Saint Sebastian mu katswiri wa zojambulajambula

Mu mbiri ya luso ndi nkhani zomwe anauziridwa ojambula kwa zaka zambiri. St Sebastian, nthano umene unachokera mu oyambirira Ages Middle, chimasonyeza zojambula ndi frescoes zikwi aluso ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. zithunzi zimenezi? ndi pempho la fano chiyani?

Wankhondo ndi wofera

Events, limene likusimba nthano za Sebastian woyera, kunachitika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma wachitatu, pa nyengo ya chizunzo yaikulu imene Akristu. Woonamtima ndi mtima Sebastian anali mkulu wa gululo mu chitetezo patokha Diocletian ndi Mfumu Maximilian. Kukhala othandiza chinsinsi cha chiphunzitso cha Khristu, iye anatembenukira kwa chipembedzo latsopano la asilikali awo, mothandizana ndi chikhulupiriro cha anthu ozunzidwa ndi akunja.

Pamene maganizo ake adatseguka, Diocletian analamula oponya mivi kuwombera Sebastian. Iye womangidwa kwa mtengo ndi zipolopolo mivi pa iye. Kukhulupirira kuti iye atafa, asilikaliwo anadzudzula mu nkhalango. Saint Sebastian anapezeka amene anabwera kuti wamuika m'manda wamoyo, ndipo mayi wa bwenzi la St. Irene, kutulukamo. Sebastian sanafune kusiya Rome mobisa ndi ankatsutsa ndi Diocletian, kumugwetsera mu nkhope ya atamunamizira nkhanza. Mwa dongosolo la mfumu wofera anamenyedwa imfa ndi kuponyedwa mtsinje ndi zimbudzi. mtembo wake anali anachira kuyambira pamenepo Saint Lucia, amene anali Sebastian mu loto. Iye m'manda thupi pafupi Apiyo ndi manda a padaonekera Cathedral wa St. Sebastian.

Pa aakulu mliri mliri kuti anakhudzidwa Ulaya Ages Middle, osakayika ankalingalira kuti matenda imafalikira kudzera mu mpweya. Zouluka mivi anakantha woyera, unakhala chizindikiro cha matenda a nkhanza, ndi Sebastian anali chimake cha chitetezo tsoka inexorable. M'zaka wachisanu ndi chiwiri iwo zinadziwika choncho kumene chizindikiro nzika kuposa anamanga mliri malo tchalitchi wodzipereka kwa Sebastian ndi mliri idaleka. Kuyambira pamenepo, mwambo wa woyera anakhala ambiri. Mpingo ndi zithunzi za wofera anaonekera mu Europe.

iconography yaikulu

Akuti padziko 6000 analenga chifanizo cha St. Sebastian. Aliyense wojambula akuganizira masomphenya ake a fano, pogwiritsa ntchito njira luso nthawi yake.

Mmodzi wa chithunzi ovomerezeka zojambulidwa ndi ambuye a oyambirira Kubadwa Kwatsopano Antonello Da Messina (c. 1429 / 1431-1479). Mu chithunzi chake, tikuona mnyamata womangidwa kwa mtengo ndi kuombedwa ndi mivi, pakati moyo wa nyumba zabwino m'tawuni arches mkulu, imene malire buluu. Nzika mikanjo wolemera amapita mwakachetechete za malonda awo. Chithunzi cha ngwazi ndi ofanana ndi fano wakale, munthu aonetsa kukana zinthu zonse padziko lapansi, sikuti iye zindikirani kuwawa kulikonse ku mabala ake, kapena kukongola kwa Edene. Kukhulupirira chikhulupiriro choona ndi kukhumba kuti Mulungu amapereka munthu kukongola ndi oyera mwauzimu - ichi ndicho chithunzi.

Kukongola kwa chikhulupiriro choona tikuonera zojambula zina zambiri, ngwazi amene anali St. Sebastian. Iwo analemba Kubadwa Kwatsopano ambuye monga Sandro Bottichelli (1445-1510), Rafael Santi (1483-1520), Petro Perudzhino (1446-1523), Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio (1466-1516).

