Ulimi makina kwa yoyeretsa ya tirigu ndi kusanja

Popanda ulimi kosatheka kuyerekezera moyo wa munthu masiku ano. gawo ili katundu ndi chuma cha chakudya ndi zipangizo zopangira zigawo zina za mafakitale. Zamgululi ndi zovuta ulimi anali kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, m'pofunika kulenga zinthu zovomerezeka, komanso kuchita kupuntha, amene ntchito makina otsukira yambewu zosafunika.

yambewu kuyeretsa makina

Mapira kuyeretsa makina - makina zolinga zaulimi, zimene akuchita yoyeretsa ya mbewu, komanso kusanja ake osiyanasiyana makhalidwe kukula, roughness, kachulukidwe ndi mtundu.

Mfundo ntchito zachokera:

• kuuluka bwino potsatira njira katundu;
• kukula;
• osalimba, mawonekedwe, pamwamba chikhalidwe cha mbewu;
• elasticity awo, mtundu ndi katundu magetsi.

Machine kukonza tirigu angathe:

• kuyeretsa mbewu mothandizidwa ndi otaya mpweya;
• unagawanika mbewu, malinga ndi kukula, pa grids ya;
• kupuntha kupereka otaya mpweya;
• kugawidwa ndi kutalika kwa mbewu Trier;
• kuyeretsa komanso kuthetsa tirigu kachulukidwe;
• kubala kupatukana mbewu maonekedwe ndi ntchito makamera ndi akatswiri.

kuyeretsa tirigu

Kwambiri chizindikiro yaikulu ya Mbeu akuti ndi woyera. Nthawi yokolola amagwa ndi zosafunika dzinthu ena. Amafuna mukakolola tirigu ndi kutsukidwa.

ndi zosafunika ndi cholinga cha kuyeretsedwa chiyani?

yambewu woyera ikuchitika pa mitundu itatu zosafunika:

1. Mapira. Pamafunikanso: kuonongeka, utakula, mphwephwa tirigu ndi anzawo.
2. Udzu. Umene: apezeka wa lapansi, mchenga, slag, masamba, zimayambira, mbewu ya namsongole zakutchire, tizirombo.
3. Zoipa. Iwo n'loopsa kwambiri kwa nyama ndi anthu. Izi zikuphatikizapo zomera chakupha.

Komanso, pali zinthu zosafunika anasiyanitsidwa ndi trudnootdelimye. Woyamba akhoza kuchotsedwa ntchito njira ochiritsira, ndipo chachiwiri - mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zina zapadera.

Ngati mbewu kuyeretsa makina molondola kusintha, ndiye minda, mukhoza kuchotsa ngati kuli kotheka kwa mbewu zosafunika kuwala organic. Ndipo pamene yatsekera m'madera namsongole, kukonza tirigu opangidwa pambuyo deta. Iwo imvera kuchotsa yankhungu, mbewu wosweka. Kwenikweni osakaniza ndi wosiyana mu tuzigawo twa:

• mitundu mbewu choyamba;
• yambewu Maphunziro II;
• Lalikulu-kakulidwe zosafunika;
• zinyalala yaing'ono.

Zimenezi amatchedwa fractionating kulekana.

Mawerengedwe a kuyeretsa tirigu

mawerengedwe a ikuchitika mwa mitunduyi zosiyanasiyana. Njira yokha akulongosoledwa Buku mlandu ndi kulembetsa ntchito ndi tirigu. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, mawerengedwe a ikuchitika, pamene tirigu imapita sitolo ndi kuwonetsedwa zikalata nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Ngati pali kukonzanso kulembetsa (pambuyo processing mbewu), misa masamu kuchita masamu. misa ili ntchito zosiyanasiyana malipiro ndalama, komanso zogula chikole.

Nanga ndi crediting (Pamudzi) tirigu kulemera? chithunzi ili mukuimira munthu wa thupi misa ya zakudya zachimanga, amene yafupika ndi pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa kupatuka kulemera kwa chikhalidwe cha chinyezi komanso zosafunika mu mbewu. Chilinganizo cha pafupifupi misa:

Mpikisano Record misa = misa ya thupi - thupi misa * (kuchuluka kuchepetsa zosafunika + peresenti kuchepetsa chinyezi) / 100)

The mawerengedwe a chilinganizo izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati tirigu kumafuna ena kuukonza. Pamene kuyanika chachitika ndi kuyeretsa tirigu, kuwonda yafupika ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi komanso zosafunika. Onse njira ndi ntchito ayenera kutero.

Kodi zolimbikitsira chuma pa kuyeretsa tirigu

Mbewu kubwera kulankhula, muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri voliyumu lonse anagulitsidwa pa mtengo yabwino. Kodi izi chingapezeke ndi mmene m'mudzi ndalama musalumphe phindu?

• Tirigu woyamba ndi wosiyana zinyalala ndi zinyalala.
• Ndiye, kuyanika ndondomeko ayenera kukhala dekhetsa ndi musawononge mbewu.
• Mapira misa ndi wosiyana mu tizigawo tosiyanasiyana, ndi makalasi kalasi.
• Ndipo, monga gawo lotsiriza, m'pofunika kuteteza mbewu kuchokera ndondomeko clogging.

Ulimi makina kuyeretsa ndi kusanja wa mbewu chingatithandize kupirira mu gawo loyamba ndi wachitatu.

Systematization cha okonza yambewu

Yambewu kuyeretsa makina anawagawira:

1. Mwa maikidwe: onse ndi wapadera. makina ambiri-cholinga ntchito yoyeretsa pulayimale ndi sekondale, kusanja. makina cholinga chapadera ntchito wothandiza ndi wapadera mankhwala a mbewu.
2. Mfundo ntchito ndi zikuchokera kwa nyumba ntchito makina ambiri-cholinga: mpweya sieve, mpweya, indented ndi mpweya sieve-indented.
3. Mwa njira kuyenda: atathana ndi mafoni.

