Pulezidenti Vashington Dzhordzh: MBIRI ntchito ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Woyamba American pulezidenti Dzhordzh Vashington moyenerera amatchedwanso la "Atate wa Dziko Lathu." Kudzera mwa ntchito zake North America muli kulamulira mu England, ndi zake mayi dziko, ufulu wodzilamulira anapezanso Constitution. Kukumbukira chithunzi chapadera zandale ndi anthu moyo imeneyi mu mutu wa likulu US, komanso boma, street chigwa, nyanja, zilumba ndi mapiri.

Mwana wa munthu zigawo dziko woyeza

Dzhordzh Vashington, pulezidenti woyamba US anabadwa February 22, 1732 mu banja la mwinimunda otchuka Avgustina Vashingtona, amene ankakhala mu madera North America ya Virginia. Woyeza mu ntchito yawo yaikulu, bambo wa masiku onse anakhala m'minda chilengedwe ozungulira malo awo. Mayi pulezidenti wa m'tsogolo - Mary Mpira Washington, anatsogolera banja, kuthera yekha kwa ana amene anali asanu m'banja. maphunziro ake akhala kunyumba ndi maphunziro kokha, kumene mu zaka zoyambilira anali George.

Pakutayika pa zaka khumi ndi tinatengera ntchito atate ake ndi kuyeza malo, Pulezidenti tsogolo Washington anayamba ntchito m'mamawa. Kale mu 1748 iye anachita nawo ntchito geodesic ikuchitika mu Shenandoah Valley, ndipo patatha chaka anakhala nduna yoyeza Culpepper County.

Kulimbana achinyamata a pulezidenti tsogolo

Mu zaka zoyambilira za munthu lake lapamtima anali theka-m'bale Lawrence pambuyo mayi ake, pambuyo amene imfa mu 1752, George anatengera malo ambiri, yomwe ili pa Potomac Mtsinje, chotero ufulu wodzilamulira ndalama. Pa nthawi yomweyo analandira udindo wa militias yaikulu m'dera kuchititsa ntchito ankhondo ndi asilikali British.

The amafotokoza za nthawi imeneyi, moyo Washington ndi odzala ndi mafotokozedwe a ntchito ya usilikali, ndipo ambiri mwa anali mtsogoleri. Mu 1755, pa umodzi wa maulendo ake Fort Duquesne, iye anatengedwera mkaidi, koma kamodzi mu kanthawi pa lotayirira, kuti abweretse kuti mapeto. Pamene nkhondo yolimbana ndi asilikali British anali bwinobwino, pulezidenti wa Washington, ali udindo wa wamkulu, iye anapitiriza kumenyana ndi French ndi Amwenye anaukira zigawo za atsamunda m'deralo.

Ukwati ndi chiyambi cha zandale

Anatsanzika mu 1758, twente-sikisi Mwamunayu George anabwerera ku Virginia n'kukwatira mnyamata wamasiye Martha Dandridge Custis, amene anali kale ku ukwati woyamba wa ana awiri. malirime zoipa kuti, pomaliza ukwati, Washington ankatsogoleredwa makamaka ndi zolinga zadyera, koma ku Maulendo a m'nthawi zikuonekeratu kuti iwo anakhala mosangalala mpaka kalekale, ngakhale pakalibe ana wamba.

Dzhordzh Vashington - pulezidenti woyamba wa United States - anayamba ntchito yake ya ndale ndi kugwira nawo ntchito ya Assembly Zokonza wa Virginia, umene anali osankhidwa mu nthawi kuchokera 1758 mpaka 1774. Mu ntchito yake, iye anali mzere wa chiyanjanitso ndi dziko mayi, ngakhale kuti boma la British chinalepheretsa patsogolo wambiri dziko payekha pa gawo lake madera North America.

Mdani wa chiwawa ndi anzake

Imodzi mwa njira London waona mmene mfundo Washington wa Kunyanyala katundu British. anzake ndi anzake anali kenako anakhala wotchuka kanjedza andale Patrick Henry ndi Thomas Jefferson. Kupyola mu mzere awo, iwo Komabe, ankatsutsa kanthu zachiwawa.

Imathamanga, makamaka, maganizo oipa kwambiri otchedwa Boston Tiyi Party - chiwonongeko mu December 1773 mu Boston Harbor tiyi katundu kufika ku England, poyankha zimene boma la Britain anatengera mndandanda wa malamulo sankaloledwa atsamunda.

Kachiwiri, pakati pa nkhondo

kukhwimitsa achititsa yoweyula anakwiya kudutsa nyanja ndi zinayambitsa chiyambi cha nkhondo ufulu US. Mkulu wa asilikali a dziko Ngelezi anali pamodzi osankhidwa ndi Dzhordzh Vashington, amene anatsala nthawi chiyembekezo oyanjanira ndi dziko amake, ndipo amene anaonekera June 1775 pa Congress msonkhano mu yunifolomu zonse.

Miyezi ya nkhondo sanali zimapindulitsa anatsogolera asilikali Washington. Komanso, mndandanda wa kulephera amakakamizidwa kuti tizipeleke kwa mdani midzi yambiri m'chigawo chapakati cha dziko. Chifukwa cholephera, monga zochitika zimasonyeza, anali kupanda udindo ndi akulu Congress.

Chithunzi wasintha kwambiri mu December 1776, pambuyo George Washington anali anapatsa ufulu, limanenera, zayamba mu udindo wa wolamulira mwankhaza asilikali. Molongosola mphamvu zochuluka m'manja mwake, iye anatha likatembenuza mafunde a nkhondo, ndipo kuyambira zopatsidwa kwa iye asilikali mbakhatoma kuwina chigonjetso akutiakuti. Mu nthawi yochepa, mzinda pamalo abwino zofunika analandidwa ku Boston, Saratoga, Princeton ndipo Trenton.

