The makina a Venus. Kodi muli Venus makina? Kodi makina Venus ambiri? makina yokumba wa Venus

ndi anzawo a Venus chiyani? Ili ndi funso kuti ali maganizo a asayansi wakhala kwa zaka zingapo. Ichi lakumwamba thupi kunapezeka kuti dziko limodzi lokha, dzina lake polemekeza mulungu wamkazi wamkazi. Komabe, ndi wapadera Venus si ichi chokha. Kodi ntchito kwachinsinsi makina dziko, Lapansi ngati yokoka, kapangidwe ndi kukula? Pali Kodi munayamba?

The makina a Venus: kwachinsinsi Nate

Zonsezi zinayamba ndi chidwi anapeza kuti anapanga 1672, zakuthambo Giovanni Cassini. Mmodzi wa asayansi ambiri otchuka nthawi, mwangozi anapeza mfundo zazing'ono, kupirira pafupi Venus. Poopa kuti amalakwitsa kuti adzapanga iye chosekedwa za asayansi, mkasidi poyamba anapewa kupanga anthu anapeza wake. Komabe, chinthu kachiwiri sadaziwona mu zaka 14 zimene asayansi asakhale bwinobwino. Ngati timakhulupirira kuwerengetsera ya anachita Cassini chinthu awiri anali ang'onoang'ono kuposa awiri a dziko pafupifupi kanayi.

A zaka makumi angapo, ali asayansi ena otchuka apeza chachinsinsi Nate. Venus Kanema (dzina anayamba kenako) unadonthezedwa ndi zakuthambo yabwino kwambiri monga kuwombera, Meyer, LaGrange. Ndi 1761, nkhani chinthu ndi kale ntchito amasangalatsa asanu ufulu kuchuluka adawonekera nthawi 18. Chidwi kwambiri ofufuza chi ndi kujambula Schouten, amene 1761 anaona Venus anawoloka Dzuŵa litayamba ndi wophatikizidwa ndi yaing'ono mdima dontho yotsatira. Apanso mnzake chachinsinsi chinaoneka 1764 ndi akungokuonani awiri, kenako n'kuona Horrebau zakuthambo mu 1768.

Panali Kanema

Kodi muli Venus makina? Inayambira Cassini anapanga dziko zakuthambo lagawidwa m'magulu awiri aukali. Asayansi ena amanena kuti ndi maso anga ndaona kwachinsinsi mdima mfundo, zina zakuthambo kumuuza kuti sanakhaleko.

Chidwi lonena, wolembedwa mu 1766 mutu wa Vienna Observatory Helle, amene amanena kuti chinthu anawona - chabe kuphidikuka kwa diso ndi kanthu kwambiri. Helo akufotokoza chiphunzitso chake cha kuwala kwa Venus image, luso la dziko akubwera kuchokera kuwala potengera kwa maso amasangalatsa. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira iye, kukunyezimiritsidwa, kuwala kachiwiri mkati zakutali, potero kulenga chithunzi wina ndi kakang'ono.

Gululi chiphunzitso chimene Venus makina pali Inde, sanagwirizane ndi maganizo anyamata, anauyamba Sysytem Hella. Iwo anapatsidwa zosiyanasiyana mfundo kauntala, ambiri mwa sanapulumuke masiku ano, monga iwo sagwirizana ndi mfundo.

chiphunzitso Ozo

Pang'onopang'ono anapanga gulu lachitatu asayansi, amene anali bwana kumbuyo mkulu wa Brussels Royal Observatory Ozo. Ozo wasayansi adafotokoza mu 1884 kuti chinthu zatchulidwazi likuyandikira lonse lapansi pafupi kamodzi masiku 1080, akuimira dziko osiyana, osati kachipangizo. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira iye, Nate kwa masiku 283 chimazungulira Dzuwa, kotero okha kangapo pa nthawiyo. Mwa njira, dzina la mfundo mwachinsinsi kuti anali akatswiri ophunzira awa.

Mu 1887, pa njira imene Ozo zinachitikadi kuphunzira zikuluzikulu, imene ntchito za sayansi onse anaphunzira amene anaphwanyiridwa anawona Venus makina. Anapeza kuti nthaŵi zina asayansi analanda nyenyezi makina kuti Tingaone pafupi ndi dziko dzina la mulungu wamkazi wamkazi. Mwachitsanzo, ananena mnzake zakuthambo Horrebau anali chabe nyenyezi a kuwundana wa Libra.

chigamulochi asayansi

Kodi pali makina lachibadwa la Venus? Woyamba zoipa yankho la funso limeneli amadzinenera kupereka Dane Carl Jansen. Mu 1928 iye anakhala wotchuka mu zakuthambo m'zaka otsiriza wanena poyera kuti dziko dzina la mulungu wamkazi wa akazi, palibe makina. Jansen otchedwa olakwika ananena anzawo omwe tafotokozazi. Iye anali mwamphamvu amakhulupirira kuti makina a Venus palibe yekha, koma anali.

