Olonets m'chigawo: mbiri ya chigawo Olonets

m'chigawo Olonets anali mmodzi wa dera la kumpoto kwa Russian Ufumu. Iwo yafotokozedwa osiyana kazembe lamulo la Catherine Wamkulu mu 1784. Kuwonjezera pa chigawo kupuma pang'ono izo zinakhala mpaka 1922.

Location

m'chigawo Olonets ili mkati 60-68 madigiri kumpoto kumpoto mu 45-59 madigiri longitude kum'mawa.

Province mphepete mwa mayiko otsatirawa:

• Novgorod ndi St. Petersburg m'chigawo m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Ladoga (kum'mwera);
• m'chigawo Arkhangelsk (kumpoto);
• White Nyanja, m'chigawo Vologda (kum'mawa);
• Finland (kumadzulo).

Kutalika malangizo onse anali 700 miles, ndi malo okwana - oposa 116 dera lalikulu, lomwe liri 130 makilomita lalikulu.

nkhani

Tsogolo Olonets m'chigawo anali mbali ya m'madera osiyana, wotchuka umene unali Great Novgorod. Mu 1649 chigawo Olonets analengedwa. Iye anali gawo la Ingermanladskoy, St. Petersburg, zigawo Novgorod.

History Olonets m'chigawo akuyamba ndi 1773, pamene Catherine Wamkulu anakhazikitsa m'chigawo zatchulidwazi Olonets. Kenako anakhala dera, ndipo kuyambira 1784 - wolamulira-General. Kuyambira 1796 mpaka 1801 boma linathetsedwa.

Chaka cha chilengedwe m'chigawo Olonets akuti ndi 1801-TH. Malamulo pa nthawi iyi ya Alexander II, amene wavomerezedwa choyimira cha m'maderawo.

Mkubwela kwa mphamvu Soviet m'chigawo anali inalowa mu Union of Communes wa Region Northern, ndipo kenako - mu Karelian Labor kulankhula. Mu 1920, utangoyamba chigawo, chifukwa munkakhala anthu Russian ndi Veps. Koma watseka maso ake pa homogeneity dziko la Karelian Labor kulankhula mu 1922 anaganiza kupasula m'chigawo Olenetskuyu muchigawane mwa zigawo zosiyana ndi maiko, kuphatikizapo Karelia.

Olamulira a m'chigawo

Mfumu yoyamba ya dera Olonets anakhala Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Iye amadziwika ndakatulo wake, koma kupatula yemwe anali States, aphungu, atamva milandu.

Wolamulira, anakhala zaka ziwiri. Panthawi imeneyi anatha kukonza mapangidwe mabungwe osiyanasiyana zigawo yakhazikitsa m'chigawo choyamba mu chipatala mzinda. Ndiyamika chiphasochi pamalo, iye analemba cholemba, amene anasonyeza kugwirizana kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zachuma.

Ngati tikambirana m'chigawo abwanamkubwa kuyambira 1801, anthu akhala zoposa makumi awiri. Kazembe woyamba wa chigawo Olonets Okulov Aleksei Matveyevich anathamanga zochitika za chaka chimodzi chokha.

chuma m'mphepete

m'chigawo Olonets anali wolemera mu zinthu za m'madzi. Pa m'gawo lake pali ambiri nyanja ndi mitsinje. Yaikulu ya iwo - Nyanja Onega, Svir, Onega, Vig ndi ena.

Chabwino dera wolemera nkhalango ndi mchere zotsatirazi:

• Miyalayo;
• golide;
• atitsogolere;
• siliva;
• Mica;
• chitsulo miyala;
• nsangalabwi;
• amatisty;
• ngale;
• wachikuda dongo;
• Marcial Madzi.

M'mphepete linali ndi zovuta zake monga wosabereka miyala nthaka ndi nyengo akumane ndi pafupipafupi kusintha mphepo. Koma pamaso pa nyama m'nkhalango, ndi kuchepetsa kuipa kwa anthu amenewa amatunga nsomba.

m'tawuni akuzigawo

Mudzi waukulu pa mtunda nthawi zonse Olonets anali Petrozavodsk. Lero ndi mzinda waukulu dera, komanso likulu la Republic of Karelia.

Mbiri ya mzinda anayamba ndi chiyambi mu 1703, Shumsky manja fakitale ndi Peter Wamkulu. Dera la mbewu unazunguliridwa kutsinde ndipo anakonza pa izo mfuti. Zomera kenako inasanduka malo otetezedwa bwino, amene anali kuima chitsutsire asilikali a Sweden. Posakhalitsa, mbewu anakhala waukulu ogwira ntchito mphamvu.

Popeza Peter Wamkulu anapita fakitale iye anamanga nyumba matabwa, msasa mpingo kuponyedwa munda. Komanso padziko fakitale panali Pamudzi, amene kumawonjezera chaka chilichonse.

latsopano Cannon foundry (Alexander a) inamangidwa ndi Catherine Wamkulu. Pambuyo anapeza ake mu 1777, Petrozavodsk mwalamulo anakhala mzinda, ndipo mu 1781 ndiponso kuchimake Olonets dziko.

Pa nkhondo ya 1812 m'tawuni unakhala pogona zosakhalitsa kwa chuma cha Academy of Tirhana. Mu Petrozavodsk anasamukira ku Russian National Library, Unduna wa Maphunziro, gawo la Main Pedagogical Institute, komanso nkhani ya St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

Zambiri zokhudza m'matawuni ena m'mphepete m'buku lakuti "Olonets m'chigawo:. Wapamwamba midzi malo 1879"