Sukulu ya kasamalidwe sayansi kuwala kwa kusanthula m'madera zikuluzikulu za chitukuko kasamalidwe

Mawu akuti "kasamalidwe" mu zaka makumi awiri zapitazi khazikika mu moyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma Russia ochepa mukudziwa kuti ali yaitali ndi chidwi mbiriyakale, limene linakhazikitsidwa ndi masukulu angapo chachikulu, ambiri a zimene zikugwirizana panopa. Mbali zimenezi zikuimira osiyana njira kwa kasamalidwe ndi ogwira ntchito amene pali kusiyana kumvetsetsa malo munthu anira.

Munthu woyamba anaonekera sayansi kasamalidwe sukulu. zikamera ake ndi chitukuko zina ndi chifukwa cha mlili wa mayina a umunthu ngati wotchuka ngati F. Taylor, G. Gantt, mkazi wa Gilbert. Iwo ali onse ntchito zochokera chakuti njira sayansi kupanga ntchito njira monga kusanthula ndi kaphatikizidwe, kupatsidwa ulemu ndi deduction, mungathe kukwaniritsa mkulu mlingo wa ungwiro. Ndi kugawira njira zonse kupanga mu ntchito losavuta ndi wotsatira lamulo mokwanira ndi maziko a zimene ife masiku ano amatchedwa "sayansi kasamalidwe sukulu."

F. Taylor ndi otsatira ake kuzindikiridwa mfundo zazikulu zitatu, amene, mu maganizo awo, ankayenera kwambiri kuonjezera zokolola ndi dzuwa. The chigawo choyamba anali kusalumikizana, zomwe, mwa zinthu zina, anasonyeza mndandanda aliyense ndondomeko wosuta, mulingo woyenera kuphunzira ntchito malo momwe yatsopano ndi zambiri zomveka njira ntchito.

Ulalo chachiwiri wakhala mwasayansi m'Malemba dongosolo mwamwambo chabe kumalo a ntchito. sayansi kasamalidwe sukulu maziko masiku ano amatchedwa "yosamalira anthu". Ntchito iyi, womwenso uli yanzeru kusankha ogwira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso makhalidwe abwino ndi luso la ogwira ntchito kukwaniritsa cholinga.

Pomaliza, mwala wapangodya lachitatu, ndilo maziko a kasamalidwe sukulu sayansi, ndi kukana kwathunthu kwa kuphatikiza ntchito bwana ndipo wamkulu. Malinga Taylor, mu ogwira ntchito iliyonse ayenera kuonedwa dongosolo bwino, amene zimaonekeratu zimene woyang'anira makamaka kapena wantchito wamba udindo. Pankhaniyi, ngati pali kuphatikiza ntchito mu manja yomweyo, iwo pafupifupi nthawi ikutha ndi kuchepa mu zizindikiro zoyamba za ntchito kumalo a ntchito.

Pamodzi ndi sukulu amaonekera Taylor pa mbiri kasamalidwe wasiya kasamalidwe utsogoleri wa sukulu imene kuona ntchito zounikira monga G. EMERSON, L. Urwick, A. Fayolle, Weber. asayansi awa asankha kuonetsetsa, kukhala mfundo zoti kuti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu bungwe lirilonse, kaya lonse ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Mwa njira zoyambirira choncho otchulidwa chofunika kuti athandize ndi cholinga pamoyo, njira popanga, poyamba pa zonse, pamaso pa kulingalira kuti kudziwa apadera ndi mosamalitsa ndondomeko zonse malamulo a malamulo mkati ntchito.

Pakati pa zimene zikuchitika masiku ano zambiri tingaone motsogozedwa kasamalidwe, imene inkatchedwa "The School of Management Science". theorists Aika ndi Akoff R., S. chithatha, L. Klein. asayansi awa akhala wotchuka mu loyamba anayamba kuthera pa kayendetsedwe ka otchedwa "Mbali chikhalidwe", komanso ntchito kwambiri luso nkhani.