Süleymaniye - mzikiti ku Istanbul: History, Photo

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, Turkey wakhala amodzi mwa malo ambiri alendo ku Russia. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa mu dziko lino mozizwitsa Chili zamakono ndi abwino ndiponso utumiki kwambiri ndi zomangamanga bwino anayamba. Komabe, mu dziko lino Muslim pali malo amene ponena payokha ofunika. Imodzi mwa mfundo zimenezi ndi ulendo Süleymaniye - mzikiti ku Istanbul. About ake ndi nkhani mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani.

Background

Suleymaniye Mosque ku Istanbul lomwe lili ndi mbiri zambiri kuposa zaka, inamangidwa nthawi kuchokera 1550 mpaka 1557 motsogozedwa ndi odziwika nthawi wamanga Sinan. mipukutu wakhala nthawi yaitali kutipatsa nkhani zimene nyumba achipembedzo anamanga antchito 3523, ambiri a iwo anali Asilamu wopembedza. Tikukonza izo anathera 96.360 ndalama za golidi ndi pafupifupi 83.000 siliva. miyala yonse ya mtengo wapatali ndi mizati kwa mzikiti anali naye ku zigawo zosiyana za chilengedwe Ottoman. Yomanga mzikiti wa Sultan Suleyman Zazikulu analamula kuyamba pa chaka 30 anakhala pa mpando wachifumu. Pankhaniyi, poyamba anakonza ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga, kachisi uyu Muslim anali kukhala ofanana ndi Hagia Sophia, koma kuposa mu kukula ndi ukulu wa ulemerero. Pa tsiku la ankakhazikitsa mzikiti pakutha pa pomanga wamanga anati mawu akuti mbiri: "mzikiti Izi udzakhalapo mpaka kalekale!"

kumuyalutsa

Chifukwa chakuti pomanga mzikiti chinatenga zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri yaitali, ndi Sultan sanakhutire kwambiri ndi aukali. Makamaka, iye adazhangalira pamene iye anatumiza monga mphatso bokosi lamaliro wodzazidwa ndi zodzikongoletsera. Mphatso, ndi njira, anali mdani wake koipa ku Perisiya Khan. M'chilankhulo cha mayiko, izo anali amanena wochenjera chakuti ndi Turkey wolamulira wosauka ndi ofooka kuti si amalize mzikiti. Kukhala aukali Sultan pa mboni zambiri chinapangitsa alendo msika emeralds ndi diamondi. Pambuyo pake, palibe amene amadzinenera mkwiyo wolamulira choncho.

kubwezeretsa

Mwatsoka, 1660, Suleymaniye (mzikiti ku Istanbul, amene chaka amalandira masauzande alendo padziko lonse) wakhala pafupifupi kuwonongedwa ndi moto zachiwawa. Koma Turkey wolamulira Mehmed IV analamula kubwezeretsa misewu mbiri ndi chipembedzo. The ndondomeko kubwezeretsa kutsogoleredwa ndi munthu wina dzina lake Fossati. Iye anapanga ena kusintha maonekedwe a nyumbayi, kuipereka zimaonetsa mmene European Baroque kalembedwe.

Mu XIX m'ma Suleymaniye Mosque ku Istanbul, chithunzi lopatsidwa pansipa, anapezanso maonekedwe ake apachiyambi. Mnthawi ya Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, bwalo la kachisi Muslim ntchito ngati yosungirako lalikulu kwa kusungiramo zida ndi zipolopolo. Panthawi ina, zonse chakumene, ndi moto wina zinachitika. Ntchito yobwezeretsa pambuyo imeneyi mwadzidzidzi anamalizidwa yekha mu 1956. Otsiriza mkazi wakeyo zinachitikadi mu 2010.

maonekedwe

Süleymaniye - mzikiti ku Istanbul, omwe akuyang'ana pa Golden Horn. Salakwa m'gulu la zowoneka chidwi kwambiri likulu la Turkey. kachisi Muslim ndi ofanana kwambiri Hagia Sophia. mzikiti ili pa mmodzi wa anthu otchuka mapiri asanu ndi awiri a Istanbul. Miyeso ya nyumbayi ndi chidwi:

• Utali - 59 mamita.
• M'lifupi - 58 mamita.
• Kutalika kwa mzikiti waukulu - mamita 53.
• The awiri a m'tchalitchi chachikulu - mamita 27.

Lowani Suleymaniye Mosque (Manda a Roksolana amadziwikanso ili pano, pafupi ndi manda a Sultan ndi mwana wake Mihrimah) kupyolera makomo atatu. Mmodzi wa iwo lili pa mbali ya khonde, ndi otsala awiri - ndi bwalo panja.

