezedwe ndi waulesi.

wowerenga kumvetsa choonadi chooneka chimene chimabweretsa makhalidwe buku. Oblomov Mavuto zisawombere imene linasokonekera kuli wake wapadziko lapansi, ndipo anafooka, chidwi maganizo ndi moyo, kuti Iye yekha. moyo zofunika Kodi kugona, akuletsani pachabe, ndi kuzindikira zomwenso ake kudzera mawonetseredwe zosiyanasiyana monga ntchito, luso losiyanasiyana ndiponso chikhalidwe, wosangalala.