Yuro 2 injini KamAZ: makhalidwe, nkotheka malfunctions

Kama galimoto Bzalani anakhazikitsidwa mu 1976. Mu zaka zoyambilira za zomera opangidwa zimagalimoto zochotsa ndi ku matani 8 mpaka 20. The Kamaz poyamba, yemwe ali pa mzere - ichi ndi chitsanzo 5320. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti injini anawapanga kuchokera zikande mwachindunji zida waukulu. Tiyeni tione pa injini KamAZ Yuro-2, mbali ntchito yake, kukonza, zolakwa zazikulu ndi njira zawo.

mwachidule

Ndimangofuna kudziwa kuti injini wotchuka ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi - TH 740. Pali zambiri zosintha, amene amasiyana pakati pawo nthawi zina yekha mfundo zachilengedwe European. Ife kuganizira 740 TH Yuro-2 engine.

N'zovuta kumbukira dzina la aliyense engine. Mwachitsanzo, ndi galimoto KamAz 740-210 (260) mwa ziziyenda imadziwika KamAz Yuro 2 (3,4), kumene manambala otsiriza amasonyeza voliyumu ya unit mphamvu. Ngati ndi kotheka, matebulo ndi specifications mungapeze injini ufulu yeniyeni muyezo European. Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tipitirire ndi kuyang'ana pa mfundo yakuti pa 740 TH Ice.

Ndi zothandiza kudziwa

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, 740-TH - ndi mtundu zofala za Motors. Mfundo yoyamba ya injini kuyaka mkati anali 740 V8. Motero, kalata V limasonyeza kuti zonenepa ndi anakonza mizere iwiri, ndi ngodya pakati pa iwo ndi madigiri zosakwana 90. Pali L woboola pakati Motors. Zonenepa kuno anaikidwa mizere iwiri, koma pa ngodya pafupi madigiri 90. Tikumbukenso kuti poyamba KamAz injini 740 (Yuro-2) anali ndi buku la 10.852 masentimita kiyubiki. Komanso, mphamvu ndi za 210 ndiyamphamvu. Angapo zosintha pambuyo pake anaonekera mphamvu osiyanasiyana kuchokera malita 180 kwa 360. a.

Inde, 740-TH sanali petulo ndi dizilo. Otchedwa anali gawo lonse la ubwino mwa ziziyenda "solarium". Mbali yaikulu ya amene asankhidwa potengera mtundu wa mafuta, - mtengo. Opaleshoni olimbana mkati kuyaka pa buku lalikulu la dizilo amapulumutsa ndalama chifukwa mowa zochepa. Komanso, prolongs moyo wa unit mphamvu chifukwa bwino kondomu. Pakuti oyamba, mtundu wa injini kuyaka mkati zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri, chifukwa ngakhale mphamvu pulagi si pano. Kutupa osakaniza ntchito ikuchitika ndi psinjika chiŵerengero mkulu. Ngati mafuta injini Vaz-2107 psinjika chiŵerengero wofanana 8, 740-TH - 17 mayunitsi.

A pang'ono za ubwino

Ngakhale kuti pali zosiyanasiyana malfunctions KAMAZ injini (Yuro 2), iye chimodzi cha odalirika kwambiri pakati zoweta. Komanso, si adyera komanso ali ndi kukula yaying'ono kwambiri. Okonza anakwanitsa kupeza "wokoma banga", omwe amaloledwa kukhala zina kamangidwe ka galimoto ndipo kenako kusintha izo.

Ndithudi, izo si zokoma zake zonse, chifukwa ali pano kulemera lonse:

• maintainability;
• Ice interchangeability mbali yaikulu;
• kugwilizana ndi mfundo za chilengedwe European;
• mokwanira bwino mphamvu;
• otsika mafuta.

Komanso, tiyenera kutchula mfundo ina yofunika - zosavuta kukonza kutentha boma ziro. Childs, injini dizilo ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti mu chisanu zovuta, koma KamAZ ali batire wamphamvu ndi galimoto sitata. Palinso wanthawi kuyaka mkati injini Kutentha dongosolo.

Engine kukonza KamAz Yuro 2

Monga tanenera kale pang'ono pamwamba, galimoto ndi okwanira yodalirika ndiponso zosavuta kusamalira. Komabe, mphamvu wagawo pa ntchito amakhala ndi katundu kwambiri. Ngati mulibe kutsatira kusintha procedural deadlines mafuta ndi zina ntchito yokonza, kukonzanso kwa zidzafunika posachedwapa, amene si kwambiri ndipo ndi wotsika mtengo.

Ngati mukufuna kukonza injini KamAZ Yuro-2 pamaso atapita nthawi chitsimikizo, lankhulani wogulitsa wanu. Ndi kwambiri osavomerezeka kukwera paokha ndi kumvetsa mphamvu unit. Zisindikizo kuti chisokoneze, ndi chitsimikizo kukonza anakana.