Machine kuyeretsa ndi kusankha mbewu

Mapira imatengedwa maziko a ulimi. Pambuyo ntchito mpaka ufa ntchito ngati zipangizo za ulimi wa chakudya: mkate, masikono, mitanda ndi pasta, dzinthu. Monga atawalamula kumawonjezera chaka chilichonse mtundu wa mankhwala, m'pofunika kugula zida apamwamba - mfundo yaikulu mu makampani processing tirigu.

Kodi kusankha galimoto ya mtundu uwu?

Processing ndi kuyeretsa tirigu chikuchitika mu magawo angapo. Choyamba m'pofunika pokonza mbewu, kuyeretsa zosafunika. Kuonetsetsa mnjira ntchito makina kuyeretsa tirigu. zida izi ndi udindo mphamvu ya ntchito, Komanso kuti kodi khalidwe la mankhwala yotsirizidwa.

Kuchita kuyeretsa tirigu, m'pofunika kuti makina amapereka luso, malinga ndi zimene zofuna kupanga ali ndi utoto.

Ulimi makina kwa yoyeretsa ya tirigu angakhale mitundu ingapo:

• Air sieve olekanitsa kuyeretsa mbewu kwa mapapo, ang'ono ndi zosafunika lalikulu.
• Kamneotdelitel ntchito yochotsera miyala, galasi ndi zosafunika ena omwe si maginito.
• Treater kuyeretsa tirigu ku zodetsa kuti ndi laling'ono kapena lalikulu kuposa mbewu.
• The olekanitsa maginito ntchito kuyeretsa tirigu zosafunika kampasi.

Yoyenera kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida kuti akhoza kuyeretsa tirigu mitundu yonse zosafunika kuti akhale izo. Choncho m'pofunika kulabadira kwambiri mechanization ndi zochita zokha.

provisional tirigu kuyeretsa makina

Mtundu wa makina cholinga kukonza tirigu mitundu yonse zosafunika. Iwo mbali zotsatirazi:

• iwo zimawononga mphamvu pang'ono;
• mosavuta reconfigured kwa mitundu pali mbewu;
• m'ma / × tirigu kuyeretsa makina odalirika ntchito;
• ntchito wangwiro;
• adzalandira kukhumba ogwira kuyeretsa tirigu zosafunika kuwala;
• ngn7uots3ebolshaya mtengo.

The otchuka kwambiri makina chisanadze kuyeretsa monga:

1. MPO-5. Iwo ali mphamvu 5,9 kW, kapangidwe yaying'ono. . Misa - 1.2 mamita akhoza kuyeretsa kwa mphindi 60: matani 18 a tirigu, chimanga ndi mbewu mpendadzuwa 5 m.
2. Maliro-2.5. Iwo ali mphamvu 3,7 kW, kapangidwe yaying'ono. . Misa - 0,84 mamita luso kuchotsa mu mphindi 60 matani 9 tirigu, chimanga ndi mpendadzuwa mbewu 2.5 m.
3. MPO 50. Iwo ali mphamvu 7.5 kW, kukula ang'onoang'ono. Kulemera -. Matani 1.041 waluso kwa mphindi 60 kuyeretsa matani 50 a mbewu.

Nthawi zambiri, zitsanzo zimenezi zitagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeta zovuta, amene anayikidwa mu malo mwapadera kutchula. Iwo ali mu ankafuna mu minda ambiri. precleaning makina osavuta ntchito ndi ndalama kukhalabe. Chifukwa cha utumiki wawo ayenera makaniko chimodzi chokha. moyo Service angafikire kwa zaka khumi.

Makina kuyeretsa chachikulu yambewu

chithandizo yaikulu ya tirigu likuvutika makina kuyeretsa. Machine kwa yoyeretsa ya tirigu (chachikulu) ndi zitsanzo ngati: DR-20 (20a, 10).

Kodi chofunika mankhwala ndondomeko?

Mothandizidwa ndi zida zimatulutsa nambala yaikulu zosafunika zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zomvetsa tirigu anali kochepa. Kupatukana ikuchitika pa aerodynamics katundu, m'lifupi ndi makulidwe monga makina mpweya sieve. Pamene kusanja ndi kutalika chipika kuyeretsa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Anataya mbewu pakati pa siteji iyi - osapitirira 1.5%. Pambuyo mankhwala chachikulu zili zosafunika zoipa yafupika 3%.

Makina kukonza tirigu yachiwiri

yambewu Secondary kuyeretsa makina - zosafunika wosiyana mbewu zosiyana m'lifupi, makulidwe ndi katundu kuuluka bwino potsatira njira.

Iwo anaika ndi ntchito m'madipatimenti kukonzekera pa mphero lapansi. makina zoyera: dzinthu, nyemba, luso ndi oilseeds. Pali mitundu amenewa:

• Kuyamwa-7;
• midadada indented BTM;
• PT-600.
• MS-4.5

chithandizo Secondary anafuna kopita kwa mbewu mbewu amene anadutsa chithandizo chachikulu. Angathe kumasuka osachepera 80% zosafunika.

Pofuna kupereka anthu ndi katundu quality, aliyense wopanga ayenera kusamalira ndondomeko. Kupanga lonse mzere ayenera zigwirizana yekha zida zamakono, zomwe kumathandizanso kuchepetsa ndalama yosungirako, kuyeretsa ndi yobwezeretsanso proudktsii. Kuti apitirize kupeza zipangizo ndi makhalidwe ake, phindu zabwino ndi zoipa mbali The angathe kupempha thandizo la akatswiri kapena kuti kuwunika malo enieni.