Yapansi mumphangayo. Mzinda wa Moscow

Classic mumphangayo mobisa mu Moscow zinamangidwa popanda pulani alipo popanda akukonzekera pofuna misewu. Izi zachititsa kuti milu ena polenga dongosolo zoyendera omwe ulipo mpaka lero lino. Panopa amatsatila malamulo wamba, monga chikalata SNIP 32-02-2003.

Iwo analenga mobisa dongosolo zoyendera?

Woyamba yapansi mumphangayo, anaganiza tiyambe kumanga mu 1931. Pangani ntchito pa maziko a deta miyala. Zipangizo nyumba pa nthawi anasankhidwa kuchokera konkire, amene anakhalabe chiyambireni.

yapansi ngalande anakumba pa chaka, pa 2 miliyoni kiyubiki mamita kutumizidwa kwa chilengedwe cha migodi yaitali. Pafupifupi 88 zikwi matani zitsulo anakhala pa amaika mumsewu misewu ndi kulimbikitsa wa anawasema. The nyumba poyamba munali kapangidwe matabwa ndi zida ndi zipangizo chachikulu kutchinjiriza.

Yapansi mumphangayo anatsimikizira ntchito wapatali, zinatengera rubles oposa 800 miliyoni. Analimbitsa arches konkire Kenako anasiya makhalidwe, koma panthawiyo mwakhama ntchito buku loyamba nyumbayi. Mumbali arches idakhazikika chitsulo yamachubu, zipangizo kumatira anasankha denga chuma, phula, phula zikujambulidwa.

machenjerero ameneŵa amafuna kusamala ndi zonse yokonza, amene palibe zosawonongetsa ndalama zambiri pambuyo kukulozani wa chinthu. Mzinda wa Moscow ndi chobvalidwa zaka ndi chofunika kukhazikitsanso, mofanana ndi mtengo wa pomanga mumphangayo latsopano. Choncho, ntchito yatsopano kale muli mungachite kuti apeze mu zaka zingapo ndipo amakhudza wamakono wa nyumba.

Zida kwa yapansi oyambirira

Ngalande yomanga zinachitikadi analimbitsa slabs konkire, kumtunda kumene zigawo lakunja la miyala, mapangidwe nthaka. kudenga Vaulted amapereka mphamvu yapamwamba ndi kudalirika kwa nyumba. M'madera lotseguka njira mobisa anachita kudenga mosabisa. Popeza kupanda lapadziko katundu njira anachita mu kachitidwe anayi.

Ngalande akupitiriza zonse. Moscow ikukula, ndi kuchuluka amafuna zoyendera anthu. Zida kale yomanga sanasiye liwiro panopa ndi mphamvu ya kayendedwe ka magalimoto. Koma mawonekedwe zozungulira mwa ngalandezi akadali anasunga lero. nyumba imeneyi wosalira ndi odalirika kwambiri akhoza olekanitsidwa madzi amene amatuluka pa mitu nzika pa ulendo yapansi panthaka.

Mzinda wa Moscow ali milingo angapo atagona mobisa. Izi ndi zofunika pofuna kupewa ndizi mizere. Kapangidwe yokha zizindikiro okwera mwachindunji kukwera zone ndi kuyenda ngalande. nthambi onse ogwirizana ndi kusintha kuti facilitates kayendedwe pa maulendo ataliatali kudutsa njira zovuta.

The yapansi chipangizo

Subways okwerera yapansi ndi Arc woboola pakati arches una wa ofanana. Kodi zida ndi nsanja yogonamo ndiponso alighting m'basimo, anakhazikitsa akuthandiza mizati. Iwo anagwiritsanso chapamwamba gawo arcuate unsembe.

Timayesetsa ikani nsanja pakati pa njanji kuti atsogolere embarkation ndi disembarkation m'basimo. Komabe, ena okwerera adakali ndi nsanja mbali, nkhawa Station "Comintern". Palokha, nsanja nthawi zambiri inali ofesi danga, osachepera apitirire mu belu gawo, kumene msinkhu kwambiri akuyika m'mabande.

Yapansi una wa kutha nthambi akufa yotsiriza, pamene nyimbo amakonzedwa kwa kayendedwe zosiyana. Palinso m'malo a akasinja wolakwika septic kusunga magalimoto. Pa zina mwa njira deadlocks zimamangidwa mu sitima pakati mtunda. Izi njira panopa alipo ku siteshoni "Komsomolskaya", izo ili mu mzindawo. Izi muyeso pofuna gulu kwambiri a sitima.

Features

Mobisa yapansi si anaika angapo misinkhu, amene amathandiza kulinganiza bwino yolozera dongosolo. Stations mkati kuyenda mtunda wa wina ndi mzake. kuya kwake zimasiyanasiyana Malire zotsatirazi:

• Nato ngalande - kukula masamu ndi nsanja pamwamba msewu msinkhu ndi sostalyaet ku mamita 16 mpaka 35.
• una wa pamwamba anaika pa akuya mamita 7 mpaka 9.
• Ngalande akuya pafupifupi imakonzedwa pa mlingo pakati pa 9 ndi 16 mamita.

