The octeni chiwerengero - zikutanthauza chiyani?

Petulo mu mabuku osiyanasiyana ankadya lonse. mitundu zambiri, koma ife, monga nthawizonse, ine ndikufuna kutenga bwino mankhwala khalidwe. Kuonanso sukulu zosiyanasiyana mafuta ntchito yapadera chizindikiro - octeni chiwerengero, amene angathe zimaonetsa katundu ndi mafuta. Makamaka zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa katundu detonation ndi kuthekera ntchito sukulu osiyana a mafuta mu injini zamakono

Kuti timvetsetse zimene octeni chiwerengero, m'pofunika kuganizira njira zikuchitika pa ntchito engine. Pakuwonana koyamba, ndi lophweka - pamene pisitoni amasuntha mmwamba yamphamvu buku amachepetsa, ili mmenemo mafuta osakaniza (chisakanizo cha mpweya kufanana zina ndi mafuta nthunzi) ali wothinikizidwa. Kandulo amapereka mphamvu osakaniza anali kuunikiridwa ndi chifukwa awiri kuyaka, kuwonjezeka koopsa mu Volume, pisitoni ndi anasamukira downwards.

Anafotokoza kuti ngwadidi mu mawonekedwe a ziwembu, koma kwenikweni mu ndondomeko pali mfundo zina zabwino zambiri kuti akhoza kwambiri kusintha chithunzi. Popanda wokhudza ovuta injini, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane kuyaka mafuta. Kawirikawiri pali chete, kuyaka yosalala. Mu ena intermediates anapanga pa ndondomekoyi. Akusiyana Kusakhazikika, ndipo pamene a kuyaka zachiwawa ndende ena angayambe.

Idzakhala ndondomeko chosiyana. Mlingo wa lawi kafalitsidwe pamene wamba kuyaka - makumi a mamita pa wachiwiri, ndi pa kuyaka ndi zachiwawa - mpaka 2500 m / s. Pankhaniyi, galimoto umagwira ntchito kwambiri zinthu katundu, ndi zachilendo phokoso ndi injini kugogoda. Chotero lakuthwa, kulira phokoso madalaivala odziwa yodziwika ndi losavuta - "chala pogogoda" imene ili chizindikiro cha detonation ndi limakhudza anthu injini ntchito.

Anti-kugogoda katundu wa mafuta monga amadziwika nambala octeni. Inu tsopano mukhoza kupita ku galimoto ndi. Popeza kuti okonza nthawi zonse nkhawa ndi kupeza mphamvu zambiri pa galimoto yomweyo, ceteris paribus. Chophweka njira - kuonjezera injini ya psinjika chiŵerengero.

Ndi kuwonjezeka psinjika chiŵerengero cha kusakaniza mafuta m'kati kuyaka zimatulutsa mphamvu zambiri, motero kuwonjezeka injini mphamvu. Apa octeni mafuta ndi khalidwe la mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga propensity awo detonation. The apamwamba phindu, chindichepere mosavuta kugogoda. wokhutira anatsimikiza ndi kuthekera chimasanduka zosiyanasiyana mafuta. Kukhazikitsa antiknock kukana amangoona ntchito njira ziwiri - galimoto ndi kafukufuku.

Ndondomeko kuyeza chiwerengero octeni pa nkhani iliyonse ali ake, ndi mtengo wake udzakhala wosiyana kwa wina view kayesedwe. chotsatirachi chimaonetsedwa zoti a mtundu wa mafuta. Petulo, anali ndi njira injini yoikidwiratu, mwachitsanzo, A 92, ndipo Research - AI-92. Kwakukulu octeni nambala, ndi apamwamba a mafuta detonation kukana, ndipo amaona zabwino khalidwe.

mu sitandade otsika mafuta kuonjezera kukana kuti detonation anawonjezera amene kuchepetsa chizolowezi kugogoda - antidetonators, umene mafuta zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mkulu-octeni. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi tetraethyl patsogolo. Kumuyamikila ndi zina zina ntchito molumikizana ndi iyo, anachepetsa mphamvu ya detonation wa osakaniza kuyaka ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero octeni. Mafuta limene kuwonjezera zina izi, wotchedwa leaded. Pofuna kusiyanitsa ku Mwachizolowezi, papezeka. Mafuta kugogoda kukana afika mphamvu, koma izi kuziona ngati mpweya woipa, ndipo osavomerezeka ntchito m'mayiko ambiri.

Ntchito ngati mafuta ndi gasi. Pamene ntchito mavuto detonation chiyani osadzuka, chifukwa octeni chiwerengero mpweya pamwamba: ndi 105 mayunitsi pa avareji.

Mabukuwa zikutisonyeza mu sukulu zosiyanasiyana za mafuta, khalidwe ndi maonekedwe. Mafotokozedwe a zimayambitsa detonation ndi yaikulu katundu wa octeni mafuta.