Zakuthupi pakati mbiri

Mu zaka za m'ma 19, ndi zatsopano chiphunzitso nthanthi analenga Karlom Marksom ndipo analandiranso dzina la "Marxism." Mfundo yaikulu ya chiphunzitso kutanthauziridwa mosiyana ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a ndale ndi zipani.

Kwa nthawi yaitali, Marxism anali malingaliro kutsogolera Soviet Union ndi kumatanthauza maganizo a anthu mamiliyoni ambiri.

The zakuthupi pakati mbiri, ngati nzeru lonse la Marx, zochokera maganizo kumvetsa dziko chuma, zomwe ndi dziko - nkhaniyi ndi malamulo zimayendera ake.

Kuyambira mfundo imeneyi amaona njira zakale ndi imakhudzira miyoyo ya anthu.

Monga mbali ya njira zake, Marx ananena kuti mkhalidwe waukulu kudziwa zambiri za ndondomeko mbiri ya ulimi wa katundu. The lingaliro lalikulu limene nzeru Karla Marksa wamangidwa, kuphatikizapo lingaliro ake a mbiri, ndi mfundo yakuti anthu wonse amalenga zinthu zakale kwambiri, ndiwo gwero la chitukuko. No zinthu zina, kuphatikizapo malo makamaka m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso nyengo, sangakhale chifukwa cha chitukuko mbiri ya anthu.

A mbali yaikulu chitukuko cha mphamvu lokhalamo anthu, Marx anapatsidwa.

Pakati zakuthupi za mbiri zachokera chakuti munthu, malinga ndi mmene Marx, ali ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso kusinthika, kukhala njira zatsopano zosowa zawo.

wokhalapo Social, malinga Marx, ndi weniweni yekhayo moyo wa munthu. Pa mtima za cikhalidwe ndi asapita zachuma. Man, ku mfundo imeneyi, izo ophatikizapo asapita chikhalidwe. Iwo maziko a mapangidwe anthu ndi chikumbumtima payekha.

N'chifukwa chake chitukuko anthu kumvetsetsa mbiri chifukwa kulimba kwa zotsutsana. The kalasi kulimbana ndi injini yeniyeni zimatsogolera chitukuko.

Mu njira ya chitukuko mbiri, Marx chimasiyanitsa nthawi zingapo (kapena dongosolo), zochokera maganizo mlingo wa chitukuko cha mphamvu zipatso, amene akukhala patsogolo kwambiri kuposa asapita kupanga, potero kupangitsa ulimi, ndipo pali kusintha formations.

Marx anaona ulimi chikominisi monga njira yomenyera sukulu ndi gawo lina la moyo wa munthu.

Marxism mu chuma ndi kulipira mwapadera mbiri ya njira ya ulimi. Imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri nzeru za Marx ndi lingaliro la mphamvu zipatso. Amasankha ubwenzi wa munthu ndi chilengedwe, kwa anthu onse, ndipo ndi gwero chitukuko.

Mphamvu lokhalamo lililonse mapangidwe ndi katundu watsopano. Ndiyeno kapolo isiyana serf ndi, ndipo ntchito malipiro kwa anthu a wantchito zokomera.

Pa kupanga anthu kulowa wapadera ubale kuti amaonetsera enawo ndipo chifukwa cha vutoli, zikubweretsa kusintha mlingo lotsatira.

Choncho, pakati zakuthupi za mbiri inachokera pa mfundo monga asapita kupanga ndi mphamvu zipatso. Marx, mosiyana idealists ndi, anaona nkhani pa maziko a maziko a zachuma a anthu, anthu atsopano kufufuza yabwino ndi yopindulitsa njira zosowazo.

nzeru Marx ndi yaikulu ndi yabwino dongosolo la sayansi za ndale, chuma ndi anthu. Pakati zakuthupi za mbiri ndi pa nthawi ino ndi yovuta kwa chidziwitso cha chitukuko mbiri, popeza pali maganizo ochepa kuti zikhoza kukhala monga zambiri ndi bwino kufotokoza kalekale.

The nzeru za Marx - dongosolo kwathunthu, amene makamaka anatsimikiza ndi chitukuko cha dziko lathu ndi zinthu zake ziliri pa dziko.