Nthawi zambiri mkati kuyaka injini zimafunika pambuyo atapita chitsimikizo cha. Pankhaniyi, kufunika kukonzanso ndi makina kumbali mtundu P-770. Zovuta pambuyo khazikitsa mbali latsopano, makamaka pachiyambi. Ogwira ali wokhoza kuchita khalidwe kukonza mkulu 740 TH, wokongola kwambiri. Koma si koyenera kuti zizichitidwa ndi zotchipa kwambiri, monga izi zingachititse kuti ndalama ngakhale zazikulu ndalama.

Engine dongosolo kuzirala KamAz Yuro 2

Apa zonse yosavuta kumva. Kachitidwe yozizira akuyendera mokulirapo monga galimoto ochiritsira, ngakhale kuti pali kusiyana. Choyamba, pano tili thermostats awiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa makhalidwe structural a galimoto ndi. Popeza kuti V8 ali mitu iwiri, choncho kuzirala akuyendera pa aliyense payekhapayekha. Chinthu china chosiyana - mawindo pa rediyeta lapansi. Mu nyengo yozizira, iwo atsekedwa, kuti amalola kuti msanga konzekera mphamvu unit. Mu nthawi ya chilimwe, iwo M'malo mwake, mutitsegulire kuzirala bwino unit mphamvu.

The zina zonse za dongosolo zachikhalidwe. Ndi chatsekedwa dera ndi kukakamizidwa makope coolant, mwachitsanzo zoletsa kuwuma kwa madzi mpope nozzles wakwera. Ambiri, dongosolo yozizira kawirikawiri amalephera. Ndi bwino kuti nthawi zina kusintha imodzi unsembe. KAMAZ makina Yuro 2 zofooka zake dongosolo yozizira:

• akulimbana a mipope mphira;
• Coolant adalowa injini;
• dongosolo kutenthedwa;
• hypothermia.

Akulimbana zambiri kumachitika chifukwa mphira otsika khalidwe. Chifukwa, malo nthawi zambiri anapanga zoletsa kuwuma kutayikira. Ngati mkati kuyaka injini kuti overheat, n'zotheka kuti aswe yamphamvu mutu gasket, zimene zinachitikira mitsinje, sakhoza kulowa mafuta zoletsa kuwuma. Mu kanthu kuti ubwino mu kukonzanso yaikulu. Overcooling kapena kutenthedwa kuti nthawi zambiri chifukwa ndi njira imodzi othinana.

A pang'ono yokonza

Chinthu choyamba chimene ine ndikanati - m'malo a coolant mu dongosolo. Ngati mafuta anasintha ambiri malamulo, ndiye palibe nthawi n'kudziphatika kwa deadlines. Mlengi amalimbikitsa kusintha zoletsa kuwuma zaka 3-5. Total dongosolo mphamvu - malita 25, mtundu wa coolant - zoletsa kuwuma A-40.

Izo analimbikitsanso musanadye ulendo onani mlingo wa coolant mu dongosolo. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mosavuta. Kuti tichite zimenezi, unscrew thanki kuwonjezeka faucet wodzipereka. Ngati mpopi kukapanda kuleka zoletsa kuwuma, mlingo wake ndi wabwinobwino, mukhoza kumangitsa, kuyamba injini ndi kuyendetsa. Chitetezo cha kuchepa, ndiye dinani madzimadzi sukupita. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika pamwamba ndi onani dongosolo la kuchucha, ngati pali kutayikira.

Kodi m'malo mafuta

Palibe zovuta zonse za njira ndi galimoto. Koma poyamba ndikufuna kunena mawu ochepa za msinkhu. Sewerolo akuonetsa musanadye ulendo onani mlingo. Ngati mafuta si kokwanira, choncho simungathe kupita, chifukwa avale mbali mikangano zingawonjezere kwambiri. Iwo m'pofunika pamwamba mmwamba lubricant ndipo patapita kuti apitirize kuyenda. Ngati wovulala zikachitika, ndiye palinso ayenera kubwerera mlingo mwakale. Izi zikhoza kutheka ndi chivindikiriro kuda pulagi mu sump lapansi.

Palokha, ndondomeko ndi motere:

• mkati kuyaka injini umafunda kwa kutentha opaleshoni;
• limaleka injini crankcase ndi unscrew ndi pakamwapo;
• kusintha Zosefera;
• zofunika kusambitsana centrifugal ozungulira lubricant woyera;
• mudzaze ndi mafuta mpaka chilemba "B" pa dipstick ya;
• Timayamba injini ndi kuupereka kuthamanga mphindi 5 pa XX.
• deafen ndipo fufuzani mlingo apitirira ngati zofunika.

