Svinuha bowa - edible kapena chakupha?

pickers mwaphamphu bowa nawo mu midsummer inconspicuous bowa pansi dzina svinushki. Bowa svinuha woonda (kapena Paxillus involutus) limakula m'nkhalango coniferous ndi mitundu komanso m'mapaki, m'misewu, ku landfills, pa nthaka umboni, ndi ngakhale pakati pa anthill ndi. Ikufotokoza dzina watenga mizu mwa anthu. Svinuhi - bowa wodzichepetsa ndi oipa kusankha malo kukula.

Zipatso kwa nthawi yaitali - kuyambira m'ma June mpaka October. Chimakula gulu lalikulu, nthawi zina amaika mumsewu njira pachiyambi ndi kulenga unyolo ndi mphete. Kunja bowa svinuha ndi wandiweyani mafupa okhaokhayo mwaikamo mnofu bonnet aafupi mwendo. Chipewa akufanana ndi nyuzi ndi m'mbali yokhota kumapeto pansi. Chimakhudza awiri ndi kwa masentimita 20, koma pafupifupi 10-12 cm. Poyamba ndi mosabisa, koma kukula amakhala nyuzi woboola pakati ndi recess pakati. chipewa A si nthawi zonse zolondola ozungulira mawonekedwe, nthawi zambiri ovutika kapena osasamba. Mtundu - kuchokera kuwala bulauni kuti woderapo. Pamwamba roughened bowa onse, anamva, veleveti. Padziko zikuwoneka zolimba kwambiri, koma mwamsanga inasanduka fumbi, makamaka pansi pa dengu la.

Bowa svinuhi (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) anafotokoza kuti mbale. Mtundu mbale - zauve-chikasu, pamene kukanikiza kumanzere zizindikiro mdima, Chimaona partitions youma mwamsanga kutha. Mwendo kawirikawiri limakula masentimita oposa 9, awiri - 1.5 mpaka 2 cm, lili pakati, nthawi pang'ono ankatembenukira kumalire a kapu ya. thupi ndi wandiweyani, pa gawo la chikasu, ndiye bulauni, nthawi zambiri anakhudzidwa ndi mphutsi.

Kwambiri sangakhale anapeza mtundu wina - Paxillus atromentosus, kapena bowa svinuha wandiweyani, ndipo okha nkhalango coniferous pa stumps mitengo. edibility ake ndi zokayikitsa chifukwa cha zoipa kulawa zowawa. Ndipo izo zimawoneka zachilendo - nthawizonse mbali mwendo chipewa m'mbali losongoka, asymmetrical, odorless ndi amphamvu kwambiri m'thupi. Mosakayikira, bowa ili kumapeto kwa mndandanda wa zokonda zophikira.

Ngakhale zili chomwechi, kukoma bowa svinuha woonda kwambiri ngati (zotsutsana ndi wakuda). Kuyambira kale mu Russia mtundu uwu ntchito mu chakudya - yophika, mchere, wokazinga. Mpaka lero, pali mikangano za edibility, monga bowa ali kukoma zabwino, makamaka achinyamata svinushki. Komabe, asayansi apeza mu kukhalapo kwa poizoni ndi ziphe. Bungwe munthu amachitira kuti ziphe awa, wina ndi poyizoni pachimake kamodzi, ndipo munthu sizimawoneka kukhala zovuta zilizonse kudwala. Muscarine - ululu ali A. muscaria, ndipo kumeneko svinushek. Komanso pansi zones ndi mobwerezabwereza za kuwonongedwa kwa maselo ofiira anati.

Akatswiri amanena kuti svinushki - mtundu wa nthawi bomba. Ngati poyizoni wa sizinachitike pa tiyese choyamba, zotsatira zina zosiyana kwambiri - ngakhale kuti kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo ndi imfa. M'pofunika kuthetsa kwathunthu bowa ku chakudya cha ana. Amadziwika kuti ngati ena ziphe ndi poizoni kutha ndi kutentha mankhwala, kudzikundikira isotopes nyukiliya wa cesium ndi mkuwa kukhala zamkati wa bowa ndi. Zizindikiro zazikulu za poyizoni - kufooka, nseru, chizungulire, kupweteka chiwindi. Komanso, ena poyizoni pachimake analembedwa ndi zotsatirapo zomvetsa chisoni.