Near khoma kumpoto kwa mzikiti angapezeke manda a Sinan, yokonzedwa ndi kumangidwa ndi iyeyo. Palinso tsopano odyera otchuka mu bwalo la kachisi. Dzinali - Daruzziyafe. Mitengo palidi sitinganene kuti wotsika mtengo koma ndi khalidwe la chakudya ndi kusankha lonse la mbale angathe kukwaniritsa zokhumba gourmets ambiri.

Kukafika kutsogolo lonse la nyumba Muslim achipembedzo atazungulira masitolo malonda, omwe anamenya anamanga nthawi yomweyo ndi nyumba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pa nthawi ya Suleiman mu malo ogulitsira izi poyera anagulitsa bongo. masiku awa mugule zosiyanasiyana maswiti ndi alendo, koma amakonda ayisikilimu, baklava ndi chestnuts wokazinga.

mkati

Ngakhale kukula kwake chidwi mzikiti ali ndi minimalist mkati. The zokongoletsa mkati ndi zolemba alidi zokongoletsa kwambiri.

Pansi ndi makalapeti la kachisi Muslim, osati lalikulu kwambiri mu nyali kukula chandelier mdima ndi kupereka alendo bwino za nyengo imene zonse chidafundidwa mu makandulo, kuchuluka okwana amene akafuna 4000. The holo ya nyumbayi ali zowulutsira kwambiri ndipo chokongoletsedwa ndi dongosolo zosiyanasiyana zamaluwa, Pantchito zojambula, zolemba ku Koran.

Komanso mkati zili zikuluzikulu zinayi yaikulu mizati. Mmodzi wa iwo anabweretsa mwini Baalbek, wachiwiri - kuchokera Alexandria, ndi otsala awiri anali mu mzikiti wa zachifumu likulu la nyengo Byzantine. Mu chipinda pali 138 zenera mipata, imene dzuwa likulowerera. Ngati ndi kotheka, nyale azinyadira, ndondomeko kuyaka imene mwaye n'kopanda, kenako ntchito yokonza inki.

Pamwamba holo yaikulu ya nyumbayi anamanga mzikiti, zokuzira pa minarets anayi. njerwa makamaka kuwala akhala ntchito ndondomeko imeneyi.

mfundo zosangalatsa

minarets anayi ndi chizindikiro cha zimene Suleiman anali wolamulira chachinayi cha Istanbul ndi makonde khumi zinaimira malo ake mafumu a.

Tiyeneranso kumvetsa ndi kuti mayiko achisilamu ndi makhalidwe awo, ndi Turkey si zosiyana. Dome Süleymaniye chimenechi chikutanthauza anapereka chitsanzo chabwino. Mkati pali zipinda mwapadera anakonzedwera akazi, anamanga monga zomera ndi.

Ili ku mzikiti kusamba umagwira ndipo m'masiku athu. Masulani ndipo sangalalani pamene mungathe kwa mayuro 35. Nthunzi uli wosakanizika ndi analola m'menemo okha mabanja athandizira limodzi kutsekedwa.

Mu 1985, mzikiti akhala m'gulu mndandanda wa UNESCO chikhalidwe cholowa, ndi chifukwa kutetezedwa ndi malamulo adziko lonse lapansi.

Mphamvu

Süleymaniye - mzikiti Istanbul - anamanga ntchito njerwa zomwe olumikiza mzake kudzera m'mabokosi njanji. Komanso, zonse anatsanulira osungunula patsogolo. Chifukwa, kumanga kachisi Muslim ndi wamphamvu kwambiri ndi cholimba. Ndipo si mawu chabe, chifukwa mzikiti anatha popanda kuwononga lokha kudutsa ena zivomezi amphamvu kwambiri. Ambiri, chifukwa mbiri yonse ya mpingo izo zinachitika 89 zofanana masoka achilengedwe.

Features

The chachiwiri ambiri anafika mu Istanbul masiku ano zimatengera Süleymaniye Mosque. Manda a Roxelana ndi Suleiman anachita udindo wofunika kwambiri kwambiri. Chinthu ndi m'gawo la kachisi amuna kwambiri anakwiriridwa. Komanso, manda awo ndi ntchito zenizeni za luso kuyang'ana amene amakopa alendo ochokera konsekonse mdziko. Sitiyenera kunyalanyaza makhalidwe a mzikiti ndi:

• Kachisi zovuta za kukula kwake angafanane ndi kotala zogona mumzindawo. Mkati nyumba zikuluzikulu pa nthawi yomweyo pali 10 000 anthu.
• Mkati mzikiti pali cholinga anamanga hema imene Sultan Suleyman adzipereka pemphero, osati kubisalira pamene nzika zawo.
• zowulutsira zazikulu za nyumba 256 chifukwa kukhalapo njerwa dzenje, kukula kwa amene ali 45 × 16 masentimita. Kuti iwo ndi mbali ya resonators chifukwa cha zomwe mawu Imam wa mwangwiro lomveka mbali zonse.
• Kutentha makandulo mzikiti alibe kulenga mwaye.

