Zomera ndi nyama ya m'dera Chelyabinsk: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera. The Red Book wa dera Chelyabinsk

Chelyabinsk Oblast lili Urals kum'mwera kumalire a mayiko awiri - Asia ndi Ulaya, pakati pa yaikulu Eurasian Africa. Mwachibadwa, apa chokhala ndi nyengo, ndi nyengo yaitali ozizira (pafupifupi January kutentha - 17-18 ° C) ndi yotenthera amtengo ofunda (pafupifupi mtengo July - 16-19 madigiri). nyengo zimakhudza mapiri a Ural, ndi kuchuluka kwa nyanja ndi mitsinje.

Atatu zachilengedwe zone m'dera

Zomera ndi nyama ya m'dera Chelyabinsk, chiwerengero ndi mitundu mu mawonekedwe amene alipo lero, chifukwa malo m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso kukula kwa deralo.

Chikhalidwe cha dera Chelyabinsk ukufanizidwa ndi mabacteria atatu - phiri nkhalango steppe. Zinyama ndi zomera anayikidwa malinga ndi madera awo achilengedwe. Nayonso, deciduous ndi nkhalango wosanganiza, komanso zomera wawo, yomwe ili mu zone phiri nkhalango, mitundu ina zimapezeka malo awo achilengedwe - m'chipululu ndi zigwa za South mitsinje Ural. thumba nkhalango ali okwana 2.5 miliyoni. Ha, kapena oposa 25% za gawolo. Kumpoto kwa dera kukula nkhalango Aspen-birch ndi paini, chigawo chapakati ndi wotanganidwa ndi m'nkhalango steppe, ndipo kum'mwera umachokera pa forb udzu steppe.

Kusamalira chilengedwe

Nyama Chelyabinsk dera achuluka. Choncho, oposa 60 mitundu ya nyama moyo m'chigawochi. Pambali, pali mitundu 300 ya mbalame (80% a iwo kukaikira mazira) ndi mitundu 60 ya nsomba. m'dera anali oposa 20 mitundu ya achule ndi zokwawa. Nkhani imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa ambiri olemera latsopano la Russia. Patsogolo m'dera lino kungasokoneze zomera ozungulira ndi zomera, ndi mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera kutchulidwa Red Book. Koma mwina chifukwa chakhumi cha gawo lawo kumuteteza ndiponso m'dera la mahekitala 1000 zili nkhokwe ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe, malo zinyama ndi kusaka botanical, zinyama Chelyabinsk dera chingazime. The wamkulu ndi wotchuka ndi Ilmen State Reserve, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1920. Malo ndi mahekitala 30,3 zikwi.

Zilombo zolusa komanso zokhala-hoofed

Nyama Chelyabinsk dera umaimiridwa ndi mitundu zotsatirazi. Ogwirira kumuwombera akupezekanso kuno kwa mphaka banja, martens, zimbalangondo ndi agalu. Makamaka zambiri akuluakulu a banja weasel - zimapezeka mu akatumbu ndi otter. Akumana ermine ndi mizati, marten ndi weasel, American, mink European ndi Siberia ndi steppe polecat. Mabanja otsala ankaimira ogwirira trot bulauni chimbalangondo, nkhandwe, nkhandwe steppe ndi raccoon galu. Ku dongosolo la ogawika-hoofed nyama zikupezekera nswala Siberia, mabanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphalapala ndi Boar zakutchire.

m'dera Wildlife

Monga tanenera kale, ziweto za dera Chelyabinsk achuluka kwambiri. Choncho, pali zimbalangondo m'dera la 500-600 mutu, ndi amphaka - 150-200, nkhumba - zolinga 1500-2000.

Kuwonjezera ambiri zolengedwa zoyamwitsa rodent, ndi lagomorphs, insectivores ndi zibonga. Makamaka bwino zinkayimira banja shrew (zimadya) ndi Khomyakova (makoswe).

zatsala pang'ono kutha

Nyama ya m'dera Chelyabinsk (zithunzi ndi kufotokoza onani m'munsimu), monga muskrat Russian, alonjezedwa ikutha. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti m'zaka za m'ma XIX izo kupsa kwathunthu mu malo a nyama. Ndiye mukamva za msonkhano naye wasowa palimodzi. Mu 50s Mu zaka zapitazo, ntchito inayambika ake kukonzanso acclimatization. Pakali pano, chiwerengero m'munda sakudziwika. mtundu kawirikawiri za banja la Mfuko, limene likutchedwa hohuley, anaonjezera Red Book wa dera Chelyabinsk. Nyama, ngati muskrat Russian kapena mtsinje otter, mphanga m'mphepete mwa yaing'ono nyanja, oxbow nyanja, mitsinje ndi wosakwiya panopa. Pagombe ayenera kukhala phompho ndi atachuluka zomera komanso oyenera kukumba maenje, khomo amene nthawi zonse pansi pa madzi. mosungiramo kuya sayenera upambana mamita 3. Ugwire amenewa, mollusks ndi tizilombo zosiyanasiyana. The zinyalala Desman Russian kwa pups 1 mpaka 5, koma kawirikawiri 2-3.

zomera zakupha za dera Chelyabinsk

M'dera pali pafupifupi 50 mitundu ya zomera chakupha. kuopsa kwa anthu ndi nyama chifukwa chakuti muli glycosides ndi alkaloids, komanso mankhwala zovuta mu mawonekedwe a madzi ndi resins mkaka.

