Osungirako zachilengedwe ndi nkhokwe ya m'dera Irkutsk: mndandanda kufotokoza ndi ndemanga

Kuyambira mu 1997, January 11 Russia amakondwerera Tsiku la nkhokwe ndi zinyama. Pa tsiku ili, m'zaka lomaliza (mu 1916) atalenga mu Russian State Reserve - Barguzin. Iwo lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Baikal. Mu Zabaikalye komanso inali nkhokwe Irkutsk dera. Dera limeneli wolemera malo otetezedwa. Awiri malo Pribaikalskiy zinyama ndi nkhokwe zambiri chilengedwe dera.

Features wa dera Irkutsk

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo yaikulu ya kum'mawa Siberia. malo pafupifupi 5% ya m'gawo la Russia. Mmene lingamutsatire anafotokoza kusiyana kwa mitunda ndi chikhalidwe. Mbali yaikulu ndi wotanganidwa ndi nkhalango nayonso, zitunda zathyathyathya, zotsala za zigwa steppe mtsinje. Koma chachikulu kukopa wa Region Irkutsk - nyanja Baikal. Uyamiko kwa Iye, pali ambiri anayamba zokopa alendo.

Baikal kutchulidwa ngati dziko cholowa malo chifukwa cha wapadera malo achilengedwe, madzi oyera ndi yaikulu zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera.

Kodi kusungitsa?

dera Irkutsk ili mu beseni mwa nyanja ya Baikal, m'gulu la UNESCO malo World Heritage. Choncho, ambiri a iwo monga Malo otetezedwa tanthauzo feduro. List Irkutsk dera amaika yaing'ono, koma phindu ndi mkulu. malo The unakhazikitsidwa pofuna zovuta chibadwidwe mtundu wapachiyambi. Apa kwathunthu yoletsedwa kusaka ndi ntchito ndalama.

Reserve Choyamba - Barguzin - analengedwa monga mmene tafotokozera pamwambapa, mu Russia mu 1916. anaonekera zaka 80 atafika amaika dera Irkutsk. Iwo kuphimba dera lalikulu la Baikal gombe ndipo analenga pofuna nyama ndiponso zomera wapadera.

Nkhokwe ya m'dera Irkutsk: mndandanda

Pali makombo a steppe relict, nayonso nkhalango zokongola, nyanja, m'mapiri, wakale paleo-chiphalaphala mathithi, m'zigwa. Kuteteza wapadera malo achilengedwe ndi nkhokwe chikhalidwe kulengedwa dera Irkutsk. Lembani maina awo kuti aliyense wa m'derali popeza iwo kudzatithandiza kusunga Nyanja Baikal gombe uliri achilengedwe. Izi makamaka zogwirizana ndi cha m'ma makumi awiri, pamene, chifukwa ndi ntchito yogwira zachuma ndi kudula mitengo anayamba kufa oimira ambiri a nyama ndi zomera.

Amene ali nkhokwe m'dera Irkutsk?

• Vitimsky Nature Reserve unakhazikitsidwa mu 1982. Ili mu kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Trans-Baikal. Chimodzi mwa zolinga ndi maonekedwe ake anali kutetezera nkhosa bighorn, sable, mitundu osowa wa Mbalame zodya nyama, malo apadera m'phiri nyanja Oron. Apa kukula larch, pali m'nkhalango, mitengo ya mkungudza ndi Oil. Anawona Vitimsky malo zimatheka ndi 3 kudutsa kukwera pamodzi ndi mtsinje Vitim ndi Nyanja Oron.
• Baikal-Lensky Nature Reserve analengedwa mu 1986. Iwo lili mbali ya kum'mwera ya Baikal Mountains pa gombe la kumadzulo kwa Nyanja Baikal. Apa zimasungika nkhalango nayonso, relict steppe 2 paleovolcano zaka pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni. otetezedwa ndi nambala yaikulu zimbalangondo zofiirira ndi nyama zina nayonso. Zikupezekera ndi mitundu osowa monga osprey, wakuda dokowe, mabanga mphungu, golide mphungu, peregrine kabawi ndi ena. Bzalani kufala kwa paini, larch ndi mkungudza mitengo, ambiri lichens, ndere ndi bowa. Pali kulondera mitundu 47 a zomera pangozi.

osungirako zachilengedwe

Ndi lalikulu ndi wapadera malo achilengedwe. Pali zinthu zonse zosangalatsa ndi ntchito zokopa alendo, kupulumutsa chizindikiro cha chilengedwe zochititsa chidwi ndi musawononge nyama ndi zomera. Limited, ndi zina kwathunthu analetsa ntchito anthu zachuma, koma kuti ntchito zachilengedwe zolinga ulimi zosowa za anthu akuderalo. Mosiyana ndi nkhokwe, ku dera la malo osungirako amaloledwa kulowa malo. Pali zili ndi magalimoto ndi kukwera njinga.

Woyamba malo osungirako unakhazikitsidwa mu US mu 1872 - ndi Yellowstone. Padziko lonse lapansi - kumpoto Greenland National Park ali ndi malo makilomita lalikulu kuposa 950 zikwi. Ndipo mu Russia, yaikulu malo osungirako ili mu dera Irkutsk.

