Social Darwin. NKHANI chiphunzitso

Social Darwin, monga malangizo unakhazikitsidwa m'zaka 19. Kuthi anayambitsa chiphunzitso akhala akuthandiza kwambiri pa anthu a m'nthawi yake. Mwachibadwa, lamulo la Darwin, sunali zikuluzikulu sayansi, sanathe koma bwanji ulamuliro wa kudziwa chikhalidwe. Mu England, mwadongosolo kutsatira ziphunzitso moyo weniweni, ndi Spencer Bagehot. Last, monga mtolankhani, zachuma, ndinayesetsa mu kuphunzira njira zakale m'deralo kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo limene malangizo funso inamangidwa. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 malingaliro Spencer anali anaphatikizana ndi manambalawo kutsogolera Giddings ndi Ward.

Social Darwin. Zikhulupiriro Ofunika

Sayansi zonse zokhudza m'ma 19, makamaka theka lake chachiwiri, anali mmene chiwerengero cha mfundo yofunika. mfundo izi kiyi anatsindika ndi Darwin yekha. Chiphunzitso, zomwe anatsata asayansi pambuyo anakhala ngati mawonedwe, amene atagonjetsa madera osiyana a ganizo chikhalidwe. mfundo zazikulu akhala 'masoka kusankha "," kupulumuka kwa Zamphamvu "," yolimbirana analengedwa ". Pa nkhani imeneyi, chikhalidwe Darwin anachita osati monga malangizo omveka. Category chibadidwe chiphunzitso anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera a chidziwitso amene poyamba anali naye angapo ankhanza. Mwachitsanzo, Durkheim Anagwiritsa ntchito mfundo m'gulu Darwin chikhalidwe. Ngakhale antireductionism m'malo kwakukulu kuphunzira zochitika chikhalidwe, komanso kutsindika kufunika kwa umodzi, anaona kugawikana chikhalidwe ntchito mu mawonekedwe penapake Chinachepa wa kulimbana enieni kukhalapo.

Social Darwin cha m'ma 19 mochedwa

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi akuti "kusankha zamoyo" anapita kupitirira dera sayansi ndi zatchuka kwambiri malonda, za utolankhani, misa kutsitsimuka, zopeka. Oimira Mwachitsanzo, osankhika a zachuma, magnates ntchito, zochokera zasokoneza, anazindikira kuti sanali mwayi chabe ndi luso, komanso ankaona chooneka chimake cha chigonjetso pomenyera kuli m'munda wake makamaka. Mogwirizana ndi izi kulakwitsa, malinga ndi ofufuza, kuti tione chiphunzitso cha chikhalidwe Darwin, akutsatira zinthu zamoyo iwo ndi kupitiriza yosavuta. Iwo akhoza chimatanthauza kumene kumabweretsa malamulo a Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe ndi mfundo za zachilengedwe kusanduka. Social Darwin, makamaka za kulimbana kupulumuka monga mbali liwulo wa moyo. Pa nthawi yomweyo chiyambi cha asayansi sanali kwachilengedwenso amanena kuti tingati actualized ndi m'Malemba ganizo longstanding chikhalidwe. Zizindikiro zonse za malangizo pansi kulingalira ndi imodzi mwa kulingalira chachikulu cha moyo monga ngati m'bwalomo imene ambiri ndi mosalekeza kulimbana, mikangano, kusiyana pakati pa anthu, magulu, magulu, miyambo, mabungwe mitundu chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe.