Russian mwadzidzidzi malo. Kusunga zofunika

Chifukwa kukhalapo kwa malo mwadzidzidzi Russia (ndiye USSR), anthu mamiliyoni ambiri mwapulumutsidwa pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Dongosolo lomwelo boma ali msanga localize moto pa Chernobyl nyukiliya magetsi chimene chinayamba mu maola m'mawa kudwala-fated mu April 1986, ndi kupulumutsa bomba la nyukiliya Ukraine, Belarus ndi zigawo Europe.

M'matangadza of Ancient Lazaro ndi Tsarist Russia

Mu USSR, ife adaseleula motere naye kuti malo mwadzidzidzi ayenera kupereka anthu ndi kofunikira zaka khumi nkhondo. Komabe, mbiri ya mapangidwe kukhulupirika kwa malo ena anayamba m'masiku a Russia wakale, pamene m'matangadza chakudya unachitikira mu madera akuluakulu lopanda anthu ochuluka - mu mchitidwe. Kuti anapulumuka chidwi wa Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa, chakudya zomwe zingakhale zokwanira kwa zaka zingapo. Obisika, ndi njira, alipo lero, izo ili pa Islands Solovetsky (awa ndi wowopsa Solovki) mu White Sea.

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 18 Tsarist Russia m'matangadza ya tirigu (mbewu) ndi mchere anapangidwa 1913 pa mndandanda wa mankhwala kuwonjezera zina dzinthu ndi ufa. Pakati pa February ndi October zokomera zisinthe nkhokwe bourgeois boma expectedly anathamangira kunja, koma woyamba Soviet boma kale mu 1926 chinali chiyambi cha chilengedwe ndi thumba malo, amene malamulo pa mlingo wokweretsa boma.

The mbiri yoyambirira ya Soviet boma malo

Ndipotu NT mu USSR anaonekera mu 1931, pamene Komiti inakhazikitsidwa nkhokwe, ndipo mutu wake Amasankhidwa Kuibyshev. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, lonse kotunga mwadzidzidzi mankhwala imvera ulamuliro koposa mabungwe munthu, mabungwe ndi makampani. The woyamba chikalata cha mapangidwe ndi malo boma anali olembedwa mu 1939. Ndiye nkhokwe boma dongosolo mu ndondomeko awasungira kufikira tsopano.

kotunga Emergency mu zaka zi- ndi positi-nkhondo

Tiyeni kuulula chuma cha dziko lathu. Pre-nkhondo zinthu zopangidwa kofunika kuonjezera NC. kotunga Emergency anali tsopano mungathe kukwaniritsa zofuna za mafakitale. Pa nthawi imeneyi, si malo yekha kwa anthu kutengapo mbali wa asilikali, monga izo zinaliri kale. Popeza 1939, namsenza kusungiramo wopatulika malo mwadzidzidzi. Amakhala ndi mankhwala ndi zipangizo manja ndi asilikali zida, chakudya, mafuta, azachuma ndi matenda (Mavalidwe, mankhwala) pa chuma.

Makamaka mphako mwadzidzidzi malo kuthandiza amapanga zochokera yaikulu Soviet Union mu zaka zoyambilira za Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Monga izo ndi zotsutsana, koma nthawi imeneyi ndi nkhokwe Soviet Union wakhala si utachepa, koma kuchuluka pafupifupi kawiri chifukwa tini zotayidwa, faifi tambala, nthaka, mkate ndi nyama zam'chitini. Pambuyo Kugonjetsa Great anali ambiri ayesetsa kutsitsimutsa boma malo dongosolo, koma n'zotheka yekha 60 chaka TH.

NZ mu khumi zapitazo zaka mazana makumi awiri

Mu 1990 inakhalapo oyang'anira chuma chuma kwa mwadzidzidzi. Kapangidwe lakonzedwa mapangidwe boma dongosolo malo, wopangidwa mwa chakudya, chipatala, chuma, zakuthupi ndi chuma luso.

dongosolo lakonzedwa pamaziko a deta zowerengera ndi kupereka mwamsanga patsogolo kanthu ngati zakugwa mwadzidzidzi: masoka achilengedwe, zopangidwa ndi masoka, asilikali olusa ndi mitundu ina ya Russia ndi ngozi zina mtundu wonsewo. Kusunga zofunika ikuchitika mu nyumba, kapena boma malo pa mfundo zina ili m'madera onse a Russia.