Kutalika kwa malo mapulani anaikira magalimoto 8. m'lifupi A ranges ku mamita 10 mpaka 21, malinga ndi kuzama mwa ngalandezi lapansi. Aliyense chipinda ali okonzeka ndi kuyatsa mwadzidzidzi pa ngozi. Norma kuyatsa amodzi okwerera bungwe malinga ndi muyezo, kusonyeza lamulo la 100 lux.

Mtunda pakati okwerera zimasiyanasiyana mamita 500 1400. Ngalande ndi chimakweza, amatchedwa escalators, amakonda pa makona a madigiri 30 kuti yopingasa. Kutentha amaperekedwa ndi ngalande mpweya chimakwirira kuti okwerera kotero kukusalani kuthekera njira yozizira.

chokongoletsera chipinda

Zina zopangira za cholowa mapulani. Aliyense ali yake wapadera njira. Kutsiriza zipangizo kale ntchito monga lubwe ndi za nsangalabwi. Unatengera pamwamba wodzazidwa mizati, makoma, arches. Anali akuunika mindandanda yamasewera chachikulu kuyatsa.

una wa Railway ndi waypoint njanji zofanana pamalo okwerera sitima. Ngati n'koyenera, galimoto ochiritsira akhoza bwinobwino kutsatira nthambi mobisa. Latsopano yapansi maulendo nthawi zambiri zimalowana ndi zilipo njira yakumadzulo / e, kupanga zosavuta modernize kumalo okwerera sitima ndi kutsegulidwa kwa nthambi yatsopano.

Kuyatsa kwa una wa padziko koloko. Kuthetsa zolephera kusonyeza magetsi ndi ofiira ndi obiriwira chizindikiro waikidwa yapansi panthaka. Oletsa kuwala dalaivala sangathe kugonjetsa. Imakhala galimoto-loko dongosolo pamene mabuleki adamulowetsa paokha tripping pa wapadera ophimba ndalezo.

automation

Transport mumphangayo ndi dongosolo zovuta, zida ndi machitidwe ndandanda, asilikali oteteza omwe amalamulira zipangizo. Pa nsonga ya m'ngalande Tambasula kotunga mizere ndi mkulu DC voteji a 825 volts. Ndisonyezeni chofunika mtengo wa yapadera kum'mwera siteshoni, inali pansi pa nthaka.

The ophimba kutsogolera 4 yatenganso 150 kW galimoto. Mabuleki aliyense galimoto kuthamanga pa pneumatics ndi galimoto magetsi. dongosolo zokha amapereka yachibadwa sitima magalimoto ndi kubwerezabwereza imeneyi ya mphindi 1,75. Liwiro lililonse sitima Akuti liwiro pafupifupi makilomita 40 pa ola limodzi. The pazipita zotheka aliyense galimoto 75 Km paola. sitima zamakono angatsatire mofulumira kwambiri, koma pamafunika kumanga latsopano mzere kuyenda.

Mungasankhe njira modernize

Zokulitsa mphamvu ntchito mwa ngalandezi amafuna kuwayang'anira nthaŵi zonse ndi kumalizitsa mkati. Iwo ukugwira mabungwe zatulutsidwa agwira kuchititsa ntchito imeneyi. Pakuti ichi, kulimbitsa ndi anawasema ndi ngalande onyamula mbali.

Kuwonjezera madzi kulimbikira maziko ndi kumalizitsa zipangizo. Kuchotsa anasonkhanitsa chinyezi mu m'matangadza wamba. Kusintha makhalidwe a nthaka pafupi. M'malo mbali ankavala a analimbitsa simenti. Chifukwa chaichi jekeseni wa njira kuti patsekeke utakhazikitsidwa, zatsopano zipangizo kumatira, ndi chinyezi-umboni ❖ kuyanika.

ulamuliro boma

Pofuna kupewa ngozi nthawi zonse kuyan'anila komiti kuti akhoza yake kudziwa voids mu anawasema ndi ming'alu m'madera katundu zobala makoma amenewa ndi maziko. zochitika zaposachedwapa zipangizo thandizo kudziwa zing'onozing'ono njira koyamba konkire, mbali zitsulo.

Pakuti arches ngalande n'kofunika kuti asiye kuchotsa nthaka yophimba lakunja mpanda khoma. Kuthetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha njira ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito jekeseni. Wandiweyani madzi zikuchokera jekeseni mu danga anapanga, kusintha katundu wa nthaka. Imodzi, ndi pamalo lamkati la processing anatenga zinthu vlagozaderzhivayuschimi.