Pang'onopang'ono, asayansi adasakabve kupeza miyezi ya Venus, potsiriza kuvomereza ajombera. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti nkhani wakhala potsiriza anatseka ndipo anasiya ayambe kuchita chidwi mu dziko sayansi. Akutiakuti anayamba kutuluka mfundo zosiyanasiyana za mofulumira chinsisi cha miyezi m'dziko lathuli, analipo. The malingaliro chidwi kwambiri pa nkhani imeneyi, amapatsidwa m'munsimu.

chiphunzitso №1

Kodi makina ambiri Venus anali, monga m'modzi wa mbalume wotchuka kwambiri, ndi amene lero alinso ndi maphunziro ambiri? Mmodzi - amene osaonekanso, kugunda dziko mchikakamizo cha mphamvu osefukira dzuwa. magulu awa kwambiri yafupika Venus kasinthasintha liwiro, umene ndi chinthu ali pafupi kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Monga amadziwika, thupi akunja amene walandira dzina polemekeza mulungu wamkazi, ali yokoka kuposa Earth. N'zosadabwitsa kuti Venus mosavuta anakoka Kanema yake, chifukwa iye si sanachite anakhalabe.

Gululi chiphunzitso, mwatsoka, kunena kuti n'zosatheka kutsimikizira mfundo. mfundo ndi yakuti zakuthambo pa nthawi ya kutha kwa Kanema zasinthira, analibe makina zamphamvu zimene angathe kugwila ngoziyo. Choncho, kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa ndi kungoganizira pamwamba dziko la sayansi mungathe konse.

chiphunzitso №2

Othandiza chiphunzitso wachiwiri ndi chidwi mwakhama wakale wa dziko mwachinsinsi, wotchedwa Venus. Kodi makina ambiri kamodzi anali tizidalira mfundo zawo? Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti yekha, popanda wa Mercury. Panali nthawi zina pamene Mercury anali chabe Kanema wa dzikoli, koma pang'onopang'ono analekana ndipo muli mapulaneti yake kanjira.

N'chifukwa chiyani? Asayansi amene amatsatira chiphunzitso chachiwiri cha kutchuka, amakonda mlandu mphamvu osefukira dzuwa. Umboni wa kopanda lino, monga mfundo zawo, wosakwiya kwambiri kasinthasintha wa Venus. Pajatu anapezeka kuti tsiku padziko lino ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu anakhala padziko lapansi. Komanso, zakuthambo amanena za kutentha kwa dziko, kukhulupirira kuti wakhala wotero otentha mwachindunji zochita kwambiri yaikulu pa Kanema.

chiphunzitso №3

Gulu lachitatu asayansi anatenga mazana angapo akanali funso moto: nanga - kachipangizo wa Venus. Pamndandanda wa anthu, malingana ndi iwo, anali nthawi zonse kanthu. Kunja thupi lonse ulipodi mu dongosolo la zowalitsa anali kusungulumwa. Anthu amene amakhulupirira amanena, akukhulupirira kuti Venus anayambika chifukwa cha masoka zikuluzikulu, zomwe ndi kugunda kwa matupi awiri lakumwamba (planetoids).

Zinali tsoka, monga ankati ndi mbali ya chiphunzitso yachitatu chifukwa yekha kuti kuphunzira dziko mwina siziwoneka Kanema achilengedwe. Kumene, pali malingaliro ena sakhala otchuka, koma akhala kukwaniritsa pangano ndi oimira dziko sayansi.

Woyamba Kanema yokumba

Sikutheka asakhudze pa funso lina chidwi chimene iwo ali - makina yokumba wa Venus. Woyamba unayambitsidwa mu June 1975. Ichi chinali Soviet "Venera-9" anakamba mu dera la Moscow dera Lavochkin. Modabwitsa, ndi "Venera-9" ku mfundo luso view, kwambiri kuposa zida yapita la Soviet Union. Kulemera wotchuka yokumba Kanema, amene Launch anali ndi kutengeka padziko lonse, kuyandikira tonnes asanu.