FYI

Munthu amene akufuna kulowa nyumba mbiri ndi chipembedzo, m'pofunika kutsatira zina zofunika, akuti:

• Izo kutiletsa kulowa mumzikiti mu T-malaya ndi kabudula.
• Iwo saloledwa kulowa ku kachisi mu nsapato, m'pofunika kuchotsa ndi kusiya pafupi pakhomo kapena kunyamula zida phukusi.
• Mkazi ayenera kuphimba mutu ndi manja.
• mafoni ayenera wazimitsa.
• Inu simungakhoze kupanga phokoso, kuchita zinthu popanda choletsa m'kachisi.
• Choletsedwa munthu pochitika kwa theka wamkazi amene kawirikawiri lotetezeka ndi kusema mipiringidzo wapadera.
• Video kujambula ndi zithunzi mu mzikiti amaloledwa, koma musati kuchotsa anthu kupemphera, komanso anthu amene ali mu ndondomeko ya kusamba asanalowe m'kachisi.
• Khomo la Muslim Cathedral ndi yaulere, koma ndalama iliyonse adzayamikiridwa.
• Mwachindunji pa nthawi ya mapemphero - Muslim kulambira - pakhomo alendo mu mzikiti chatsekedwa.

mode

mafani zambiri za mutu wakuti "Zazikulu Century" mukufuna kuona ndi maso anga wotchuka Topkapi Palace, Suleymaniye Mosque ndi manda a Roxelana ndi Suleiman. Photos wa zinthu izi, ndithudi, okongola, koma salola inu kuti athe kumva zinkakhalira m'nthawi imeneyo. Ngati mpata ukapezeka, onetsetsani kukaona zokopa izi. Dome ukugwira ntchito motsatira ndandanda zotsatirazi:

• Kuyambira Lachiwiri kuti Loweruka - kuchokera 9:00 kuti 17:30.
• Lolemba ndi Lachisanu - kachisi chatsekedwa.

Nthawi yabwino maulendo alendo kwa kachisi wa - kuchokera 9:00 kuti 12:30 ndi ku 13:45 kuti 15:45.

malo

Suleymaniye Mosque, amene adiresi wapatsidwa m'nkhani ino, ndi yaikulu, kuphatikizapo khitchini osauka, kuchipatala, kunoko, masukulu 6, kunyumba kwa wadwala matenda okhudza ubongo, ndi madrasah.

kachisi Muslim lili m'dera la Istanbul otchedwa Eminonu, amene nawonso, ndi makilomita 20 kuchokera ndege Ataturk.

Pofuna kuona mzikiti choyamba kofunika kuti m'derali, ndipo ndiye kukwera phiri kufanana kuona msika wa Aigupto ndi Rustem Pasha Mosque. Mukhozanso kuyenda sitima pakhomo yaikulu ya University Istanbul Üniversitesi, kenako kuyenda pafupifupi 500 meters, kumenya nyumbayi kumanja.

Nkofunika kudziwa zimene mwachindunji mzikiti si chimakakamiza palibe mtundu wa mabasi ndi magalimoto, choncho mbali zina za njira adzayenera nkuyendabe (za 5-10 Mphindi).

Adiresi lenileni la mzikiti zotsatirazi: Süleymaniye mah, Prof .. Sıddık Sami Onar CAD. . No: 1, 34116 Fatih / Istanbul.

azimuthandiza

Mu Turkey, pali wina Suleymaniye Mosque. Alanya - mzinda umene ali lakale Muslim dongosolo achipembedzo. mzikiti inamangidwa mu 1231 mkulu wa kulamulira panthawiyo Aladdin Keykubat. Koma patapita kanthawi yomanga chinali bwino ndipo pamapeto pake chinatha. Koma m'zaka za m'ma 16 Sultan Mosque wopanga malamulo adauzira moyo wachiwiri. Kachisi ali minaret wina. The nyumba womwewo ali ndi mawonekedwe lalikulu, ndipo ziwalo zonse matabwa ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli tsaya. M'tchalitchi chachikulu cha mzikiti ndi chokongoletsedwa mu mawonekedwe a Chigawo ndipo ndi utoto wakuda mtundu wobiriwira.

Izi kachisi Muslim ndi chidwi kwambiri chifukwa wapatsidwa amadziwika ndi. The mapulani a nthawi imeneyo ankafuna nyumbayi ali zowulutsira kwambiri, motero kuti kuzindikira mfundo moyo apita pa njomba pang'ono, imene inali kunena kuti mu mzikiti wa mzikiti anali anapachika 15 yaing'ono mipira.

Kuwonjezera pa kachisi, nyumba yachifumu, maofesi sukulu ndi nyumba asilikali m'bwalo la mzikiti lapansi. Komanso pafupi, pa phiri, ndi linga Byzantine, amenenso ndi chikhomo chogunda, osati ambiri Alanya, koma m'dziko lonse la Turkey ambiri.