Salt asidi carbonic. Ntchito salt asidi carbonic

zidulo Mankwala kwambiri makampani mankhwala. Ndipotu, iwo ndi zopangira kwa syntheses ambiri, catalyze ndondomeko, akhale ngati wothandizira dehydrating kwa madzi m'thupi ndi zina zotero.

Komabe, ngakhale lofunika kwambiri salt awo - M'MALO mankhwala a haidrojini metal mu kapangidwe ka tinthu awo. asidi Carbonic chikutanthauza ndi wapadera. Ndipotu mwa iwo wokha iyo pafupifupi kulibe, mpweya yomweyo decomposing mu mpweya woipa komanso madzi. Koma carbonic mitundu asidi salt kuti amadziwika kuti munthu kuchokera kalelo. Iwo ali otchuka kwambiri m'madera ambiri a ulimi ndi ntchito. Ndipo amawaona.

Salt asidi carbonic: Gawo

Choyamba, m'pofunika mwachindunji mwamsanga kuti mankhwala angatchedwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ndi momwemo zinachitika kuti dzina onse munakhala ndi ntchito lero monga mbiri yakale kapena zazing'ono, ndi deta pa nomenclature zomveka. Choncho, mchere asidi carbonic, iwo amatchedwa monga izi:

• carbonates;
• bicarbonates;
• mpweya woipa;
• hydrogencarbonates;
• bicarbonates.

Ndipo ndithudi, aliyense ali ndi dzina lake zambiri zotukwana, zomwe ndi munthu.

Mu maina pamwamba yomweyo zimaonekera ndi gulu la mankhwala mutu. Monga chidulo dibasic, ndi mchere ndipamene mitundu iwiri:

• sing'anga;
• wowawasa.

Dzina lomaliza prefixed hydro kapena bisexual. Pafupifupi mchere wa soda kapena zamchere lapansi zitsulo - ndi pafupifupi zofunika pawiri zomwe anthu ayenera malonda.

Mbiri ya anapeza ndi ntchito

Kuyambira kalekale anthu odziwika mchere asidi carbonic. Ndipotu Egypt, pomanga zinachitikadi mothandizidwa ndi gypsum, alabasitala, miyala ndi za nsangalabwi ankagwiritsa ntchito.

Mu zolemba Pliny Wamkulu, ananena ndondomeko yopangira laimu anajambulapo calcination. Wotchuka Ndikudabwa - piramidi - anamangidwira ntchito gypsum ndi zipangizo analandira therefrom. Kuyambira phulusa la zomera analandira potashi ndi ntchito zovala zochapa, ndiyeno kupanga sopo.

Kuti ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala chikhalidwe amapereka, anthu anatha pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Komabe, kodi mchere asidi carbonic, amene ali eg monga akhoza apanga chongopeka, ndipo kodi makhalidwe awo ena, anadziwika patapita nthawi yaitali, mu zaka XVII-XVIII.

Lero, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri carbonates ambiri soda ndi zamchere zitsulo lapansi, ena a iwo atenga mbali yofunika kwambiri mu njira makope pansi.

Madipoziti m'chilengedwe

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere wa nkhani yakhe pafupifupi 5% ya unyinji wonse wa matanthwe a pansi padziko. Iwo anapanga makamaka ochokera kunja, n'kupanga miyala. Komanso kwambiri salt popangidwa ndi Madziwo.

Tizilombo, molluscs ndi nyama zina ndi zomera zimathandiza kuti mapangidwe carbonates biochemically. Nthawi zambiri, carbonic asidi salt zimapezeka zikuchokera ores, nawo limodzi mwa mapangidwe nawo.

Mchere odziwika miyala ya mankhwala awa:

• calcite;
• dolomite;
• choko;
• nsangalabwi;
• anajambulapo;
• gypsum;
• magnesite;
• siderite;
• Malachite.

Njira ntchito yokonza ndi kugwiritsa

Salt asidi carbonic amatchedwa carbonates (mu nkhani ya yofanana sing'anga). Izi zikutanthauza kuti ion carbonate ndi kwenikweni m'gulu kapangidwe awo amene ndiyo njira NKHA ₃ ^2-. Amalize zonse mchere mawonekedwe si wokwanira zitsulo cation ndi zolozera kunyezimiritsa zikuchokera kachulukidwe pawiri a. Izi ntchito njira zasayansi yopangira zinthu zimenezi.

Ndipotu, kuwonjezera m'zigawo ku zinthu zachilengedwe, akhoza apanga carbonates ndi kugawana zochita ndi M'MALO pawiri. Komabe, tanthauzo ntchito njira zimenezi mulibe, popeza zokolola ndi otsika kwambiri ndi ndalama mphamvu.

Kumene ntchito salt asidi carbonic, ziti zimene? Pakuti aliyense wa iwo payekha, koma ambiri n'zotheka kudziwa mafakitale zikuluzikulu.

1. Zomangamanga.
2. Mankhwala makampani.
3. Galasi.
4. Sopo.
5. Kaphatikizidwe wa pepala.
6. Chakudya makampani.
7. Kupanga detergents.
8. Kashiamu carbonate - gwero la ayoni zitsulo mu thupi la zamoyo.

