Tsoka, lotseguka kwa dziko Eli Vizelem

munthu amene dziko liri chidziwitso chake tsoka. Munthu amene anali oyamba m'mabuku za kupondereza anthu achiyuda ndi a Nazi. Eli Vizel - woyambitsa "Night" wa buku la, anatulukira dziko choonadi za milandu ya Nazi. Chifukwa ndinapulumuka tinkadziwa Auschwitz, iye anadzudzula osati alonda ake, koma dziko lonse, osagwirizana ndi chete akudutsa.

Popeza wolemba wotchuka, ankamukonda Nobel Prize. Si m'manja chopereka mabukuwo, komanso katswiri wa dziko, monga izo mpaka m'masiku otsiriza a moyo wake - cheza cha kuwala ndi chitsanzo cha anthu, sadzataya chikhulupiriro mu ubwino.

Vizel Eli. yonena

Eli Vizel anabadwa pa 30.09.1928, ku Northern Transylvania, mumzinda wa Sighet, banja achipembedzo achiyuda. Iye analandira miyambo ya maphunziro achipembedzo. Monga iye anati, ubwana ndi unyamata wake "anali mu Talmud." Iye anaphunzira Chiheberi tsiku. Makolo - Sarah ndi Shlomo Wiesel - anamuphunzitsa mtima wonse timakonda Ayuda. Ndipo izo moyo wanga wonse.

Mu 1941, mzinda umene anakhala Wiesel banja linalanda kwa Hungary. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Nazi anapha Ayuda amene akhalabe wosadziwa chimene adzawonongedwa zina. Mu 1943 Nazi anatenga dziko Hungary.

Mu Sighet, wakwawo kwa Eli, anapita mphekesera za kupanduka kwa Ayuda mu Warsaw ghetto. Ankadandaula kuti pali zambiri ndipo m'pofunika kuti azivutika. Choncho akulemba yekha Vizel Eli - buku "Forest Gate" ndi "Night" nkhani zambirimbiri za nyengo ino ya moyo wake.

Koma mu 1944, Anazi anayamba kukhazikitsa dongosolo lake lamkunkhuniza. Only mu Hungary, oposa 800 000 Ayuda anaphedwa mu 1944. Amene anakhalabe anawabweza kuti Auschwitz - kundende ina ku Poland. Titafika ku gulu lake, ndi atate wake atasiyana ndi mayi ake ndi alongo atatu.

mayi wake, Sarah, ndi mlongo wamng'ono Tzipora m'ndende sanapulumuke. Vizel Eli ndi bambo ake anali ndi m'ndende Monowitz. miyezi eyiti m'ndende Wiesel anakwanitsa kukhala pafupi ndi bambo ake, ngakhale kuti iwo ali wopanda mathero inasamutsidwa kuchoka ku gawo wina ndi mzake.

imfa ulendo

Nyengo yozizira ya 1944 Auschwitz anali anasamutsidwa, monga asilikali patsogolo Soviet. Akaidi anathamangitsidwa wapansi kwa Buchenwald - yozunzirako anthu ku Germany. Njala ozizira ndipo, kutopa, ndi nkhanza, asilikali ambiri anaphedwa. msasa anamasulidwa April 11, 1945. bambo Eli sankafuna ukawona kumasulidwa kwa msasa sabata, kupiriranso njala komanso kumenyedwa. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Vera Vizelya m'pang'ono pomwe. Koma ndi alikukonzeka watsopano mphamvu kumbuyo kwa izo mtsogolo.

Pa tsiku lachitatu ufulu Vizel Eli anali anavulala pa masabata awiri anali mu chipatala pakati pa moyo ndi imfa. Pamene atawuka Iye ankafuna kudziyang'ana pa ndekha ndipo anadza kwa galasi. Wiesel analemba yekha, sanathe kuona nkhope yake kuyambira analandidwa. Kuchokera akuya galasi ankawoneka akufa. Pamenepo Eli opezeka mmodzi wa m'misasa ku Paris alongo ake - Hilda ndi Beatrice.

ntchito Early

Mu 1948 iye analembetsa pa Sorbonne - Paris University. Aphunzira kuwerenga kwa maganizo, nzeru, mabuku. Nditamaliza maphunziro anagwira ntchito mtolankhani ndipo posakhalitsa anapita ku India, komwe anakhala chaka chimodzi. Mu 1955 anasamukira ku United States ndipo mu 1963 anadzakhala nzika.

