Porphyry - ndi chiyani ichi? mitundu ya porphyry

Mtundu mawu - ndi limodzi mwa magulu chinenero, ali chidwi ofufuza. Mayina a malankhulidwe ndi mithunzi amaonedwa ndi asayansi mawu a zamalankhulidwe, mbiri yakale, etymological, ndipo ambiri zinthu zina. Akatswiri chidwi magwero a mayina a mitundu, mwa womwenso kunja wofiira. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuwala kwake, machulukitsidwe wa ophiphiritsa ndiponso zachikhalidwe.

Nkhani ya dzina la

Modern Chirasha ali pafupi makumi asanu mphatso onena osiyanasiyana mithunzi ya wofiira. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kamvekedwe ndi porphyry. nauni linaonekera mu Russia m'zaka 11. Umboni wa zimenezi ndi Ostrom Gospel, pachibwenzi 1057 chaka. Iwo porphyry - ndi kapezi ndi wa chibakuwa zovala zachifumu.

Chinachake Patapita tanthauzo lexical mawu kukodzedwa. Kodi chinanso mfundo nauni porphyry? Izi ndi lofiirira, ndi mdima wofiira utoto zopindulitsa, ntchito ankaudaya nsalu.

Malinga ndi mawu ake mtundu mawu "porphyry" n'chimodzimodzi ndi mawu akuti "chibakuwa". Zimatanthauza wofiira mdima, mdima wofiirira ndi red-wofiirira. Kujambula izo mtundu womwewo kalelo yochokera kwa mtundu winawake wa nkhono.

Porphyry - mawu yobwereka. Chinenero cha Chirasha amachokera kwa Latin. Nawonso Aroma anabwereka mawu kuchokera kwa Agriki makhalidwe angapo. nkhono zimene wakupatsa chofiira, ndi lofiirira utoto, ndi mdima yofiira kavalidwe kapena chobvala.

Kodi mawu akuti "porphyry"?

Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli, ife titembenukira kwa mawu. Malinga ndi mafotokozedwe ake mu chinenero chamakono Russian mawu "porphyry" amatanthauza:

• magenta, wofiirira kapena mdima wofiira mtundu;
• wapadera algae wofiira zopezeka m'nyanja mabacteria ndi kuzizira;
• yaitali mwinjiro wa papu, imene Chimonko ankavala yekha pa zochitika zapadera ndi chikondwerero;
• gornokamennuyu pristine thanthwe pafupi Miyalayo;
• utoto wakuda Mtundu wofiira ndi mitundu osiyana;
• chibakuwa ndi nsalu, amene kale anali anafuna zovala chapamwamba kwa anthu mfumu ndi anthu ena ofunika.

utoto

Iwo anali woyamba kuchotsa porphyry Foinike. Iwo anasonkhana ku nyanja mu mbalambanda kwa zipolopolo zazing'ono, iliyonse ili mbamuikha kubala monga madontho ochepa a madzi nkhungu. Ichi chinali chachikulu utoto mtundu porphyry. Kwa mumtsuko waung'ono wodzazidwa ndi madzimadzi amenewa kuluka osema anapatsidwa siliva ingot masekeli magalamu 8.4. Izi utoto-papezeka nsalu, imene kenako anapanga zovala. Chachikulu mbali ya porphyry anapereka mithunzi wofiirira, madzi - mtundu wofiira. kulimbikira kwambiri anali yotengedwa nyanja zipolopolo utoto porphyry. Zovala pa nsalu omwe analipo, ndikanatha kuvala kuchokera pafupifupi tsiku lililonse popanda imfa ya mtundu. zovala amenewa mwachidwi anagula atsogoleri, ansembe, akalonga ndi mafumu. Ichi chinali chifukwa osati mkulu khalidwe la zinthu, komanso mtengo kwambiri nsalu zomwe zakhala zina ndi item mwanaalirenji.