Pribaikalskiy National Park

Izi Malo otetezedwa tanthauzo feduro. Kukhazikika kuteteza wapadera zachilengedwe ya gombe la kumadzulo kwa Nyanja Baikal. Pamafunikanso pafupifupi kotala cha kutalika mwa nyanja ake - za 470 Km. Pribaikalskiy National Park - ndi alendo malo ambiri anafika mu dera. Wa nkhokwe zonse zachilengedwe ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe m'dera Irkutsk uli wachuma mu mitundu yosowa ya nyama ndi zomera. paki ndi mahekitala oposa 400 - ndi kuteteza malo aakulu kwambiri ku Russia. Pamafunikanso yopapatiza m'mphepete mwa nyanja - 3 20 Km, mwanyanja lokwera Tazheranskaya steppe beseni Large pang'ono Olkhon.

Onse nkhokwe ndi nat. Parks Irkutsk dera yodziwika ndi zosiyanasiyana wachuma wa nyama ndi zomera, mitundu ina akupezeka pena paliponse, ndipo maganizo zapamwamba za chilengedwe. Koma paki ichi dziko amakopa alendo kwambiri. Nawa Aya Bay ndi Sandy, zitunda zazitali wamphamvu wa Primorsky Ridge, steppes chidina ndi nyanja mchere. Gwero la Angara ndi waukulu kwambiri Siberia wintering waterfowl.

Kodi nkhokwe?

m'madera ena amene kukuteteza kapena kokha ena mitundu ya malo apadera zachilengedwe otchedwa malo opatulika. Iwo akuletsedwa yekha ena zochita za anthu, monga kusaka. Tsopano mu Russia pali 70 nkhokwe chikhalidwe cha kufunika feduro, 2 umene zili m'dera Irkutsk. Kumalo amenewa analengedwa popanda lamulo zofooka, ndi nkhokwe ya kufunika kuderako kulibe zaka zochepa kapena zochepa. Ambiri a iwo apangidwa kupulumutsa mitundu yambiri osowa kapena pangozi, koma pali anthu amene apangidwa pofuna kuteteza chomera kapena chinyama.

Monga nkhokwe ndipo malo zinyama a m'dera Irkutsk anakhazikitsa kuti kuteteza zachilengedwe wapadera Baikal. Tsopano m'dera ili 2 malo zofunika feduro - Krasny Yar ndi Tofalar ndi nkhokwe Magdansky, Chaysky, Kireysky, Irkut, Boyskie m'madambo ndi ena.

Nkhokwe wotchuka masewera

Zonse mu Irkutsk Region 16 nkhokwe chikhalidwe. Pakati pawo - 2 boma ndi makonsolo 3, 8 zovuta malo ndi 3 mitundu. Awa, ena wokongola lalikulu ndi otchuka.

• Tofalar feduro malo analengedwa mu 70s zaka mazana makumi awiri. Amaphatikiza ndi malo achilengedwe a Reserve kale Sayan Mwachitsanzo, glacier Kosurgasheva.
• Krasny Yar - kuipidwa Nature Reserve zofunika boma, mwapafupi monga zotheka ndikusunga. Kuli sable, zofiirira chimbalangondo, musk nswala, bittern, roe agwape ndi zinyama zina wamba. Kutetezedwa wakuda dokowe ndi imvi Kireni.
• Irkut malo chimakwirira kudera la 30 chikwi. Ha ndipo analengedwa kuteteza malo a Boar zakutchire.
• Reserve Boyskie dambo analenga m'mphepete mwa mtsinje Boy ndi kupitiriza kusamala malo a kuthengo hoofed nyama ndi mbalame kukaikira mazira.
• Magdansky Reserve ili mu chigwa cha Magda ndi Ilga mitsinje. Kukhazikika kuteteza malo zinyama, spawning malo mitengo yofunika kwambiri nsomba ndi mbalame kukaikira mazira.

zipilala chikhalidwe

Pa dera la dera Irkutsk ndi ya zachilengedwe, mbiri kapena chikhalidwe zinthu zachilengedwe. Iwo amayesedwa zipilala achilengedwe. Apa iwo ali 77 zinthu. Awa, Geological chikhalidwe zipilala - thanthwe dziko, glacier Sunny, Zima Fairy Cave, Chipilala Cape, Ula Rock, Rock Chayachy, m'mapanga ndi zambiri. Ambiri madzi zipilala chilengedwe: ndi karst masika, nyanja Mtima Udi pamakomo Okuynaki gwero la mitsinje, mathithi ndiponso akasupe.

zipilala zovuta malo ndi shamanistic ziboliboli, miyala mphako pa Han Mtsinje, Sandy Bay, Kaiskiy Grove, ziboliboli m'mapanga wakale Tushamskie nkhalango paini ndi ena. Kwa manda zachilengedwe ndi zomera chosowa kwambiri: madzi mgoza, Irkutsk kakombo, spruce ndi chidina ena.

Reviews

osungirako zachilengedwe, malo zinyama ndi nkhokwe chikhalidwe cha dera Irkutsk chidwi la alendo chifukwa cha wapadera Baikal. maganizo kwabasi za chilengedwe, madzi oyera, mpweya wabwino ndi pamaso pa zamoyo yosowa ya nyama ndi zomera - chinachake chimene uyikidwa mu chikumbukiro alendo pambuyo kuyendera dera limeneli. Ngakhale nyengo m'malo ankhanza, pang'ono masiku ofunda ndi amatunga madzi ozizira, alendo amakonda malo awa. Asangalale ndi kukongola kwa mathithi, mapiri ndi kuona akale chidina steppe muyenera aliyense wokonda za chilengedwe.