Wiesel ntchito zolembalemba inayamba mu Chiyidishi, kenako anaifalitsa mu Chiheberi. Kenako analemba French ndipo m'zaka zaposachedwapa - mu Chingerezi. "Ndipo dziko anali chete" - buku loyamba, lomwe linasindikizidwa Eli Vizelem ku Argentina mu Chiyidishi mu 1956. Patatha zaka 2, latembenuzidwira French ndi lofalitsidwa pansi udindo "Night".

Ayuda a chete

Buku wabweretsa kutchuka lonse. dziko adamva. Kunali kosatheka kuti asamve. Vizel Eli, amene mabuku poyera zoopsa za Anazi ndi amene ali chete osayanjanitsika, ndipo anadutsa, moyo unasunga chikumbukiro cha Nazi. Munthu woyamba iye anayamba kuuza anthu padziko lonse kuthandiza Soviet Ayuda, kuchepetsa zotsatira zawo kuseri kwa Iron Katani.

Mu 1965, Wiesel adza kwa Soviet Union, pofuna umboni za mavuto a anthu a chiyuda. Iye anakomana ndi owayimilira omwe. Chidwi ndi zimene anamva ndiponso zimene anaona mu Soviet Union Eli Vizelem walemba buku "Ayuda Kulankhula." Buku zosangalatsa za moyo wa Soviet Ayuda. Mutu wa buku lili ndi matanthauzo awiri.

Kuyambira kuwerenga ntchito, kodi mukuganiza kuti bukuli ndi za anthu amene ali chete za zotsatira zawo. Koma pofika cha kuwerenga inu mukuzindikira kuti mawu amenewa akuuza kwenikweni kwa Ayuda ku mayiko free, chifukwa passivity awo ndi kuchita kanthu pa mavuto ena. Wiesel si chete - apatsa nkhani, analemba nkhani, akuchonderera mabungwe mayiko zionetsero malamulo a Soviet Union.

zilandiridwenso Wiesel

Kumapeto kwa 50s wa, Eli akutembenukira kwa ntchito zolembalemba. A mbali yofunika ya ntchito zolembedwa ndi Eli Vizelem, wodzipereka kwa Nazi zoopsa ndi wosaiwalika wa Ayuda. Ngwazi za mabuku ake, mavuto awo ndi tsogolo la yekha Ayuda.

Iye amaona moyo mwa prism wa Kabbalah ndi Talmud. Mabuku ambiri onena za kuwonongedwa kwa mtundu wa Ayuda ndi Anazi, ndi zopusa cha nkhanza zawo, za sizilephereka kuti kumvetsa zinthu izi kwa mfundo achipembedzo a view. M'makalata ake iye analankhula za unacceptability chiwawa ndi kusalabadira ufulu wa anthu, tsankho ndi osalabadira.

Ambiri a nkhani zake ndi nkhani laperekedwa kwa othawa kwawo, anthu akumanidwa chikhulupiriro, dzina ndi dziko. Anthu ataimirira pa zobvuta aliko. Great chopereka Eli Vizelem unayamba mu zochitika za anthu osamukira ndi othawa. mabungwe ndale komanso kulabadira mavuto a anthu. Wiesel Mzimu chiyembekezo ofunitsitsa tsoka bwino pa nawo anthu ndi kukhulupirirana.

Eli Vizel. Mlembi

• "Night", 1958.
• "Forest Gate", 1966.
• "Ukufuna Dawn", 1960.
• "Tsiku", 1961.
• "Ayuda a Chete", 1966.
• "Yerusalemu wopemphapempha" mu 1968.
• "Chassidic chisangalalo", 1971.
• "Lumbiro Kolviyyake", 1973.
• "Zalman, kapena misala Divine", 1968.
• "Chachisanu Mwana", 1983.
• "Pa madzulo, mtunda", 1987.

ntchito panja

Vizel Eli, monga katswiri wa Studies Ayuda, waphunzitsa pa Georgetown, Boston ndi Yale yunivesite. Ndayenda kwambiri padziko lonse ndipo lectured, pa misonkhano. Iye anatsogolera yogwira cikhalidwe.

• zaka 1980-1986 - wapampando wa Nazi Museum ku Los Angeles.
• 1985 - kupereka kwa Congressional Zikho.
• 1986 - wopambana wa Nobel Prize.
• 2006 - kupereka mutu wa Aulemu Knight.

July 2, 2016 ku New York anafa Eli Vizel - ndi zaumunthu ndi mphunzitsi amene pamoyo wake wonse kuti kulimbana ufulu wa anthu. Iye anayesera kuti auze anthu onse phindu la ufulu. Amateteza kusayeruzika anthu amene alibe kudziwa, ngakhale n'zotheka kuteteza ufulu wawo.