Masiku ano, limalephera, kupereka porphyry salinso ncho. Mu nsalu iyi mtundu wa nkhosa wonyika mu ntchito mitundu yokumba. Ndi chosavuta kwambiri, mtengo ndipo kuposa ku Foinike. Komabe anthu anapita mu mbiriyakale monga anatulukira utoto mtundu wa porphyry.

chofunda

Woyamba lachifumu porphyry mu Russia anapangidwa mu 1724 kuti coronation wa Catherine I. Kulemera kwa chovala anali makilogalamu 60. Ndi chobvala izo zinapangidwa ndi clasp wapadera, zomwe ndalama za zana chikwi.

Kuyambira pamenepo, Russia ndi limodzi mwa regalia mphamvu porphyry. chovala anali ngati malaya yaitali popanda manja. The kumtunda kwa chovala chokongoletsedwa pelerine ermine, wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a kolala ndi. Pa nsana anali ofiirira nsalu dziko chizindikiro. Ermine anapangidwa ndi m'mbali zonse zovala zachifumu, utali umene ndi kuzungulira kwa mfumu anali 5 mamita 67 cm, ndi kwa Mfumukazi - 4 mamita 98 cm.

Kale Byzantine wofiirira monga malaya anali fixture mu ambuye wa boma la Roma. Mwinjiro wa papu anaonekera Chachikulu kusiyana ndi mafumu Etruscan. Kuwonjezera chovala ankavala mafumu amenewa ansembe amene ankaneneratu za m'tsogolo.

miyala

Porphyry mwala ndi lochokera kwa chiphala. mtundu umenewu, umene wapangidwa ndi inclusions lalikulu la mchere osiyana. Porphyry ali ndi dongosolo microcrystalline ndi lagawidwa ndi khwatsi ndipo sanali khwatsi. Gwiritsani mwala uwu monga kuwamaliza, kukongoletsa ndi zomangila kwambiri.

Mbiri ya ntchito za mtundu wa

Munthu woyamba khwatsi porphyry anayamba ntchito Aigupto mbuye. Ndipo mu luso lopanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuchokera mwala akwaniritsa m'mwamba zedi. Inamangidwa ndi sarcophagi porphyry. mwala uwu ankagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mizati ndi mafano, komanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana mkati. Izo ziyenera kuti zinthu zonse za Kale, zopangidwa porphyry, tsopano wamtengo wapatali luso. Mu ulamuliro wa Farao ndi Aigupto, mwala uwu amaona chizindikiro cha chuma ndi mphamvu. Mtengo chomwecho kuimira porphyry ndi mafumu a ku Ulaya ndi ku Roma. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku thanthwe ili chiphala, anafuna kukhala mafumu onse ndi olamulira.

The Russian wapatali madipoziti mwala ankagwidwa mu Altai, pafupi Korgon Mtsinje. Izo zinachitika m'nthawi ya 18. Korgon porphyry ankagwiritsa ntchito yomanga St. Petersburg. Iye anayenda kwa ziboliboli kufa-odulidwa ndi Antiokeya-reliefs zokongoletsera nyumbayi. Zamgululi zopangidwa porphyry, ankagwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe ka analeredwa mwanaalirenji. Ndipo zinthu mkati Russian zachifumu zonse zidalengedwa ndi amisiri awo, osema miyala, amene luso wotchuka padziko lonse. Ndipo lero, pa nthawi zina la mbale ndi Miphika ya porphyry pa mafakitale Peterhof, Ural ndipo Altai, mukhoza amasirira kuyendera Hermitage. Zina za ntchito izi mphoto pa chionetsero World ku Vienna, Paris ndi London. Pali ntchito ndi Russian ambuye-cutters ndi m'mamyuziyamu ambiri a dziko.

M'zaka za m'ma 20 lalikulu porphyry gawo anapeza kumpoto kwa Italy, m'chigawo cha Trento. Mwala wa zigawo awa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito amaika mumsewu msewu European.

