Parathyroid zopangitsa. Parathyroid timadzi

Thupi nambala yaikulu ziwalo ndi machitidwe amene amachita zosiyanasiyana ntchito. Ena mwa iwo ndi zopangitsa parathyroid. Ndi mtundu wa mbali ya chithokomiro England, ili mwachindunji pa khoma kumbuyo. kugwira bwino ntchito zopangitsa izi zimakhudza zambiri njira kunachitika thupi lathu. Choncho adzalandira zambiri za iwo, m'pofunika aliyense.

chithokomiro

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ndi zaka pali mavuto ndi chithokomiro England. Pankhaniyi, madokotala nthawi zambiri analangiza kuti akapereke magazi pa mahomoni. Loopsa ngati nkhaniyi, zosokonezeka zingachitike ngati, ndi momwe kuti matenda a chithokomiro England? Kodi chithokomiro England ili, iwo amadziwa pafupifupi chilichonse - ndi gawo pamaso pa khosi la munthu. Choyamba ndi Dziwani kuti chithokomiro - ndi England wa katulutsidwe mkati. Mwachibadwa, mbali ya kuika yaikulu ya dongosolo endocrine, amene wapatsidwa thupi. Ambiri, ntchito ya chithokomiro England amagwirizana ndi ulimi wa mahomoni ena kuti kaonedwe mu thupi la munthu.

chithokomiro Lobe

Chithokomiro England - ndi koposa zonse, thupi moyenera, popeza wapangidwa wa Korinto ndi awiri magawo ofanana, pa mbali ya iye. The Lobe lamanja la chithokomiro England, komanso kumanzere, mwachindunji trachea, pamene Korinto ndi ili pa gawo kutsogolo. Madokotala ena akhoza kuika pa pyramidal Lobe. Apa tiyenera kutchula chinthu monga buku la chithokomiro England. Chifukwa nthawi zina, pamene detects muyeso (chachitatu) gawo la akatswiri osaphunzira ayamba kulankhula za kudwala a prostate. Koma si choncho. Zilibe thanzi anthu ndi chilema ayi.

Nthawi zambiri, chithokomiro ponseponse mu mawu a buku kadzaganiziridwa kokha pamaziko a anayendera ndi woyenera Katswiri-m'thupi yemwenso aliyense payekha, munthu aliyense. Mwa njira, kukam'pempha kuti azikhala kale zizindikiro woyamba kugwirizana ndi umunthu wanu wamkati. Iwo likukhalira kuti vuto la chithokomiro England mwachindunji bwanji maganizo ndi thanzi la munthu. Normal ntchito shchitovidki zimadalira mmene amalandira zakudya zonse zofunikira (mpweya, ayodini, mapuloteni, etc.). Ngati mwapeza chosowa, munthuyo kuti yomweyo amakhala aukali ndipo sachedwa kuvutika maganizo. Komanso, kulemera owonjezera alephera kuonda - komanso ndi kuyan'anila apeza bwino m'thupi la chithokomiro England. chithokomiro ponseponse mu mawu a buku anatsimikiza kuti munthu aliyense payekhapayekha. Choyamba, adokotala ndikufunseni inu chokuchititsani ultrasound bwinobwino kenako kungopereka magazi kwa timadzi ta m'thupi.

Ntchito ya chithokomiro England: ngati n'kofunika kwambiri thupi la munthu?

Dziwani kuti kukula kwa chithokomiro England ali mwachindunji amadalira kulemera munthu. N'zotheka, ndithudi, analekanitsa mtengo avareji magawo: 20/20/40 mm. Kufunika kwa buku la Korinto adzakhala wofanana 4 × 5 mm. Miyeso ya lobes mabele nthawi yomweyo adzakhala 20 mpaka 40 ga Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, kulemera kwa chithokomiro England akhoza kufika pazipita '65 Pali wina mwatsatanetsatane zofunika kwambiri: msinkhu ndi kugonana makhalidwe mmene anthu ambiri yachidule pa kukula kwa chithokomiro England. ukalamba amachepetsa buku la chithokomiro England ndi m'badwo wa msinkhu, Tikawonetsetsa kumawonjezera. Komanso, amayi apakati kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka zosakhalitsa mu buku la England lapansi. Pamene mfundo imeneyi imatengedwa ponseponse mu funso ndipo sangakhoze anachiritsidwa ku kubadwa.

Monga chikuonekera, mabele England - gawo la dongosolo endocrine wa anthu, choncho nthawi zonse pali kaphatikizidwe mahomoni zingapo: calcitonin (a peputayidi timadzi), triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine (ayodini munali mahomoni). Iwo zonse m'thupi bwino thupi la munthu. mahomoni zimenezi zimakhudza mapangidwe maselo atsopano ndi imfa ya, kagayidwe akale thupi. Munthu nthawi zonse muyenera mphamvu kukhala, kusuntha, kudya, kugona, ndi zina zotero. D. Ntchito waukulu anachita ndi mahomoni mabele. iwo amathanso kukhala kutentha koyenera kwa thupi. chitukuko maganizo ndi thupi mu moyo zimadalira kugwira ntchito mahomoni mabele. Ali ndi udindo pa ntchito chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo izi ndi zofunika kwambiri matenda nkhondo. Ndicho chifukwa muyenera osati kudziwa kumene chithokomiro England ili (mu nthawi kuchita ngati zotengeka zosasangalatsa pakhosi), komanso kumvetsa kufunika kwa ntchito yake zolondola.

