Gawo la 16 GOST 8240-97

Njirayi ndi chipangizo chamakono chogwedeza ndi mbiri yofanana ndi kalata P. Iyo imapangidwa m'njira ziwiri: ndi kuzizira ndi kutentha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana: m'makampani ndi zomangamanga, zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga.

Gawo la 16 GOST 8240-97

Msewu wotsekedwa wotentha wa mndandandawu umapangidwa pa makina apadera pa kutentha kwakukulu. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti azigwira bwino ntchito.

Chogwirira ntchitochi chimakhala ndi khoma ndi masamu awiri. Zinthu izi zimagwirizana kwambiri pambali pambali. Kusinthidwa kwa masamulo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• Njira 16P, yomwe mbali zonse za alamulo zikufanana, popanda mtunda;
• 16U, yomwe ili ndi mtunda wa nkhope; Malingaliro angakhale osiyana, koma osapitirira 4% -10%.
• Njira yothandizira, yomwe ikuyang'anizana kapena yofanana (16аП), kapena ili pansi pa mtunda (16аУ).

Chingwe cha R (kukangamira kwazing'ono mkati mwa nkhope zakuya) chili ndi kukula kwa 8.5 mm. Kuzungulira kwa flange (r) ndi 3.5 mm kwa njira yomwe ili ndi mtunda. Zogulitsa ndi mapepala ofanana, chiwerengerochi ndi 5.0 mm.

Kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwake

Msewu 16 uli ndi kutalika kwake ndi m'lifupi.

• Kutalika h, kusonyeza mtunda pakati pa masamulo, ndi 16 cm.
• Kuphatikiza kwa flange pamphepete kunja, kutchulidwa ndi b, kukhoza kukhala 64 mm kapena 68 mm.

Kulemera kwa kanjira 16

Mogwirizana ndi GOST, njira 16 imakhala yolemera. Mtengo uwu wa kupanga kwenikweni ukhoza kupitirira 6 peresenti pa mankhwala ndi 4.5% - pamtanda. Zolemera zenizeni zimatsimikiziridwa poyeza maselo amodzi kapena zolemba zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa kasitomala.

Marko 16P:

• Mphamvu 16 ya mamita 1 ili ndi 14.22 kg;
• Mu tani imodzi ya mankhwala - 70.32 m.

Marko 16U:

• Mphamvu 16 ya mamita 1 ili ndi 14.23 kg;
• Mu tani imodzi ya mankhwala - 70.30 m.

Mtsinje wa 1 wa E (ndalama) - 14.01 makilogalamu, L (kuwala) - 7.10 makilogalamu.

Kalasi и и Λ

Zokambirana zachuma (E) ndi zowala (L) zimasiyana mozungulira makoma, zomwe ziri ndi zochepa kusiyana ndi mtengo wapatali. Marko 16P ali ndi magawo otsatirawa:

• Economical - khoma - 4.7 mm, pa shelefu - 8.4 mm;
• Kuwala - khoma - 3,4 mm, palafuti - 5,3 mm.

Kuchokera mu chikhalidwe ichi kuti kulemera kwathunthu ndi kulemera kwake kwa mamita 1 a matabwa, kuchuluka, malonda ndi malonda ambiri kumadalira. Choncho, makhalidwe: mphamvu, kukana kutsitsa, kuuma. Kuchokera ku zizindikirozi kumadalira kukhazikika kwa matabwa, kukula kwake, kudalirika ndi khalidwe la zomangamanga.

Zopindulitsa zazikulu

• Njira 16 ili ndi mphamvu zoposa.
• Zimagonjetsedwa ndi katundu wolemetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kumanga nyumba ndi zomangamanga m'madera ozungulira nyanja.
• Zochepa zolemera zogulitsa.
• Zosangalatsa zowonjezera.

Ntchito

Chojambulachi chogwiritsidwa ntchito chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera bata ndi kudalirika kwa nyumba zosiyana. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zamphamvu ndi zowonongeka, katunduyo amatha kupirira katundu waukulu wothandizira. Ndizimene zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito nkhaniyi pafupifupi pafupifupi mitundu yonse yomangamanga, yomanga milatho, zomangira nsalu, zitsulo zamkuwa, zothandizira.

Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati matabwa, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo, pamene njira 16 imachepetseratu kulemera kwake kwazitsulo ndikuchotsa nkhawa za zinthu zazikuluzikulu. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake ndi kasinthidwe bwino, mfundozo zingakhale zothandizira kulengeza zamalonda, zomwe zimadutsa pamadoko. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomanga nyumba zamakono zamakono zamakono.

Chida 16: Mtengo

Mtengo wazinthu umadalira magawo monga:

• Mtundu wa mankhwala;
• Chitsulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito;
• Kutalika kwa kanjira;
• Kulemera kwa katundu;
• Zinthu ndi njira yobweretsera.

Mtengo wa katundu wambiri umadalira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili mu tani imodzi, ndipo zotsalazo (mtengo wocheperapo ulipo pafupifupi zonse).

Njira yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndiyo njira yowonjezera, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zogwiritsira ntchito. Chinthu chofunika chomwe chikukhudzitsa mtengo ndizoyendetsedwe ka dongosolo. Kugulitsidwa kwa maere ambiri kumachitika pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri.

Avereji mtengo wa mankhwala:

• Chida cha 16 ndi mapulitsi ofanana 9 mamita - kuchokera 29800 rubles pa tononi; Mamita 12 - kuchokera pa rubanda 26680 pa tononi;
• Mitengo yomwe ili pamtunda wa makoma amkati a masamu 12 mamita - kuchokera pa rubanda 23,400 pa ton, mamita 9 - kuchokera pa rubanda 24,400 pa ton.
• Mtsinje wa 1 m / s wotentha ndi wotalika mamita 12 - kuchokera pa 615 rubles.

Tinafufuza momwe msewu uliri, kumene umagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Tikukhulupirira kuti mfundozo zinali zothandiza kwa inu.