Testament - kumatanthauzanji? History of the Old Testament

Aliyense amene wadzikwaniritsa Mkhristu mosalekeza kudziŵa mawu achipembedzo, kupanga maulendo, kuwerenga mabuku wauzimu ndi kuphunzira Baibulo. Bukuli idzafotokoza 2 - ndi Old ndi New Testament (Uthenga). Iwo ophatikizana mbiri yonse ya zochitika, kuyambira kulengedwa kwa Mulungu dziko ndi kuthetsa kufala kwa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu padziko lonse lapansi Mwana wa Mulungu ndi atumwi zitadutsa atakwera kumwamba.

Mfundo ziwiri za Chipangano Chakale

Old Testament - ndi mbali ya Baibulo, limene limafotokoza moyo wa Ayuda. N'chifukwa chake buku ili imatengedwa kuti ndi ofala kwa anthu a Chikhristu ndi Chiyuda. Anasonkhana kwenikweni pa particles ndi ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana, Chipangano Chakale ndi mankhwala apadera a mtundu wake, olengedwa mwa nthawi kuchokera XIII kuti Ine m'ma BC

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti "chipangano" adawomba pa milomo ya Mneneri Mose, amene Yehova anapatsa anthu 10 zomwe zili m'malamulo alembedwa pa miyala. Choncho, Mulungu anapanga pangano ndi anthu ake (mgwirizano), imene akuonetsa zakezo, kulandira kwa iye chisomo ndi chikondi.

Mwachidule, tiona kuti mawu akuti "Old Testament" - mawu amene angathe kutanthauziridwa monga mbali ya Baibulo, ndi pangano la Ambuye ndi anthu ake.

ndi kusiyana Chatsopano ndi Chakale Kodi

Amene akungoyamba kukhala ndi chidwi Chikhristu ndi kuyamba kuphunzira Baibulo, nthawi zambiri funso n'lakuti, pa maziko zimene iwo unagawidwa pawiri. Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti Old Testament - yonena za anthu a Ayuda ndiponso njira ya chipulumutso ake kudzera mwa aneneri ambiri asanabwere padziko lapansi Mwana wa Mulungu.

Zochitika za gawo loyamba la Baibulo amaoneka ngati aakulu kwambiri, ndi zochita za ena otchulidwa ake - osayenera, mosiyana ndi maziko a Chikhristu masiku ano. nsembe zambiri, fratricide, choopsa kugwa kwa Sodomu ndi Gomora - ili ndi mndandanda chosakwanira zimene tingapeze pa masamba a Chipangano Chakale.

Anthu yomweyo anasiya kusamvera kwa moyo wakumwamba, achita iye chiweruzo cha imfa, matenda ndi nkhanza. Koma, ngakhale machimo a anthu, Mulungu Atate ndi wachisomo kwambiri ndipo amakonda ana awo. Ndicho chifukwa chake Iye anatumiza Mwana wake padziko lapansi - Yesu Khristu, amene anadzakhala aphimbe machimo a anthu ndi kutsegula makomo wa Edeni.

Ambuye akubwera ku Earth ndi pangano latsopano pakati pa Iye ndi anthu, ndi zimene anthu oweta moyo achipembedzo malinga ndi makhalidwe abwino achikristu kupita kumwamba pambuyo pa imfa yake. N'zochititsa chidwi pansi malamulo a moyo wa Chikhristu, kumakhaladi mfundo yaikulu ya kukonda anthu.

Monga Baibulo linena, Iisus Hristos makomo kumwamba kwa anthu. Mu nthawi ya Chipangano Chakale, ngakhale anthu olungama ndi achipembedzo atamwalira, anapezeka mu gehena chifukwa cha tchimo la kholo - Adamu ndi Hava. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti New Testament - ndicho chinsinsi cha chipulumutso chosatha.