Kodi England parathyroid?

Ndikungofuna kuona okhudzidwa ake mwachindunji dongosolo lonse endocrine. Pamene dongosolo yachibadwa chonsecho zopangitsa chithokomiro parathyroid ili pamwamba kumbuyo kwake. Munthu ali awiri awiriawiri amenewa. Kumbukirani kuti akhale kunja kwa chithokomiro England. mitundu iwiri ya maselo aphatikizidwa zikuchokera zopangitsa awa: oxyphilous ndi chachikulu. Maselo amenewa, ndicho cytoplasm awo ali granules otchedwa secretory. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti parathyroid England - ndi endocrine thupi, ndi moyo, ndipo mozama pa nthawi yomweyo kwathunthu paokha. Choncho, kamodzi m'malo, kapena zichotsedwa sangathe. Apo ayi, ngakhale mumayesa kusiya chithokomiro England, munthu alibe kupulumuka.

Makulidwe parathyroid (parathyroid) England, chiwerengero chawo ndi malo

Kupanga zopangitsa parathyroid makamaka chowulungika (mu maonekedwe a nyemba kapena impso, nthawizina akufanana bwalo, ndipo flattened), ndi kukula kwa 8 mm. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wina anakumana anomalies zosiyanasiyana chiwerengero ndi malo zopangitsa za parathyroid. Nthawi zina madokotala oterewa pamaso pawo mu mbewu kapena pakati pa trachea ndi kum'mero. Wamba kuchuluka kwa zopangitsa parathyroid. Asayansi pamodzi ndi milandu mankhwala olembedwa Tinathera 8 ndipo ngakhale 12 mayunitsi. Miyeso ya zopangitsa za parathyroid si wosiyana kwambiri: kakakulu - 1.5-2 mm, m'lifupi - 3-4 mm, kutalika - 67 mm. Nthawi zambiri chapamwamba parathyroid England pang'ono kakang'ono kuposa pansi - ichi ndi ponseponse. Kulemera yaing'ono, zonse izo zifika 0,04 ga Mtundu wa parathyroid (yemwenso amadziwika mankhwala) zopangitsa amakhala chikasu bulauni woongoka bulauni. Iwo zili otchedwa kapisozi mwini, ngakhale nthawi zina agwirizane mwachindunji kwa mabele England. makope awo anachitika ndi nthambi yakeyake mtsempha wamagazi ndi. Chidwi mfundo: onse inakhala chiwerengero chawo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula amasiyana kwambiri.

zopangitsa Parathyroid: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Kapangidwe ka zopangitsa za parathyroid m'gulu mitundu iwiri ya maselo, otchedwa "kuwala" (oxyphilous) ndi "mdima" (waukulu). Yotsirizira zambiri wamkulu kwambiri mu chiwerengero. Chinthu chachikulu ndi deta khansa bwino aziwapatsa Mitsempha ndikulora iwo kuti akhale odzazidwa ndi oxygen. capillaries Lymphatic anazungulira zopangitsa kwambiri parathyroid. Mahomoni pa iwo, komanso mwa gululi venous, anagawira mu thupi la munthu. Kumene, ntchito mu parathyroid kwambiri. Koma mmodzi wa chopambana - ndi lamulo la phosphorous ndipo thupi kashiamu mu thupi la munthu. chodabwitsa Izi zimachitika zokha ndi chakuti ntchito pa kaphatikizidwe mahomoni mwachindunji kuchita England parathyroid. Mahomoni opangidwa ndi iwo, ndi a mitundu iwiri:

• calcitonin - kuti Sachita mlingo wa kashiamu m'mwazi;
• parathyroid timadzi - kumawonjezera mlingo wa kashiamu m'magazi.

Ambiri, ntchito ya England parathyroid (dzina dokotala wina) zochokera njira "maganizo". Thupi la munthu detects mmene kashiamu ndi phosphorous ali m'bukuli. A England parathyroid, pa maziko a deta awa, paulimi chiwerengero chawo chifukwa ejection wa mlingo makamaka ndi timadzi makamaka.

Mahomoni opangidwa ndi zopangitsa za parathyroid

zopangitsa Parathyroid kutulutsa mahomoni awiri, wamkulu amene parathyrin (PTH). Pambuyo ntchito izo ikuchitika lamulo wamphamvu wa milingo kashiamu mu thupi la munthu. timadzi imeneyi ndi puloteni pawiri zimene pamapeto, limapangidwa sulfure, chitsulo ndi asafe. Iye wayima England parathyroid osaima. Parathyrin amalimbikitsa kukula ndi chitukuko cha mafupa a anthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kashiamu wa phosphate binders ndi mapuloteni. Komanso parathyrin timadzi zimakhala zosemphana pa mafupa - fupa resorption ndi zaka. Ambiri, ndondomeko iyi akutchedwa - ndi normalization wa milingo calcium.