Tiziano Vecellio (1488/1490 - 1576)

khalidwe lina ndithu otchulidwa kupenta wake titaniyamu Kubadwa Kwatsopano - Titian. Saint Sebastian - ndi wamphamvu, ndi kudekha chikhulupiriro kupewa zoipa. Sewero la kutha kumene kukubwera bwino mtundu mdima, malo mwachibadwa. Koma osati zochititsa chidwi ntchito wachisoni, muli zosiyanasiyana mithunzi ya moto, utsi, walawilawi likamalowa kumwamba.

Titian - ndi wojambula woona wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano. mtima wake kuti chiyanjano cha thupi zimachokera ku miyambo yakale, ambuye wobwezeretsedwa wa chi. Ndi kulimbika ndi ufulu chuma wowoneka kumatsegula njira amisiri wa m'badwo wotsatira.

Old nkhani chithunzi chatsopano

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri akubwera kalembedwe osiyanasiyana kupenta. ambuye Baroque kupitiriza mwambo amene ankagona Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Titian. Saint Sebastian akufotokozedwa ngati munthu wamng'ono wokongola, ndi ngwazi wakale. Koma tsopano zambiri zovuta zikuchokera, mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi phale. Loyang'anizana m'zithunzi - zinalimbana ndi moyo. Iwo ndi kuchita osati monga ngwazi la nthano, iwo anatengedwa ndi wojambula kuchokera chilengedwe, kuchokera zenizeni.

Genius amene anatsogolera anthu ena anakhala Michelangelo Merisi de A Caravaggio (1573 - 1610). zojambula wake zochitika m'Baibulo kwa nthawi yaitali losadziwika ndi mpingo ndi boma. akufalikira wake ndi indomitable mosatsata moyo wake kulenga. Koma anasiya lonse kwa kupenta - Karavadzhizm.

kupenta wake "The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian" amadziwika kokha m'mabaibulo, koma otsatira za wojambula penti phunziro lomwelo kusonyeza makamaka kupenta kalembedwe Caravaggio. "Saint Sebastian" ndi Josep de A Ribera (1591-1652) - mwaluso watsopano kupenta ake nthawi. Khalidwe mdima maziko Chili likuyaka ziwerengero mbali wandiweyani mu zovuta moyenera zikuchokera. Mapulaneti zinalengedwa olembedwa matenda thupi la ofera, nkhope St. Irene wa zikuuluka mngelo yomweyo kukopa tcheru. Kuti kupenta, amene amapereka kuya, muyatsa utoto pa mdima maziko kuwala khalidwe la karavadzhistov.

Nthawi zina, munthu yekha kuwala gwero, ngati chithunzi ndi Georges de A La ulendo (1593-1652) "St. Sebastian ndi St. Irene." lawi kandulo amapulumutsira mumdima mosatha kuneneka kukongola mkazi nkhope Irene chithunzi atagona anyamata ndi kulira akazi. kuyatsa likutsindika kusewera mochenjera mokoma mtundu ndipo amapereka lonse powonekera ndi tanthauzo lapadera.

Chiwembu nthawi zonse

Ojambula zithunzi nthawi zonse chidwi ndi maganizo amene ali obadwa pafupi moyo ndi imfa, zabwino ndi zoipa. Chizindikiro cha nkhondo imeneyi inali Saint Sebastian. Chithunzi ndi nkhani zambiri mabwana lalikulu la kupenta. El Agiriki (1541-1614), Peter Paulo Rubens (1577-1640), Ezhen Delakrua (1798-1863), Kamil Koro (1796-1875), Salvador Dali (1904-1989) ankafotokozedwa ndi zinthu zina pa moyo wa St. Sebastian.

Common kwa iwo - mkulu luso wobadwa ndi nkhani yolimbikitsa ndi wanzeru wojambula.