Taonani zitsanzo zingapo makamaka carbonates, zikuchokera awo ndi phindu.

kashiamu carbonate

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, ceni - gwero la kashiamu ayoni Ca ²⁺ mu thupi la munthu. Ndipo izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Ndipotu, iwo zimafunika pa mosalekeza kwa dongosolo magazi gawo lotetezedwa, ndi gawo la mafupa, misomaliyo, tsitsi, kumalimbitsa dzino enamel.

Pamene akusowa kashiamu kukhala matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo loipalo monga matenda a mtima, kufooka kwa mafupa, kusintha pathological mu mandala wa mwana wa diso, ndi anthu ena.

Komanso, kashiamu carbonate amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu ntchito yomanga. Pambuyo mitundu yake yonse - ndi:

• choko;
• nsangalabwi;
• laimu.

The madipoziti mchere wolemera mokwanira kuti munthu alibe kusowa kwa izo. Nthawi chogulitsidwa mawonekedwe woyeretsedwa mawonekedwe piritsi, monga chithunzi pansipa. Nzowona kuti kashiamu imatsala bwino, pamafunika pamaso pa vitamini D.

koloko

Salt asidi carbonic - carbonates - ndi zofunika anthu ndi munda zoweta. Mwachitsanzo, carbonate sodium, kapena carbonate sodium, ofanana amatchedwa koloko. Komabe, si chinthu, chomwe ndi mbali yofunika mu yokonza zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Ayi, mchere ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito pa malonda kukonza pamalo banja la mankhwala: bathtubs, limalephera, ziwiya, ndi zina. Iwo kwambiri imadziwika monga koloko phulusa kapena zovala, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa ulimi galasi, sopo kupanga.

Chilinganizo cha mankhwala Na ₂ NKHA ₃ * 10H ₂ O. Izi amadzimadzi mchere sing'anga choikidwa hydrate crystalline. Mu chikhalidwe, zopezeka mu mawonekedwe a mchere mu zikuchokera miyala. zitsanzo:

• mpando wachifumu;
• nakholit;
• thermonatrite.

Nthawi zambiri yaima kuchokera algae, ndi mapulusa awo. Ndi njira imeneyi anali m'masiku akale kuti tipeze zopangira kwa kupanga sopo kapena kungoti kusamba zovala. Ambiri wolemera mbewu munali mchere izi solyanka sodonosnaya. Ake pazipita chovomerezeka phulusa kubala ndi sodium carbonate.

potashi

Chilinganizo mchere asidi carbonic, wokhala ndi dzina, - K ₂ NKHA _3. Ndi zoyera bwino crystalline hygroscopic ufa. Avereji anhydrous mchere, amene ali solubility wabwino kwambiri. pawiri iyi imatchedwanso kuti anthu kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito lero. dzina ofanana:

• carbonate potaziyamu;
• potashi;
• potashi.

M'madera chachikulu cha ntchito ali motere.

1. Monga reagent mu njira ya sopo kupanga madzi.
2. Pakuti kaphatikizidwe wa galasi ndi galasi kuwala, refractory galasi.
3. Pakuti ankaudaya nsalu.
4. Monga feteleza mbewu.
5. Pomanga malonda - kuti kuchepetsa yozizira koopsa kufika mortars.
6. The Photo Art.

Waukulu njira mafakitale kupeza mchere ichi - electrolysis wa mankhwala enaake calcium. Pamene hydroxide izi aumbike, amene amachitira ndi mpweya woipa ndi ndipamene potashi. yaiwisi zipangizo Natural - ndi udzu phulusa ndi algae, umene uli kwambiri.

bicarb

Acid Kuwonjezera salt asidi carbonic sali kwenikweni kusiyana pafupifupi. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, sodium bicarbonate, amene chilinganizo NaHCO _3. Wina dzina lake amadziwika onse - soda. Kunja, ndi woyera chabwino ufa umene uli sungunuka kwambiri madzi. Pawiri wosakhazikika pamene mkangano, pomwepo amaola mu carbon dioxide, madzi ndi mkulu mchere. Ichi chizathandiza ntchito ya soda monga gawo lotetezedwa mu chilengedwe mkati mwa zamoyo.

Komanso, pali minda angapo ntchito pawiri kuti:

• chakudya (makamaka Confectionery) makampani;
• mankhwala (mankhwala amayaka zidulo);
• mankhwala kaphatikizidwe kupanga mapulasitiki, utoto, thovu mapulasitiki, mankhwala banja;
• m'kuunika ndi makampani nsalu (pofufuta zikopa ndi kumalizitsa nsalu Zaveleveti, etc.);
• Izo ntchito mu kupanga zakumwa enaake ndi mbale zosiyanasiyana zophikira;
• Sodium bicarbonate wapatsidwa kutsitsi.

kashiamu carbonate

Izi mchere acidic asidi carbonic, - kwambiri kufalitsa pansi. pawiri limapereka mapangidwe kanthawi madzi kuuma kulankhula otentha. Mu ichi bicarbonate mlandu ndi kashiamu carbonate kumalimbikitsa kusamutsidwa misa mu chikhalidwe, i.e. mkombero lotsatira. Chilinganizo pawiri ichi - Ca (HCO _{3) 2.}