Onyamula waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Modern ndege onyamula dziko

Ndege chonyamulira - chombo nkhondowo ndi cholinga njira. Waukulu chidwi mphamvu mu ndege, yomwe ili pa sitimayo. Zimphona izi ndi onse kukonza, kukonza, ndi kusunga zosakhalitsa Helicopters ndi ndege. Chibwenzi, onse onyamula yogwira dziko lalikulu kukula, komanso zipangizo zamakono kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane pa nkhani mwatsatanetsatane ndipo tione la ngalawa yaikulu zikuperekedwa. Pakati pawo padzakhala monga nthano ndi ataima pa onyamula ndege zida.

zambiri

Kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi ndege onyamula anayamba ntchito English pa 1 nkhondo World. M'kupita kwa nthawi, boma la Britain anazindikira kuti kuteteza malire ndi zosavuta ntchito magalimoto yam'manja. Wachiwiri World Nkhondo British anali kutsogolera chiwerengero cha cruisers, koma pa nthawi anataya kuti utsogoleri US. Koma ziriri pano, ndithu onyamula osati kumenyana mayunitsi, kusenza yaing'ono asilikali ndege, komanso pothandiza anthu kuti amalola kuti msanga kusinthitsa zambiri. zofunika zazikulu zimene zikugwirizana ndi asilikali - ndi zoyendayenda, kotero yotha nkhondowo mayunitsi kugwira ntchito yaikulu nkhondo zambiri. Komabe, ngati inu kuchitika kwa kuwombola nyukiliya, dziko lalikulu ndege onyamula adzakhala Cholinga chachikulu. Wamphamvu zomera mphamvu amalola kukhala mu nyanja kwa zaka zambiri.

amakono ndege onyamula

Pakali pano, ku ntchito achangu zombo zoterozo wa Navy US. Pa zida za dziko Ndipafupifupi 11 ndege onyamula ndi 10 ndi ntchito, pamene boma latsopano la Russia chimodzi chokha panopa ndi awiri tikukonza. US cruisers ntchito kuthetsa kusamvana mu Iraq, Afghanistan, Kosovo, ndi zina zotero.

Woyamba US ndege chonyamulira, adali ndi nyukiliya Kanyama pa bolodi, inamangidwa mu 1961 ndi dzina lake "ogwira ntchito". Lero ndi imodzi mwa ngalawa lalikulu mu dziko. m'litali ndi mamita 342.

Mu USSR asilikali Kuznetsov ine ndinaganiza kuti onyamula ndege m'tsogolo. Choncho, lamulo lake zinatumizidwa kumanga cruisers angapo, koma pambuyo kuchoka kwa asilikali Gorshkov Kuznetsova Polojekiti yatsopanoyi chatsekedwa. Komabe, chigamulo anapangidwa mu chaka 67th wa kumanga "Minsk", "Kiev" ndi "Novorossiysk".

Yaikulu ndege onyamula dziko

Chinthu choyamba kulankhula za Zombo Zankhondo ndege pa bolodi kalasi "Nimitz". Zimphona izi ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndi lamphamvu, osati mu US komanso padziko lonse. Pafupi khumi okha zombo zamangidwa. Aliyense wa iwo ndalama boma biliyoni 4.5-5.0 dollars. chonyamulira Last akuti ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo dzina lake polemekeza 41st Pulezidenti George HW Chitsamba Choyaka. Pa bolodi "Dzhordzh Chitsamba Choyaka" akhoza kunyamula 90 zida. Apa ndi ozimitsa wa zopangidwa osiyana, ndipo ndege gunships. Amaganiza kuti aliyense ndege chonyamulira "Nimitz" kalasi adzakhala opareshoni kwa zaka 50, ndipo patapita kuti izo thanani. Koma US wayamba kale kumanga m'badwo wotsatira wa ngalawa. Mwina izi adzakhala onyamula "Gerald Ford" mphamvu nkhondowo kuti adzakhala pang'ono kuchuluka, komanso chiwerengero cha ndege kusamutsidwa.

Amphamvu kwambiri ndiponso zazikulu ndege chonyamulira la Russia

Soviet Union Wamkulu-wa-zombo, asilikali Kuznetsov, iye anali kwenikweni ndi umunthu kwambiri. lolemera ndege kumangopitirizabe cruiser cha dzina chomwecho inamangidwa yokumbukira. m'litali ndi mamita 305 ndi masentimita 10. M'pofunikanso powasamalira chakuti mosiyana onyamula yachizungu chitukuko cha shipbuilders Soviet zosiyana kwambiri. Kuti pali armament yekha wa cruiser "asilikali Kuznetsov". Ambiri lalikulu-likungosonyeza mfuti odana ndege, odana thanki unsembe, oponya armament ndi zambiri. Ndipotu, pali katundu kumbuyo amanyansidwa chida. Zonsezi, pamodzi ndi zipangizo ndege ikuchitika pa bolodi chombo akupanga oopsa komanso mogwira ntchito nkhondo. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'sitimayo mwina mayunitsi 40 ndege. Pafupifupi 30 ndege (atathana phiko) ndi Helicopters 10.