Thupi ndi makina makhalidwe

Kodi katundu porphyry? Izi mwala ndi makhalidwe mkulu avale zosagwira. Izo mwangwiro khalidwe mapangidwe zikuwononga, kusonyeza kukana kuti wothandizila zosiyanasiyana mankhwala. Komanso, Porphyry ali katundu kwambiri matenthedwe kutchinjiriza, umene uli wofunika kwambiri kwa zinthu nyengo Russian. Stone chimatsutsana kumva kuwawa, zimakhudza ndi kukanda. Pankhaniyi, ndi cholimba ndipo sayenera kusamalidwa.

Malinga ndi katundu thupi ndi makina a zinthu zimenezi zikufanana ndi lubwe. Porphyry, kuwonjezera, kuposa mphamvu pafupifupi makumi asanu peresenti. M'pofunikanso kuti, mosiyana ndi lubwe, chiphala mwala kuti mwala konse kutha.

N'zochititsa chidwi cholimba kwambiri porphyry ali wochepa thupi yeniyeni ndi mkulu mayamwidwe madzi. Umatiuza za matabwa ake porous, amene amalola mwala kudzimvera woyera. Mafuta, mafuta kapena mafuta Madontho kuwonekera pa porphyry, pambuyo nthawi zina kutha paokha.

Zomangila wa miyala chiphala ankaimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali miyala ofiira ndi obiriwira, zofiirira ndi wachikasu, imvi ndi violet. Nthawi zambiri zinthu ndi mitundu variegated.

Ntchito mwala porphyry

Pakali pano, zinthu zachilengedwe chiyambi chiphala pa phiri chotchuka kwambiri yomanga. porphyry khwatsi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'tauni ndi zomangamanga malo. Stone zikuwoneka wokongola chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake zazikulu zachilengedwe, chidwi zachilengedwe chitsanzo ndi kukhalapo kwa osiyanasiyana yaikulu mitundu.

Yokongola makhalidwe porphyry wotere kuti ntchito zonse kunja ndi ntchito mkati. Olimba mwala kukongoletsa pamakoma a nyumba ya ntchito amaika mumsewu, patios ndi msewu. Porphyry kukongoletsa miyendo aponda. Iwo ngakhale chabe demarcate danga kuti zikuwoneka chidwi kwambiri.

Pakuti liza mabeseni amagwiritsidwanso porphyry. Matailosi anapangidwa kuchokera nkhaniyi ali pamwamba akhakula, amene kumatha kuthekera kutsetsereka.

Olimba ndi cholimba mwala zachilengedwe ikuoneka ngati flowerbeds edging ndi msewu. Ndi yabwino kuyala pamwamba kukhala kukondera lalikulu.
Olemera ndi zamakono tione chipinda, mu ulemerero mkati mwa zomwe mlengi ntchito porphyry. Izi chodabwitsa kukongola mwala ntchito makoma, pansi panyumba fireplaces, zenera sills. Amenewa nyumba - chitsimikizo cha apamwamba a ntchito, ngakhale ntchito zovuta kwambiri.

wofiira algae

Mu madzi a Mediterranean ndi Black Pacific, komanso m'madera zikuluzikulu m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Asia anthu mbewu yodabwitsa. Izo zikuwoneka ngati pepala kapena mbale lonse la bulauni mtundu ndi m'mbali ovutika. zomera amatchedwa "porphyry". Kelp imatchedwanso wofiira letesi nyanja. mtundu zachilendo wofiirira walandira chifukwa zinthu zina zopezeka mu kapangidwe kake monga phycocyanin, fikoaritrin ndi chlorophyll. Kusakanikirana zachilendo, ndipo amapereka amenewa chidwi chomera mtundu. Nthawi zina pali mbiri brownish wofiirira, pinki, ofiira kapena bluish mtundu.

Kuyambira kalekale, anthu ntchito Seaweed kudya. Zomera zimenezi amakhalanso galu chakudya.