Belém wakuda. Iwo akhoza kukula mu malo osiyana: m'minda, pa malo wopanda, roadsides. Iwo ali mbewu chakupha ndi masamba, imene woipa mkulu lili hyoscyamine ndipo scopolamine. alkaloids izi zimawononga mphamvu pa wamanjenje dongosolo.
Hemlock. Wodzichepetsa ndi kukula kulikonse. Chomera lonse chakupha. Wa alkaloids, ndi coniine ambiri apeza kuti chifukwa poyizoni kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zotsatira amapha.

Yachitika chakupha. Kumachitika mu madambo. katundu chakupha chifukwa tsikutotoksina okhutira.

Kodi Red Book ndi chifukwa chake anafunika

N'chifukwa chiyani oimira nyama ndi zomera zinalembedwa m'buku ili, chifukwa si lamulo pa chitetezo cha chibadwa? Iye basi akumusokoneza mtundu wake imatiuza anthu mitundu pangozi. Bukhu ndi chivundikiro wofiira, wapangidwa masamba Mipikisano wachikuda. Pa masamba wakuda maina kutchulidwa mitundu mbisoweka muyaya. Pa masamba a maina wofiira n'zochepa ndi pangozi mitundu (njati, wofiira nkhandwe, etc.). Mu tsamba chikasu, mungaphunzire za mitundu, chiwerengero cha zomwe yafupika msanga (zimbalangondo, pinki mphama). Nyama ndi zomera za Red Book wa dera Chelyabinsk, monga madera ena, ili mu masamba woyera, ndi zamoyo kuti m'chilengedwe wakhala si kwambiri. Wamng'ono kudziwika mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera kuti tiri mu malo kufikako zili mu masamba imvi. Pali buku, ndi masamba obiriwira. Iwo ali mndandanda wa nyama kuti munthu wapulumutsidwa chithe, monga mphalapala ndi Beaver.

nthawi zonse kusintha buku

mitundu yambiri ya mileme ndi pafupi kutha, osati kokha. yaikulu kwambiri Red Book wa dera Chelyabinsk. Nyama zokodwa izo, ndi nyama ndi mbalame, nyama zokwawa, ndi achule, nsomba, tizilombo mollusks. Lowani ngati zomera ndi bowa.

Mphalapala ndi Beaver - nyama ankaikira dera Chelyabinsk. Koma iwo nthawi mu Red Book. Data mu kusintha nthawi zonse, poyamba, chifukwa sayansi alibe kuima, ndi latsopano mudziwe sankadziwika, ndipo mayina a mitundu ina ya nyama ndi zomera kusintha pa tsamba mtundu umodzi pa tsamba la wina Mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani ya kuchepa lakuthwa anthu, kapena mosinthanitsa.

Monga taonera, m'chigawo pali mabacteria zitatu zachilengedwe. N'zokayikitsa kuti ambiri mitundu ya zomera pa malo otsetsereka a Urals Southern, ngati mu Red Book wa dera Chelyabinsk anapanga mitundu 377 ya zomera, ndi magazini atsopano, amene inafalitsidwa mu December 2015, chiwerengero chawo chinawonjezeka.

zomera wapadera

Kumpoto kwa mtsinje Uy kukula paini, Aspen ndi birch. Herbage-nthenga udzu steppes ya mtsinjewu pansipa. Apa kukula mitundu ngati osowa chitetezo monga kakombo-Sarankov ndi Siberia phlox. dzina wokongola kwambiri kwa mitundu amenewa kawirikawiri ngati lapansi European ndi Altai anemone. Mwachitsanzo, ndipo ngati mitundu pangozi monga Lyubka sheeted, cloves iglolistaya, slipper lachidona, ndi mazana a ena.

Ankafunika thandizo kwa obereketsa

Webusaiti otchuka ndi ufulu wachinsinsi malonda - ndi "Avito". Nyama (Chelyabinsk dera) awa akuimira pa izo lalikulu zedi. Koposa zonse amapereka zogulitsa agalu, amphaka, akalulu, mbalame ndi katundu iwo. Ndi malo aliyense kusankha Pet.

Chisankho chiri chachikulu - kukhala bwino, m'pofunika amathera nthawi zina. Pa malo inu mukhoza kukambirana kugula nyama osati zoweta komanso munda.