Wambiri Mayakovsky

Wotchuka ndi wokondedwa Russian Futurist ndakatulo Vladimir Mayakovsky anabadwa Baghdadi eni midzi yomwe ili mu Province Kutaisi, July 19, 1893. Iye wotchuka monga wolemba masewero wina wamkulu, mtolankhani luso, ndi screenwriter kwambiri ndipo wotsogolera, ndi wojambula kwambiri. Mayakovsky a mbiri kulenga kwathandiza iye chizindikiro cha nyengo yake. Vladimir Vladimirovich ndi chimodzi mwa ojambula zithunzi wotchuka nyengo Soviet.

Mwachidule yonena za Mayakovsky

Poyamba ndakatulo ku banja zabwino. Bambo ake anali nkhalango mu Transcaucasian Erivan Province. Mu 1902, Vladimir azikaphunzira pa zolimbitsa thupi mzindawo. Komabe, patapita zaka zinayi, bambo wolemba ndakatulo wamwalira mwadzidzidzi. Zitachitika adzaoneni, makolo ake anasamukira ku moyo mu Moscow.

Mayakovsky ku likulu kudutsa mayeso ophunzira kukhala wachisanu chakale zolimbitsa thupi. Koma mu 1908 iye anachotsedwa sukulu chifukwa cha sanali malipiro.

Ngakhale mu Caucasus, Vladimir nawo zionetsero wophunzira. Pambuyo iye anali mu Moscow, tsoka akubweretsa kwa anthu achichepere nawo kufala kwa malingaliro chosintha. Iye amakhala membala wa RSDLP ndi amachita ntchito kulimbikitsa mwa ogwira ntchito, chifukwa kangapo amugwira.

Wambiri Mayakovsky limasonyeza kuti mfundo ameneyu mapangidwe a ndakatulo monga chosintha a. M'zaka 1908-09 Vladimir Vladimirovich katatu anakwanitsa kufika kumbuyo zitsulo ndi linatulutsidwa chifukwa chakuti panalibe umboni. Komabe, miyezi khumi, iye anakhala m'ndende. Zinali pamene pali ndakatulo yoyamba yomwe analemba Mayakovsky.

Wambiri ndi ntchito ya Vladimir Vladimirovich kwambiri zogwirizana. M'ndende chinali chiyambi mapangidwe ake, monga wolemba ndakatulo.

Nditatuluka m'ndende, Mayakovsky akulowa kalasi kukonzekera za m'Sukulu ya Stroganov, omwe aphunzitsidwa ojambula zithunzi Zhukov S. ndi P. Kelin. Patapita nthawi ndakatulo achinyamata ndakatulo kale lofalitsidwa mu anthologies. Koma posachedwapa kwa nawo wosaloleka zisudzo anthu a Futurists, ndipo iye anachotsedwa m'banja.

Mu 1912, limodzi la almanacs za "Gilea" anatulutsa Ndondomeko Mlembi ndi Vladimir Mayakovsky ndi Velimir Khlebnikov, ndi ena. Iwo anati kufunika kulenga chinenero zolembalemba chimene chimachita Masiku ano si Kumvetsela miyambo mabuku ovomerezeka. Pokhala malingaliro awa anali staging mu 1913 ku St. Petersburg tsoka "Vladimir Mayakovsky", pomwe wolemba amachita ngati wosewera otchuka ndi wotsogolera. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuwala uchoka Kutolere ndakatulo wotchedwa "Ine".

Pa First World nkhondo, analenga ntchito, kuvumbula zopusa ndi nkhanza za nkhondoyo. Mmodzi wa iwo - "mtambo Buluku" kuneneratu ulimi akubwera.

Wambiri Mayakovsky anatchulapo yolimbikira cikhalidwe a ndakatulo iyi. Mu 1918, iye amalenga kuyanjana "Komfut", lomwe limatanthawuza futurism chikominisi, osindikizidwa mu mlungu uliwonse "kuyanjana Art".

Mu 1920, Vladimir Vladimirovich amatenga kulenga kucheza LEF, pamene iye anakomana ndi S.Tretyakovym ndi B. Pasternak neri Al. Ziwerengero za zosiyanasiyana za luso.

Mu makumi a Mayakovsky ntchito imodzi pa amadzibisa angapo. Iye ndi mtolankhani angapo manyuzipepala Soviet. Kulimbikitsa ndondomeko yatsopano mtengo analemba limericks, ndakatulo kwa zithunzi kampeni ndi apakhungu Zotengera. Nthawi imeneyi, iwo unalengedwa ndakatulo, "Chabwino!" Ndipo "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin".

Wolemba ndakatulo zambiri kuyendera m'mayiko ena, komwe atamukoka malingaliro kulenga "odana bourgeois" zinthu. Akuyenda kwambiri kuzungulira dziko, kuwerenga gawo ntchito zabwino. Vladimir zisudzo, anaikira kumvetsera zosavuta, limodzi ndi nthabwala ndi improvisations.

Mayakovsky yonena limasonyeza kuti 30s anali kunasintha moyo a ndakatulo iyi. Kuwonjezera zododometsa mu moyo wake ndi kukangana ndi dziko kunjaku, angathandizidwe ndi imfa ya mawu. Kachitsotso chatha anali kupanga kulephera kwa "kusamba". Izi ndi zinthu zina chikwiyire kudzipha wa Mayakovsky.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya ndakatulo ntchito yake itagwa yoletsedwa, amene yekha mu 1939 pempho la Lili Brik anawomberedwa ndi Stalin.