Kufikira tsopano, anthu a Japan ndi China chikuzika porphyry. Kelp kwa anthu m'mayiko amenewa ndi mwambo chakudya ndi mowa wake ndi wofanana ndi zokometsera. Koma anthu a ku Ulaya, iwo analawa chofiira nyanja letesi, ntchito kokha zolinga kudyetsa, umene ndi chisoni, chifukwa ndi mankhwala olemera mapuloteni ndi mavitamini A, D, C, B _1, B ₂ B _12.

Red algae (porphyry) ankagwiritsa ntchito kuphika wa Japan. okhalamo amalitchula nori mbewu. Fungo la mtundu wa porphyry, wophuka pafupi ndi gombe la Japan, akufanana kabichi, ndi kukoma ndi yofanana ndi sipinachi. Ngati nyanja masamba kwa katundu wawo zothandiza, ndi chomasuka ntchito. Nori ntchito monga zokongoletsa chotchedwa sushi. Izi algae Japanese amakonda kudya mpunga ndi kuwonjezera iwo kuti soups saladi. Ong'ambika kapena kum'pondereza masamba wofiirira chokongoletsedwa kudya Zakudyazi ndi dziko losanganikirana. Nori Seaweed chikondi kununkhira wautsi yowawitsa fungo la madzi nyanja.

"Porphyry" kampani

Modern munthu amene amayamikira kukoma zabwino, azoloŵera mawu monga nsapato Italy ndi magalimoto German, ulonda Swiss ndi zonunkhira French. zinthu zonsezi a kalasi umafunika ndipo akupezeka kale odziwika zopangidwa. Komabe, kutchuka samabwera tsiku limodzi. Ndipo amene lero ndi mtsogoleri kupanga malonda, ali yaitali, nthawi ngakhale zaka zakubadwa mbiri ya chitukuko.

Komabe, zopangidwa pamwamba dziko mowirikiza anayatsa nyenyezi yatsopano. Mmodzi wa iwo anali olimba "Porphyry". Ndi ili mu Belarus, dziko ndi mwambo yaitali kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndi wapadera, kusamala kwambiri. Lero, mu Soviet Union ndi mkhalidwe katundu wopangidwa Belarus. Kaya ndi chakudya kapena zodzoladzola, zovala akazi kapena nsapato, mawu akuti "Anapanga mu Belarus" ndi mtundu wa chitsimikizo cha khalidwe.

Ulimi wa kampani katundu anthu kuchita "Porphyry"? zovala akazi - ichi ndi cholinga chake chachikulu. Fashion chitsanzo ophatikizana miyambo yabwino ya sukulu Chibelarusi makampani kuwala ndi mamangidwe. Atamasulidwa yekha umisiri wamakono kwambiri.

kanayi pa chaka zopereka zatsopano ogula ndi "Porphyry". Zovala akazi, wopangidwa kalembedwe European, amapereka zochititsa chidwi ankafika pa chithunzi ndi apamwamba angachite.

Yopangidwa ndi zovala "Porphyry" akazi ayenera reincarnate. Oimira theka chilungamo anthu likhoza kusankha minimalist opanda cholakwa kapena wamatama ethno zonse zapamwamba zogwirizana ndi bohemia yowoneka bwino. Mulimonse mmene mwina, zovala ku Chibelarusi sewerolo mkazi akuona yekha inimitable. zitsanzo zonse anapereka zopereka si zinthu mayina kuti mabungwe malonda kugula yogulitsa ndi ritelo. An Kuchuluka kwa akazi akhala admirers ya mtundu "Porphyry", kutanthauza chiyambi cha mbiri yatsopano ya mtunduwu. Mwina unachitikira pang'ono ndithu nthawi, ndi Minsk udzakhala ndi mfundo za unyolo wotchuka, womwenso atsopano mafashoni likulu la dziko, monga Paris ndi Milan, New York, London ndi Tokyo.