Nazi. Chinali chiyani icho ndi mmene zinatheka?

Nazi ... chimene icho? Chivumbulutso? Zikuvutitsa kudana mtundu wonse? Ichi ndi choopsa upandu "bulauni mliri" ndi anthu. Chipangizo m'chiwonongeko ndi kupulula anthu wonse. mwambo umenewu - wamba anthu tsoka.

Koyamba "chipiyoyo" monga akuti anamugwiritsa ntchito khumi zoyambirira za m'ma XX. Mu mawu tsiku ndi tsiku moyo anachokera malemba Greek m'Baibulo ndipo limatanthauza 'nsembe yopsereza. " Dzinali lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekezera pogroms Ayuda, kuti chiwembuchi a ku Armenia mu Ottoman. Kenako, ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro wa Hitler mu Germany, anamubweretsa kwa moyo rassenschande zochokera maganizo ukhondo mitundu. Kwenikweni ake anali kugawanitsa anthu pa nthumwi za mbuye mpikisano, ndi zinthu za mitundu otsika. Panafunika ndi kusankha yoyenera. Iye kunena kuthamangitsa, chifukwa njira yolera yotseketsa, chiwonongeko cha anthu a gulu la "zosalongosoka": Anthu olumala lathupi ndi maganizo, Majipise, Asilavo, Ayuda otsutsa ndale, amuna ndi ing'onoing'ono ena ndi magulu. Izi malamulo, methodically bungwe opaleshoni kupha anthu lotchedwa "ulamuliro wa Nazi." ndi mfundo imeneyi imagwira mungasankhe mosamala ndi elaboration mwatsatanetsatane za miyeso umalimbana kwenikweni chiwonongeko chotheratu cha anthu wonse chiyani?

Ayuda Nazi wakhala anafotokoza mu mabuku Eli Vizelya, wolemba Ayuda, anadutsa helo Auschwitz ndi Buchenwald. Pambuyo buku lake loyamba, "Dziko linali chete", lofalitsidwa mu 1956, mawu akuti "chipiyoyo" anayamba kulemba ndi likulu kalata.

Chiyambireni ulamuliro wa Nazi chinazikidwa zozunzirako, kumene kutumiza Ayuda, Majipise ndipo akuvutika ena a mitundu komanso tsankho. Kulamulira zinthu zinalengedwa mwa msasa ntchito yaukapolo, ndi ghetto kwa Ayuda. Pakuti Ayuda anatengedwa zina za anthu anachita m'misasa polumikizira. Yaikulu chiwerengero cha iwo opareshoni mu Germany ndi ku madera azigwira.

Mu 1938, dziko padagwedezeka ndi zochitika "Kristallnacht." Zinali pogrom mgwirizano pakati pa Ayuda ambiri amene akhala amalumala kapena kufa, zikwi anatumizidwa ku ndende ndende.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, wapadera Chilango mayunitsi, otchedwa Einsatzgruppen, namtsata asilikali kugwira ntchito pa awonongedwe Unyinji wa magulu m'munsi, kuphatikizapo Ayuda ndi Majipise. M'magawo mukukhala, mazanamazana a anthu anawomberedwa, wotumidwa ghettos ndi m'misasa imfa.

Pa mapeto a nkhondo a SS pofuna kupewa kumasulidwa ndi anagwirizana amakakamiza ambiri akaidi anasamukira kuguba kwawo phazi ndi sitima. Awa anali otchedwa "imfa akulowera." Mpaka 7 May 1945 anapitiriza ngati Nazi. Kodi izi Zinali? Zinali chiwonongeko dala Ayuda, amene lagawidwa masiteji atatu. Ndi 1940, anakonza kuthetsa funso Ayuda ndi kuchotsedwa misa ku Germany ndi madera ena wotanganidwa za izo. Gawo lachiwiri anali chiyambi cha ndende ya Ayuda onse ghetto, amene anatsegula mu Poland ndi zina zigawo kum'mawa wotanganidwa ndi Germany. Mpaka 1942. Siteji yachitatu ikukhudza njira lomaliza la funso la Ayuda, akamanena za amene ali mu dongosolo la chiwonongeko thupi la anthu.

anthu anaphedwa, chikhalidwe chawo cha Ayuda, anawononga kukumbukira mbali yapadera imeneyi ya chikhalidwe cha kum'mawa kwa Ulaya. M'lingaliro Anazi bwinobwino kuthetsa funso Ayuda.

Kodi ine mwanjira kumvetsa Nazi? Ndi chiyani icho? Anti-Semitism pa nthawi chibadidwe mu German misa chikumbumtima, kapena chiwonongeko zilonda chibadidwe mu mtundu wa anthu? Ngati mmasate, ndi anthu achiyuda anali pafupifupi mamiliyoni 8 ndi mapeto a nthawi ya "nsembe zopsereza," iye atachoka anafika 2 miliyoni. Pamodzi ndi Ayuda "bulauni mliri" m'manda nthumwi za mayiko ena. Iwo anali ndi njala, kuzunzidwa, ngakhale kuphedwa oposa mamiliyoni 31 Asilavo mpaka 500 zikwi Roma.

M'misasa lalikulu imfa inali ku Poland. Mmodzi wa maudindo apamwamba luso ndi chiwonongeko cha anthu anali msasa ku Auschwitz, ndi Auschwitz (mu German). Apa tsiku lina mu crematoria ndi zipinda mpweya anapha anthu 12 sauzande.

January 27 mmodzi wa m'misasa waukulu ndende ya imfa wamasulidwa. Lero mu January wakhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi mirandu yowopsya ndi anthu mu mbiriyakale, ndipo kenako ananena tsiku la chikumbutso kwa akuvutika chifukwa cha Nazi.

Mu 2005, chipilala ukanakhala kuti Nazi anavutika mawonekedwe a mwala kukhotakhota chinamasulidwa mu Berlin, analenga zoposa 2,700 slabs konkire osiyanasiyana msinkhu. Kudutsa pakati pa iwo, inu mukuzindikira kuti m'malo ovuta kupeza njira yothetsera. Chotero dongosolo P. Eisenman, ndi American wamanga, momveka amachititsa adzadabwitsa ndi nkhawa. Kuti pa nthawi imene nkhondo Ayuda - iwo sanapeze kuthamanga zidzasowa kokhala.

Anthu amacheza ndi anthu ena anasankha n'kale lonse ndi chachikulu chiwonongeko cha anthu - ndi Nazi. Kodi icho? Kodi n'zotheka? Amene anatsogolera khalidwe limene sikutheka kupitirira zomwe anthu zithe kukhala anthu?

The Nazi - chitsanzo cha maganizo zoopsa misanthropic a Nazi. Koma kodi atadya kuwasamutsa zambiri, kupondereza, mwachindunji kupululutsa. Kodi n'zotheka kusintha chilichonse? Anthu osalabadira, kusafuna kapena kulephera kukhala ndi chifundo, mphwayi kuti nkhanza ululu ena, kapena kuwonongeka kwa ufulu wa anthu la anthu wonse angalumikizaniranenso m'mavuto. Akuti mungathe kusintha dziko ndi kusintha tokha.