Kapangidwe ka Old Testament

Mbali yoyamba ya mutu wakuti The Torah tichipeza mabuku angapo linalembedwa ndi mneneri Mose. Zikuphatikizapo Genesis, Eksodo, Levitiko, Numeri ndi Deuteronomo.

Kuwonjezera pa Torah m'buku la Chipangano Chakale mneneri akubwera, amene anamaliza nzika za khalidwe mbiri ndi ulosi.

Lemba pali 13 mabuku, Pakati pali nzeru zaumunthu mawunikidwe (mwachitsanzo, Buku la Yobu), ndi ndakatulo za chikondi ndi ena.

Onse zigawo zikuluzikulu pamwamba wa Old Testament otchedwa ovomerezeka. Otsala a mabuku a woyamba gawo la Orthodoxy Baibulo omwe amakhulupirira omangirira, koma sakudziwika ovomerezeka.

Thor. mtengo

Monga tanenera kale, Torah - ndi Old Testament, kapena kani, mabuku asanu Mose, mneneri, yemwe ndi mipukutu dzanja olembedwa. Komanso, Baibulo lotchedwa Torah kupatukana malamulo a Mulungu. Information loperekedwa ndi Ambuye kwa mneneri, okha olembedwa pa mipukutu, koma adutsa pansi pakamwa. Motero, sikuti lalembedwa komanso m'kamwa Torah, amene andithandiza pa maziko abwino a anthu.

The masamba woyamba wa Old Testament

"Pachiyambi panali Mawu, ndipo Mawu anali ndi Mulungu, ndipo Mawu anali Mulungu" ... Ndicho chimene chikuyamba nkhani ya Chipangano Chakale. Kuyambira tsamba loyamba tingaphunzire za chilengedwe cha Ambuye wa dziko otizungulira - kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi, mwezi, dzuwa ndi nyenyezi, nyanja ndi nyanja, nyama, mbalame ndi anthu m'masiku asanu.

Mulungu analenga Adamu m'chifanizo chake ndi chikhalidwe, Mulungu analenga mkazi ndi dzina loti Hava. "Mubalane muchuluke" - Yehova analamula ana ake. Kupereka anthu zonse zofunika chipulumutso chamuyaya, Mulungu amaletsa kuti zitero Mtengo wa Chidziwitso ndi kudya zipatso zake. Chinsiriro wa apulo choletsedwacho kwa Adamu ndi Hava anali ofunika paradaiso. Anthu oyamba zinali zoyenera kuti uchimo ndi imfa. Izi mkati mwa atatu oyamba mbuku la Genesis.

Moyo Padziko Lapansi: Kaini ndi Abele

Pamene Adamu ndi Hava anali padziko lapansi, iwo anayamba kukhala ndi ana, woyamba amene anali Kaini ndi Abele. M'bale woyamba ankachita nawo pansi, pamene chikudutsa lachiwiri la ng'ombe. Abele anali wokhulupirika komanso wodzichepetsa, nthawi zambiri mu pemphero ndi kudalira mwa chifundo cha Mulungu.

Kaini anali omangidwa ndi wankhanza mtima, opanda kuopa Mulungu. Perekani Ambuye analandira Abele ndi nkhosa m'bale Chachiwiri anakana. Kaini anali wokwiya, anasunga chakukhosi. Iye anawatcha Abele ku munda, namupha kumeneko. Ambuye, powona osati machitidwe, koma podziwa ndi maganizo a anthu Kaini anachenjeza za tsokali zotheka, atamukakamiza kuti tigonjetse zolinga zoyipa zomwe zinali Ndisanaumbidwe kukoma tchimo magazi. Koma m'bale mkulu, khungu ndi nsanje komanso chidani, tchimo la fratricide. Pakuti Ambuye anatemberera Kaini.