"Pa State Zofunika Reserve"

Modern mwadzidzidzi malo (mapangidwe ake, yosungirako ndi zikuchokera) ndi malamulo Federal cha 1994 "Pa State Zofunika Reserve".
Chikalatachi anakhazikitsa kuti boma malo mu Russia kuti:

• kuonetsetsa Kupha mwamsanga zotsatira za masoka achilengedwe ndipo opangidwa masoka;
• makonzedwe yake thandizo umunthu ndi thandizo anthu kumadera anakhudzidwa ndi nzika za ku Russia: anthu awo, mabizinesi, mabungwe mabungwe;
• makonzedwe amene amadza zolimbana pa msika pa mavuto azachuma ndi mphamvu;
• kuonetsetsa zosowa za Russia mu nthawi yolimbikitsa.

Kapangidwe ka Russian malo mwadzidzidzi

Mu 2006, mu ulemu wa boma chikumbutso semidesyatipyatiletnego dongosolo malo ntchito feduro pang'ono anachotseratu chophimba cha mobisa ndipo anapanga mbali yaing'ono ya atolankhani Rosrezerva. Mu lipoti wapadera, "NZ" anamasulidwa yokha ka mfundo za chinsinsi chofunika kwambiri kapangidwe Russian Federation.

Amadziwika kuti nthawi ya boma malo pafupifupi 10 000 mayina a mankhwala chakudya, zipangizo zachipatala, zida za nkhondo ndi katundu mafakitale. Mmene nkhokwe za dziko, mukudziwa anthu awiri okha: pulezidenti wa ku Russia ndi kutsogolera Rosrezerva dongosolo. Otsiriza, poyamba, akutitsimikizira kuti nkhokwe adzakhala kumupatsa anthu onse la Russia pasanathe miyezi itatu mwadzidzidzi. Kumene, tikulankhula makamaka chakudya. Mankhwala, Mavalidwe, zipangizo, zovala ndi mafuta zasungidwa yaitali.

Kuwonjezera katundu wofunikira, mu dongosolo NT tichipeza mabungwe: Institute Research, Experimental Mawotchi Bzalani, Polytechnic College ndi Technology Information Center.

Nkhokwe ya mankhwala kusungidwa osati yaitali alumali moyo, koma ngakhale manja ndi singano, mndandanda chachikulu cha mankhwala, namkulunga, Mavalidwe, zovala ndi nsalu, zopangira zida, ndipo ngakhale mfutizo milatho mafuta njanji kumitsinje chachikulu. Anthu oposa theka la NT ndi chakudya, choncho akhalire kusinthidwa zaka limodzi kapena awiri, ena (zitsulo, zipangizo, zovala, etc.) - pakatha zaka 15.

Kutanthauzira ndi zida yosungirako Rosrezerva

Kusunga zofunika kusungidwa mu mobisa lotsatira. Aliyense sitolo yatenganso mapampu wamphamvu vuto la pansi osefukira ndipo pafupifupi theka-mita zitseko chitsulo.

nyumba, zomwe zili mamita osachepera 150 pansipa pansi, anatha kupirira bomba la nyukiliya kapena yaikulu masoka achilengedwe. Akukhulupirira kuti sitolo ili kutali ndi kumene anthu, koma malo enieni amadziwika bwino kwa anthu awiri zatchulidwazi.

State nkhokwe ya limati zina

Amadziwika kuti kotunga pangozi ya Russian ntchito pafupifupi makumi atatu ntchito ya Utumiki wa mwadzidzidzi ndi kuonetsetsa yobereka yake ya thandizo akuwonjezerekabe mayiko makumi awiri zakunja. Mwa njira, m'mayiko komanso tcheru kwambiri mapangidwe nkhokwe. Choncho, pali zambiri kuti chakudya chopatulika cha United States of America nkhokwe lidzakhalapo kwa zaka ziwiri nkhondo.

Wogwila Rosrezerva zonse kusinthitsa zina zokhudza nkhokwe mwadzidzidzi anzake ku mayiko CIS ndi Europe, matanthauzo gawo zikuchitika ndi kukambirana lonse. Cooperation amapereka mwayi kwa zinthu m'njira yolongosoka mwamsanga vuto la mwadzidzidzi aliyense wa ukulu padziko lonse.