Satires - ndi chiyani ichi? Mwachidule mbiri ndi mbali polemba chinenero chimenechi

Satires - mankhwala kuti Chili zopeka, utolankhani ndi Zotengera. Kuyambira wamng'ono notsi manyuzipepala , iwo mwakula mu mtundu wanyimbo osiyana. Kodi izi zinachitika bwanji? Tchulani zimaonetsa satires? Izi ndi zimene tidzayankhulana.

Zikamera ndi maganizo

Lingaliro la "lampoon" unachokera mu France m'zaka za m'ma XIX ndi a utolankhani. Ndi kuti French likumasuliridwa kuti "mndandanda wa", ndi nsalu ndipo anayamba mbiri ya mawu. Mu 1800 nyuzipepala pansi udindo "Journal de A Deba» (Journal des débats) anayamba yothandizana Mabaibulo muyezo wa oyika laling'ono, limene anadzatchedwa Zotengera.

Nkhani yaikulu inali malamulo a nyuzipepala. Iwo anatsegula pa chiyambi cha French kuukira boma ndi lofalitsidwa malipoti boma, zochita, madongosolo, zachitikadi cha akuluakulu ndi uthenga zina mwa njira imeneyi. oyika zina M'malo mwake, anali ndale mwangwiro. Iwo utoto amoyo kalembedwe ndipo inavala mwamwayi kamvekedwe.

Nyuzipepala satires - icho chinali njira kuchereza omvetsera, ndipo nthawi yomweyo Atchule kulifalitsa. Pa oyika ku malo malonda, miyambi, ndakatulo, buku ndemanga, ndi zisudzo, charades, masamu ndi mikuluwiko.

chitukuko polemba chinenero chimenechi

Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti "lampoon" anatuluka pambuyo French kuukira boma, akukhulupirira kuti mtundu wanyimbo yokha anabadwa zaka kale. oyambitsa ake ali Deni Didro ndi Voltaire - olemba ntchito satirical yovuta chipembedzo ndi ndale.

Satires m'manyuzipepala French msanga anasamukira ku mawu ofanana. Akutulukira monga charades ndi ndemanga, iwo mwamsanga unasinthika kukhala osiyana zolembalemba ndi journalistic mtundu wanyimbo, congenial Voltaire ndi Diderot.

Choyamba, mu nyuzipepala oyika anayamba kuoneka mbali ya zolembalemba ntchito, monga "Atatu Musketeers" ndi Alexandre Dumas. Kuyambira umachokera latsopano mtundu wanyimbo - buku-feuilleton. Iye anali wa zopeka ndi ankatsogoleredwa ndi owerenga ambiri, popanda kukhala ndi aesthetics wapadera ndi luso.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, olemba ndakatulo European ndi olemba zimathandiza kuti mapangidwe lampoon ndale. Iwo amakhala ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa yowala ndipo ngakhale Zotengera pa ndale ndi zina. Polemba chinenero analimbitsa chifukwa Viktoru Roshforu-Lucey, Genrihu Geyne, Georg Weert, Ludwig Ofalitsidwa ndi T. D.

Skit - ndichiyani? Features polemba chinenero chimenechi

Tsopano limasimba ntchito zing'onozing'ono ndipo akhoza ankaimira buku, nkhani vesi kapena nkhani. Skit - ndi mtundu wanyimbo ili m'malire a mabuku ndi utolankhani. Ndi wake zojambulajambula Chili mawonekedwe ndi ulaliki njira, pamene sharpness wa okhutira amatanthauza utolankhani.

Ntchito imeneyo amakhala ndi mfundo mu zithunzi ndi mfundo, kudzudzula, Izitu n'zovutitsa. Monga nkhani yaikulu ndi nkhani woyaka moto wa anthu ndi ndale. Satires - zimachitikadi kuti amukane makhalidwe anthu monga kukwiya ndi zinthu zazing'ono, dyera kapena kupusa.

Lampoon nthawi zina ndi mtundu wanyimbo azithunzithunzi. Komabe, zilibe cholinga chifukwa kuseka. cholinga chake chachikulu kusonyeza chodabwitsa makamaka kudzera kunyozedwa, banter pa izo ndi, mwinamwake, kuti owerenga ndikuganiza.

Satires ku Russia

M'kupita kwa nthawi, ndi mu Russia panali satires - anali ntchito otsika mlingo. Pachiyambi, iwo anali atazindikira ndi zoipa, poyerekeza ndi tabloids ndi wotchipa osauka mabuku apamwamba. Pofika zaka 20 TH za m'ma XIX maganizo kwa iwo anayamba kusintha. Choncho, panali satires Baron Brambeus ndi mawu ovuta za mabuku mediocre ndi zolaula.

zolemba lakuthwa katswiri Alexander Pushkin, Dob, Bestuzhev, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Pan, Nekrasov. Polemba chinenero pang'onopang'ono zinatchuka. Satires anayikidwa mu "ng'ona" magazini "Kuthetheka", "Alamu". mfundo makamaka ndi sharpness apeza pa zisinthe.

Pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi ndi izi mtundu wanyimbo ntchito Doroshevich, Yablonovsky. Boris Yegorov ndi Simoni Narinyani ngakhale anamasulidwa osiyana buku osiyanasiyana. Mu "New Satyricon" Mayakovsky nkhani yake nyimbo ( "Anthem tsenga", "National Anthem wasayansi neri Al.).