Chigonjetso kuzindikira za ufulu wa USA

zipambano ouziridwa, asilikali chokhala anapitiriza patsogolo, zinali mdani mbali zonse, amene kwambiri kuchuluka m'masiku amenewo kutchuka US m'bwalo lonse. Chifukwa cha zochita zawo wanzeru wa asilikali British anayamba adzipereke, anasaina November 18, 1781. Kuthana kukwaniritsidwa anali mkaidi ku November 1783 ku Paris pangano mtendere kuthetsa nkhondo ndi amene anali kuvomereza za ufulu wa USA.

Pambuyo mapeto wopambana cha nkhondoyi, wobvala Korona wa ulemerero mkulu anatsanzika n'kubwerera kwawo pa chuma cha Phiri Vernon, kamodzi adalandira ngati malowolo a. Anayamba gawo latsopano la moyo, lomwe limanena kuti, bwino kuti aliyense America ano, mbiri. Dzhordzh Vashington ku warlord anatembenukira mu ndondomeko anzeru.

Kulengedwa kwa Constitution

Chinthu choyamba makalata yapachiweniweni zitsulo analandira utsogoleri wa limati onse US limene, pofuna umphumphu wa dziko, anakuitanani kuti kuphatikiza mabuku a ulamuliro waukulu. Makamaka, Washington anayambitsa chiwembu cha alimi Massachusetts ku boma osankhidwa mwalamulo la Boston, monga njira yothetsera kusiyana konse anaona njira oyendetsera dziko yekha.

Popeza zikayenda chake choyambacho ndipo panopa maganizo andale, nzika mwasankha mutu wa Washington Convention, amene amagwira ntchito mu 1778 anali wasenza US Constitution. Ake ratification mofulumira ndithu ndi mayiko onse khumi ndi zitatu, mbali ya dziko anali kwakukulukulu alitcha Washington unquestionable ulamuliro pandekha anatsogolera ntchito pa chikalata ichi.

Mtsogoleri wa dziko la United States

Malinga Constituion, mutu wa boma ndi pulezidenti ndi udindo uwu Dzhordzh Vashington anali pamodzi osankhidwa ndi nthambi zonse za Electoral College pa mapeto a April 1789. Chotero unanimity zokhudza candidacy wake ndi chitsanzo chapadera cha mbiri lonse wotsatira wa dziko.

Patatha zaka zitatu, Pulezidenti Washington udakhazikika mwa nchito akuti china, ngakhale panokha mu msonkhano chisankho sanali nawo. Malinga ndi chigamulo cha Congress, malipiro ake pachaka anakwana 25 chikwi. Madola. Pokhala munthu wotetezedwa, Washington kwa iye poyamba anakana, koma anadzapeza n'zotheka kulandira ndalama.

The Constitution - lamulo wapamwamba wa boma la moyo

Dzhordzh Vashington - Pulezidenti US, amene anatsogolera chilengedwe cha demokalase, magulu onse anatumiza kuphunzitsa nzika kulemekeza malamulo. Monga wakale officio guarantor ake, iye anapereka chitsanzo anasonyezera kulemekeza kwambiri lamulo lofunika ili a boma, pozindikira kuti yekha mwa angaphunzire akukakamiza ulemu kwa anthu ake.

Popeza Washington anakhala pulezidenti pa nthawi imene State US anapezanso makhalidwe ake, komanso tcheru kwambiri chitukuko cha nthambi zake atatu a mphamvu. Monga wolamulira wanzeru, analenga pamalo lake, motsogozedwa ndi makhalidwe makamaka ozindikira ndipo akatswiri kwa ofuna ofesi yapamwamba. Izi zinamupatsa kupanga gulu, amene ntchito anabweretsa Zotsatira.

mbali zina za ulamuliro Washington

Characteristically, pulezidenti wa Washington, ndi pakati pa zilakolako za ndale, sanapereke ndi zokonda kuonekera kwa wina maphwando. Iye ankawoneka kuti atenga udindo chosalowerera ndale, kumatha mlandu wa kukondera ena a zosankha zake. Chifukwa choyenera veto chigamulo cha Congress zokayikitsa kuti Pulezidenti Washington ntchito kokha milandu poipa kwambiri, kuyesera kuti tizitsogoleredwa ndi zokonda zake, koma mogwirizana ndi lamulo.

Kupambana lofunika kwambiri la pulezidenti woyamba wa United States anali kukhazikitsidwa kwa wotchuka Bill za Ufulu Imachitika motsogozedwa wake kudzera Congress ndi Kazembe Madison. , Imatchedwanso kuti pambuyo akuti yachiwiri analimbikitsa kuthamanga kachitatu (kupambana anali akwaniritsa), koma iye anakana. Washington izi maziko a mwambo, mtsogolo anakonza nkhani lolingana la chilamulo, chimene mutsogoleli wadziko akhoza osati kusankhidwa kuposa kawiri.

Banal kwambiri mapeto a moyo

Dzhordzh Vashington anafa pa December 14, 1799. Chifukwa cha imfa ya munthu wamkulu uyu anakhala ozizira, analandira pa kavalo atakwera chuma chake. Medicine mu zaka anali sangafanane ndi mavuto, m'kukoma laryngitis pachimake ndi chibayo.

Chifukwa cha ntchito kuti Washington anachita kupeza ufulu US ndi mapangidwe dongosolo lonse boma, mu kukumbukira ana anayamikira, anavekedwa ndi udindo wa "Atate wa Nation." pulezidenti US kuyambira Washington - Dzhon Adams - Kodi iye miyambo wokhazikitsidwa kuloŵedwa m'malo mwake, anali cholengedwa cha wamphamvu demokalase.