Kale mu October 1975, makina ali bwinobwino anafika mbali sunlit wa Venus, amene sangathe kuona kwa dzikoli. Kuwulutsa mafano "Nthanda" pamwamba monga mwa ndakatulo wotchedwa Venus Soviet asayansi unayambitsidwa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti aka kanali koyamba kuti zithunzi Lapansi kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lina anatitumiza. Kumene, zithunzi anali mu utoto, Venus malo zachititsa Kugwirizana ndi m'mapiri m'nyengo yozizira. Kulankhulana ndi chipangizo anali anakhalabe kwa ola limodzi, kuti m'masiku amenewo anali kupambana lalikulu.

Akatswiri

Ngakhale kudziwa yankho la funso bwanji miyezi angati Venus, anthu lekani kuphunzira dziko ichi. Amadziwika kuti msonkhano khama kuphunzira kwa dziko thupi, mkati limene unayambitsidwa "Venus-9", unatha. Izo zinachitika kumbuyo mu 80s m'ma ankatanthauza chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama komanso mavuto ena. Panopa Komabe, Federal Space Agency akugwira ntchito pa polojekiti wofuna, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukhazikitsa opanda interplanetary probes kuti Venus.

Amaganiza kuti "Venera-Glob" ndi siteshoni "Venera-D" adzakhala anapezerapo padziko pakati pa zaka khumi zotsatira, tsiku lenileni akadali zobisika. Kumene, pa nthawi zosiyana za makina kuphunzira dziko ndi kumutumiza ku United States. Awa anali magalimoto ndiwe wa mndandanda wa "Woyendetsa Chombo".

kudziwika quasi-Kanema

Kotero, udzakhazikitsidwe kuti Venus makina, chiwerengero cha amene m'nkhani ino, ayi. Koma dziko ndi dzina lake polemekeza mulungu wamkazi, ali quasi-Kanema, woimira ndi asteroid. Ndondomekozi dzina la malo chinthu - 2002 VE68, panthawi imene ntchito padziko lonse. dzina mwini quasi-Kanema sanayambebe anapambana.

Mfundo za quasi-Kanema

asteroid Ichi chikudziwika zochepa kwambiri, popeza anapeza yekha mu 2002. Anapeza kuti danga chinthu mitanda zinthu mapulaneti atatu, izi Venus, Mercury ndi Earth. kasinthasintha ake mozungulira dzuwa ikuchitika kotero kuti kumveka kumachitika pakati pa quasi-Kanema yozungulira ndi Venus. Ndi kumveka izi mozindikira ndi asteroid kwa nthawi yaitali kuti kukonda ndi "nthanda."

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti quasi-Kanema wa Venus anapanga za zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo. Mwina anali mu kanjira, "Nthanda" pa kukumana ndi Earth. Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti asteroid adzakhala mu kanjira wa Venus ali pafupi zaka mazana asanu ndi pite kuyandikira kwa dzuwa. Nthawi yeniyeni si koma zosatheka kuwerengetsa, koma anthu a dziko maphunziro musasiye, kupitirizabe kuphunzira funso limeneli.

ziyembekezo ndi chiyani

Kodi pali nthawi Venus makina? Ena asayansi sazindikira kukusalani zingathe kuchitika m'gulu Komabe, amati zimenezi ndi chodziwikiratu kuti chichitike mu zaka zotsatira mazana angapo. Choncho, ngakhale kwa nthawi yaitali pafupi ndi "Nthanda" Posachedwa spacecraft ndi quasi-Kanema. asayansi ena ndi sanakhulupirire kuti Venus ali mwayi ndi makina. nthawi Only tingasonyeze m'gulu chinali cholondola ndi chimene chinali cholakwika.

chidwi Ndipotu

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Venus si dziko limodzi lokha mu System Dzuwa, lomwe kwathunthu palibe nthambi zachilengedwe. Si kale, asayansi anatulukira kuti kulibe, Mercury. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthawi zina anali ankaganiza kuti nthambi ku dziko analipodi ndipo kenako osaonekanso. Komabe, kafukufuku asonyeza fallacy a Baibulo limeneli. Kunapezeka kuti ilili zachilengedwe amalandira nyenyezi a kuwundana mbale.

Amadziwika kuti yokumba wake woyamba Kanema wa Mercury anagula okha March 2011. Ndi ndiye kuti potsiriza anayandikira spacecraft "Mtumiki", umene unali wa United States. Yankho la funso mmene makina ambiri Venus linakonzedwa kale kwambiri.