Limagwirira kanthu parathyrin kapena zotsatira zake zazikulu

Kumene, ngati timadzi ali ndi mphamvu pa kashiamu wa phosphate zikuchokera thupi, kuoneka angapo ziwalo zina ndi zimakhala, ndiwo mtundu wa mipherezero iye;

1. Impso amadziwika ena kashiamu amatengedwa ku thupi laumunthu mu mkodzo. Zimenezi zimafuna lamulo, limene liri chifukwa timadzi parathyrin.
2. Bone minofu: normalizes kuchuluka kwa kashiamu mu izo, kotero kuti mafupa anthu akhoza kukhala ndi kukula.
3. thirakiti m'mimba: kuno parathyrin amathandiza kashiamu odzipereka.

Nawonso zopangitsa parathyroid popanga timadzi parathyrin ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji pa ntchito kwa maselo thupi.

Matenda okhudzana ndi zosayenera kugwira ntchito parathyroid ndi

Monga chiwalo wina, minofu kapena dongosolo lonse mu thupi la munthu, parathyroid akhoza liziyenda bwino. Kawirikawiri umenewu umatipatsa hypofunction kapena hyperfunction, lomwe limathandiza kuti chitukuko cha matenda ambiri. Kutanthauzira matenda angathandize pa okha zochita malinga pakutchulidwa zizindikiro zina. Pankhaniyi muyenera mofulumira kufunsa katswiri oyenerera ndi kuthera pa malangizo awo Kafukufuku zogwirizana mayesero kutero.

Hypofunction wa parathyroid

Matendawa ali ndi makhalidwe olakwika m'badwo kuchuluka kwa parathyroid timadzi parathyrin, ndicho akusowa ake. Kawirikawiri, izi Tingaone kale pamaziko a madandaulo wodwalayo chosokonezeka ku malekezero, kuzizira, omangana minofu, misomali Chimaona, tsitsi ndi zambiri. Adokotala munthu, ndicho chithokomiro wake chimaika wathunthu magazi, magazi chiyeso mahomoni, urinalysis, electrocardiogram. Childs, mu maphunziro awa akhala kusintha kwakukulu, Izi zidzapangitsa kuti mfundo zina ndi kudziwa chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Hyperfunction ya England parathyroid

Chotero matenda chifukwa mu parathyrin kupanga apamwamba kuti mwachindunji kubala England parathyroid. Mahomoni wa mtundu uwu (zochuluka zawo) angasokoneze thirakiti m'mimba wa munthu, iye fupa fragility ndi ululu malo, weramitsani msana ndi nthiti, kuyambitsa irritability ndi maganizo. Nthawi zina owonjezera kashiamu kumabweretsa kusintha kwambiri pa ntchito a impso. Choncho ngati muli zizindikiro pamwamba ayenera yomweyo kufunsa munthu m'thupi yemwenso kwa chithandizo choyenera. Ndipo kutsimikiza hyperfunction parathyroid ambiri anatumizidwa US, X-ray, umagwirira magazi. Kuchokera pa maphunziro awa dokotala amatha kupanga matenda zolondola.

Chithandizo cha matenda a parathyroid ndi

Inde, hypofunction wa parathyroid matenda mosavuta komanso sawonongetsa kuchitiridwa. M'pofunika kumapeto kokha kwa matenda kashiamu wa phosphate zikuchokera thupi mwa mukumwa mankhwala, kudya zakudya zapadera kukhala zopanda malire padzuwa kwa mayamwidwe bwino calcium. Chithandizo hyperfunction parathyroid zotheka chifukwa opaleshoni. Ndiyeno kale yoikidwiratu maofesi wapadera mankhwala.

zodzitetezera matenda parathyroid

Monga chikuonekera, mabele ndi zopangitsa parathyroid ali kwambiri zogwirizana. Choncho, ntchito zawo, ndi mavuto mmenemo, ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji pa wina ndi mzake. Kuti matupi a katulutsidwe mkati mwa thupi lanu sanakhalepo mavuto alionse, yesani kuchita kupewa chithokomiro ultrasound osachepera 1 nthawi pachaka. Aliyense katswiri woyenera, akudzizindikiritsa kusintha zazing'ono izo, adzadzipereka inu maphunziro zina kuti achotse pathologies zosiyanasiyana.

Kumvetsetsa kuti ntchito yachibadwa ya chiwalo kapena dongosolo mu thupi chimadalira pa njira yake ya moyo. Monga adya ufulu komanso kuwapatsa amawalamulira moyo yogwira kapena ayi ndi zina. Choncho, penyani thanzi lanu, mmene tizipima yake amanena kuti madokotala kwambiri oyenerera.