Zovuta Basic

The injini latsopano ndi Yuro 2 KamAZ sangathe kulephera. Nthawi zambiri amapita kwa kukonzanso kwa dongosolo la makilomita 1 miliyoni, ndi chisamaliro chifukwa. Zochita mphamvu wagawo akuthamanga dongosolo la udzakwaniritsidwa ang'onoang'ono. .. Ichi ndi chifukwa mbali otsika kwambiri yopuma kuti, kulephera kutsatira mfundo za m'malo a madzimadzi mu dongosolo yozizira, mafuta etc. Poganizira mavuto ambiri, m'pofunika kusiyanitsa izi mwa awa:

• Kuchepa kwa kuthamanga mafuta mu dongosolo. Chifukwa ambiri ndi mafuta mpope kapena avale oyika. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti kutenthedwa wa madzimadzi lubricating zingachititse imfa. Choncho, choyamba onani kuthamanga kuchepetsa valavu.
• Kuchuluka mafuta. mwakale akuti ndi a dongosolo la malita 35-40 ya dizilo, ngakhale mu pasipoti kuti galimoto anena chinthu china chosiyana kwambiri. Ndalama woyenera m'tawuni kuonjezera ndi 8%, ngati pali ngolo, ndiye kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mowa ukuwonjezeka chifukwa ntchito mafuta kapena yatsekera fyuluta zinthu.

Ngakhale dongosolo wapamwamba ndi odziwika kuzirala, nthawi zambiri vuto zimachitika. Ndi chifukwa cha vuto la mfundo iliyonse ukagwira galimoto, tingayambe kukonza yaikulu. Kasamalidwe bwino kuyamba ndi mlingo wa zoletsa kuwuma, thermostats ntchito.

ntchito wosakhazikika, phokoso la utsi

Ngati mphamvu wagawo vibrates, ndipo mukhoza kutenthetsa kapena injini ozizira, kusakhala ndi chochita kapena pansi pa katundu, ndiye kufunika onani machitidwe angapo. Choyamba, kulephera angathe mavavu kuthamanga akuchita mpaka mpope kapena injector. Ngati pamaso izi zinachitika kuchotsa crankshaft, zikuoneka vuto ndi kugwirizanitsa wake.

Chifukwa ambiri a mafuta njala ndi kugogoda engine. Izo zikhoza kuchitika osati chifukwa cha kuchuluka osakwanira wa lubricant mu dongosolo, komanso chifukwa cha khalidwe osauka lubricant. Pankhaniyi, zambiri othinana crankshaft ndi cranks liners. Koma utsi, nthawi zambiri zikuoneka chifukwa wosweka yamphamvu mutu gasket. Utsi woyera boma ziro kutentha pa Ice ozizira - yachibadwa. Nthawi zambiri, injini KamAZ Yuro-2, chithunzi inu mukhoza kuwona, amafuna m'malo zonse za mlengalenga fyuluta. Ngati yatsekera, mungaone utsi wakuda.

Zilibe kuyamba ndi makola

Ngati simungathe kuyamba Yuro-2 injini KamAZ 740, zifukwa amakhala angapo. Choyamba, otsika mafuta ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi m'menemo. Komanso, kutayikira zotheka kwa mafuta, nchifukwa chake dongosolo amakoka mpweya.

Ngati galimoto akadali anatha kukhala, koma kenako makola, onani mkhalidwe wa mafuta ndi mlingo wake, n'zotheka kuti mu dizilo madzi ambiri, chifukwa izi si mu psinjika poyatsira amapezeka.

"Zhor" mafuta ndi chochita

Takambirana kale pang'ono galimoto wagawo Kamaz Yuro-2, ndipo, ngati inu mwina mwaona, izi wagawo mphamvu ali ndi mavuto ambiri. Koma, ngakhale, iye ankaona kuti mokwanira odalirika. Ayenera kukhala wokhoza mu nthawi kudziwa vuto, ndiye tikhonza kuchita kukonza yaing'ono.

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zimenezi - kuchuluka mowa lubricant. KamAZ makamaka mafuta anapulumuka kupyolera zisindikizo leaky ndi gaskets. Chomvetsa pamene lubricant ndi mwauchidakwa combusted m'chipinda. Izi zikusonyeza kochulukira avale wa mphete mafuta ndi mavuto ena. Pankhaniyi m'pofunika kuchotsa galimoto wagawo KamAz Yuro 2 ndi likulu lake.

kuti adzimvera

Pali mavuto wamba amene chibadidwe galimoto imeneyi. Ngakhale kuti sitingathe kunena kuti 740-TH ndi mawanga zilonda. Awa ndi mavuto mmene zimachitika osati pa chitsanzo ichi, komanso ena ambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, injini, amene okonzeka ndi particulate fyuluta - ndi Converter othandizira, mokwanira amphamvu ndi mkulu-makokedwe. Mphamvu unit ndi kukonza yake ndi yosalekerera ntchito mode amatha kuthamanga kwambiri. Mu nkhani iyi, sikutanthauza yokonza mtengo. Ndikofunikira mu nthawi kusintha Zosefera, mafuta, madzi ena ndi consumables. Ngakhale vuto lililonse limapezeka, izo mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta kuchotsedwa ngati zilibe kukhudza pisitoni wa gulu engine. Ngakhale kuti TH 740 wakhala anayamba kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi zosintha ake ntchito panopa.