Kusinthidwa "asilikali Kuznetsov" kapena "Liaoning"

chombo Aka kanali koyamba ndege chonyamulira, amene waika China pa zida zake. Poyamba, "Liaoning" inamangidwa Nikolayev doko la zombo zapanyanja ku Ukraine ntchito mu Soviet Union. Komabe, pambuyo kugwa kwa Soviet ndege chonyamulira anapita Ukraine, amene pambuyo zaka zingapo ntchito, choncho si zachilendo ndipo popeza anamaliza chombo, adaugulitsa kwa okha $ 20 miliyoni kuti China. The Chinese mwabweretsa za cruiser nakayika manja ake. Ngati inu lembani onse amphamvu kwambiri zonyamulira ndege ya dziko, "Liaoning" adzakhala malo oyamba. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo udaikidwa kutsatira chitsanzo cha cruiser "asilikali Kuznetsov", ndi ena zosintha. N'chifukwa chake, pa bolodi sitimayo si mfuti zikuluzikulu, zimene lidzakhalapo kwa maola angapo nkhondo kwambiri, komanso ambiri ndege. Mu "Liaoning" China ntchito kuphunzitsa ndege.

"Merlin" ku India

Panopa utumiki ndi Indian Navy ndege chonyamulira 2. Mmodzi wa iwo dzina lake 'Vikramaditya ", m'litali ndi za 283-284 mamita. Dzina lenileni la chombo "Baku" kapena "kusinthidwa Kiev." Linamangidwa kumbuyo mu Soviet Union, koma pambuyo kugwa kwa Russia waganiza kulemba wolemera chotengera, omwe chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa kukhalabe udindo ntchito zida. Mu 2004, ndege chonyamulira anagulitsidwa kwa $ biliyoni 2.5 mu India. Pankhaniyi, chombo okonzeka ndi omenyana Russian ndi zida. Ngati ife timachitcha onse ndege onyamula wamakono wa dziko, "Vikramaditya" ali mmodzi wa iwo. Mu 2013, chombo mu utumiki. Ndege chonyamulira cha kalasi imeneyi amatha gulu pafupifupi 36 ndege, makamaka yopangidwa ku Russia womenya Jets.

Ndege chonyamulira "Sao Paulo"

Ndege chotengera cha "Clemenceau" ataima pa mikono ya France kwa zaka 39. Panali zombo ziwiri zoterezi. Lina m'chaka cha 2000, linalembedwa, ndipo chachiwiri - Brazil anagulitsa madola 12 miliyoni basi. Popeza kugula akatswiri Brazil, mothandizidwa ndi anzake French anayamba Sinthani sitimayo. Kusintha akukonza zida osati, omwe pafupifupi kwathunthu anakongoletsa, koma ndege sitimayo, omwe anali tiwonjezere penapake. Patapita nthawi, panali injini zosiyanasiyana, mitundu yonse ya masensa, etc. Koma n'zovuta kunena kuti "São Paulo" nthawizonse zonse zinali zabwino. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2005 ndi 2012 kunali moto zinachititsa kuti imfa ya amalinyero angapo. "Sao Paulo" amatha bolodi 39 zidutswa za zida. kuthekera zolawula chitakwaniritsidwa, "Skyhawk" - American kuwala kuukira ndege. sitimayo kutalika - 264 mamita 80 masentimita.

"Sharl De Goll"

Panopa French Navy Zida ndi onyamula angapo. Mmodzi wa iwo, "Sharl De Goll". Ndipotu, chombo ichi ndi chokhacho nyukiliya ndege chonyamulira, amene si mu utumiki ndi Bulu US. Ntchito yomanga chombo ndalama boma za $ 4 billion. Anapezerapo pa chonyamulira ndege mu 2000, ngakhale kuti anali ankafuna kuti pang'ono kale, koma chifukwa cha mavuto yomanga unatha. Popeza riyakitala atomu, chotengera akhoza tiwolokere popanda refueling za zaka 20 natengedwa pa bolodi 40 mayunitsi aeronautical zomangamanga. Wagwiritsa ananena kuti mu 93 chaka TH pa bolodi "Sharl De Goll" azondi walowerera MI-6 amene, ngakhale amatha kufufuza m'chombo, koma sanathe salangidwa, popeza iwo adagwira. Panopa, onyamula ambiri padziko lonse kutenga mbali mu ntchito ya usilikali, ndipo "Sharl De Goll" pakati pawo.

Pomaliza

Monga mukuonera, zombo lililonse dziko lifunika ndege zonyamulira. Lero ulamuliro wa kunyanja wa United States, chifukwa zombo zawo kumeneko panonso, iwo ndi zida zamakono. Komabe, pali kuthekera kwa onse Russia ndi mayiko ena, monga Japan, United Kingdom. Panopa, pali ambiri ntchito zingamuthandize. Mwachitsanzo, chaka chino Japan akufuna kuchepetsa madzi chonyamulira lomwe yopanga "Izumo". Komabe, popeza Japan alibe chilolezo kumangira ndege onyamula, iye ananena kuti ndege. Mu chaka chomwecho pa madzi ayenera kupeza ndi Indian "Viktrant" ndipo mu 2020 - "Kuin Elizabet" (UK). Ndizo zonse zimene munganene zotani, onyamula yabwino ya dziko, ndi zimene zili zopambana, aliyense wa zimphona izi.