nthaka latsopano

Pambuyo pa kuphedwa kwa Abele ndi Kaini kuthamangitsidwa munkhaniyi Old Testament akupitiriza. Mulungu anapatsa Adamu ndi Hava mwana wina - Seti, kumene wabwino ndi achipembedzo mbewu. Dzina lake limatanthauza "m'munsi", sipangakhalenso kutanthauziridwa monga maziko a umunthu watsopano. Ndipotu, ndi kwa mtundu izi zinachitika ana a Mulungu, monga Lemba limati, ndi mtundu wa "wotembereredwa" - ana a anthu. Pamene Kaini ndi ana Abele anakhala kukwatira mzake, anthu pa dziko lapansi anakhala zambiri achinyengo. Izi chinakhalapo mpaka mpaka apo panali mmodzi yekha Nowa ndi banja lake. Ambuye, sangakhoze kulekerera machimo akuluakulu anthu, aganiza kuchotsa pansi ndipo akutumiza chigumula. Mulungu akhadabvundza Nowa kuti cholinga chake, ndi malamulo kuti amange chingalawa chimene olungama ndi kutenga awiri nyama kuti sangathe kulibe madzi.

Chigumula inatenga masiku zana ndi makumi asanu, kenako madzi pang'onopang'ono anayamba kubwera mu njira yake. Pa malo chatsopanochi Nowa akubweretsa nsembe kwa Mulungu chipulumutso chawo. Poyankha, Ambuye akumupatsa iye kulonjeza konse kukonza Chigumula ndi mfundo utawaleza, amene lero akuimirira anawinda ndi Mulungu Mwiniwake.

banja la Nowa. Babele

Nowa anali ndi ana atatu, amene chitatha chigumula, pamodzi ndi akazi awo anali kukhala naye. Pamodzi ndi atate wake, iwo anayamba kukhala ndi minda ndi zikugwira erection wa mpesa. Tsiku lina, Nowa anayesetsa vinyo ndi anagona wamaliseche, podziwa kuti nthawi yoyamba mphamvu zonse chaukali cha chakumwa choledzeretsa. Mwaichi, anakwatulidwa mwana wa Hamu, amene analankhula za zimene anaona abale ake, potero ulemu kwa atate wake. Semu ndi Yafeti, m'malo mwake, anathamangira kuphimba maliseche thupi la kholo. Nowa anadzuka ndi anamva zimene zinachitika, wotembereredwa Hamu ndi banja lake lonse, kuwaponya Kugonja ana lopitirira abale.

Choncho panali mafuko atatu - simit, iafity ndi Hamitic. Recent tinaganiza mu mtengo uliwonse Musalole ku goli kugonjera ndi pakati kumanga nsanja kuti nufikira kumwamba, kuti kudzikweza. Ambuye atamva ndondomeko imeneyi, anagawa Hamitic, kuwapatsa zinenero zosiyana. Choncho, anthu sangathe kugwirizana pakati pawo ndi kuzindikira chikonzero chake. Ikani nsanja yosatha BABILONI.

choimira cha Khristu

Mwa nkhani zambiri wapadera Chipangano Chakale anatsindika nkhani ya nsembe Abrahamu. Anali mbadwa Mulungu wa Semu, wokhulupirira mwa Mulungu. Pa nthawi imeneyo, dziko la mafano kufala onse, ndi anthu aiwala kuopa Mulungu. Moyo olungama a Abrahamu ndi mkazi wake Sarah kalekale ofunitsitsa ndi ana, Utatu Woyera anapita hema wawo. Pa nthawi imeneyo olungama mu ukalamba kwambiri. Koma kunamkomera Yehova onse kudzera chaka banja la Isaki anabadwa. Adakonda mwana wawo kwambiri. Ndipo Mulungu anaona maganizo a makolo mwana wake anaganiza onetsetsani chikhulupiriro ndi chikondi kwa olungama. Mulungu anauza Abrahamu kupereka Isake nsembe kwa Iye. The chabe ankadziwa kuti Mulungu amatifunira zabwino zokha, tenepo iye adenda kuphiri, kutenga mitengo kwa moto ndipo khanda mwana wake. Ambuye anaona kudzipereka Abrahamu, anamufunsa kuti aphe nkhosa anagwidwa tchire m'malo mwana wanga wokondedwa yekha. Choncho wolungama anasonyeza kuopa Ambuye, amene anali kupereka ana ambiri, amene anadzatchedwa Mpulumutsi yekha.

Msangani wenewu m'Baibulo patsogolo mbiri ya kubweretsa nsembe yaikulu kwa Mwana wa Mulungu chifukwa cha machimo a anthu. Monga Abrahamu, Mulungu sanalekerere mwana wake chiwombolo cha mtundu wa anthu. Msangani wenewu akufotokozera za m'Baibulo (New Testament). Kubwera kwa Khristu kwambiri kusintha miyoyo ndi malingaliro a anthu ndi ubale wawo kwa wina ndi mzake.

Mose. malamulo a Mulungu

The odziwika bwino m'Baibulo mneneri Mose, amene anapulumutsa anthu achiyuda Aiguputo, anakhala mkhalapakati anthu a dziko ndi Ambuye, amene anapereka malamulo 10. Alembedwa pa magome awiri, anasonyeza kuti ubale wa munthu kwa Mulungu ndi anansi. Malamulo amenewa ayenera kulemekeza anthu amene akufuna kukhala pafupi ndi Ambuye.

Tisanayambe mapiritsi opatulika amenewa, Mose atasala kudya masiku 40, usana ndi usiku pamene paphiri la Sinai. Atalandira malamulo, Aisiraeli pangano ndi Mulungu, imene anthu mogwirizana ndi lamulo la Mulungu.

likasa

Pakuti kusungiramo miyala, Mulungu analamula Mose kuti alenge likasa la cipangano. Kodi izo ndi zimene zikuwoneka ngati, ndi chidwi ambiri. Choyamba, ndi chizindikiro cha mgwirizano wa Ambuye ndi Ayuda. Bokosi lamaliro chopangidwa kuchokera mitengo ndi mtengo wa mthethe yokutidwa ndi golide. Mu nthawi ya Chipangano Chakale, iwo unakasungidwa mu hema (kachisi wonyamulikayu) omwe Mulungu analamula anthu ake kumanga. Panopa, malo okhala Likasa sakudziwika. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, bokosi lamaliro anali atapita mu ulamuliro wa osapembedza Manase. Ansembe, pofuna kupulumutsa malo opatulika kwambiri ku choipitsa mwayekha, ndipo anamutengera iye kunja kwa kachisi ndipo anatumizidwa kwa mmodzi wa makachisi Iguputo. Kuyambira pamenepa Likasa la Chipangano kangapo ulendo, ngakhale kukhala nkhani ya kulambira kwa Ayuda. Akukhulupirira kuti chitetezo lotsiriza la bokosi lamaliro anali wa Mipingo ya Ethiopia.

New Testament. kusintha

Ndi kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu atsegula tsamba Baibulo latsopano. Uthenga Wabwino - ndi New Testament wa Mulungu. Ambuye anabwera padziko lapansi munthu wamba osauka achita zozizwitsa sikunachitekepo - kuchiritsa akhate, ukitsani akufa. Pa zabwino zonse zimene Kristu amapatsa anthu, iwo mwankhanza anamupachika Iye pa mtanda, akuitana risible Mfumu ya Ayuda. Koma Mulungu anabwera padziko lapansi adzaukitsidwa ndi kufafaniza machimo a anthu, kuti anthu lamulo latsopano, mfundo yaikulu imene - chifundo.

Choncho, Chakale ndi Chatsopano amaphatikiza mfundo imodzi yaikulu: ngakhale zolakwa zawo zonse, Ambuye amatha kukhululukira munthu ngati akubweretsa kulapa kwenikweni, ngati mmene anachitira mbala atapachikidwa pa mtanda pafupi ndi Mwana wa Mulungu.