Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe: A History Mwachidule

Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe, umene unachitika ku 1668 kuti 1676 ndi kutali chimodzi cha zochitika mochititsa chidwi kwambiri mbiri Russian. kugalukira The unapangidwa bungwe ndi ansembe amene anakana zaluso za kholo Nikon.

Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe: Zoyambitsa

Choyamba ndi Dziwani kuti obisika Solovetsky m'zaka za m'ma 17, anakhala asilikali malo ofunika mogwirizana ndi Chirasha Swedish nkhondo. Ndipotu, kumanga bwino yamalinga, amene amathandiza kuteteza dziko lapansi ankhondowo adani. Komanso, munthu aliyense amene ankakhala obisika kapena pambali pake, linali ndi zida ndipo ophunzitsidwa bwino kudziteteza kwa adani. Mwa njira, pa nthawi imeneyo unali ndi anthu a anthu 425. Ngati ozungulira mzindawo ndi Swedish asilikali obisika sitolo yaikulu m'matangadza chakudya.

Woyamba anapangitsa kusakhutira atsogoleri achipembedzo kusintha kwa mabishopu, Nikon, amene ankatsutsa Okhulupirira Old. Mu 1636, a Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa anagwidwa ukapolo ndi mtanda wonse wa watsopano, kudzudzulidwa mogwirizana ndi kusintha mabuku pa kulambira. Koma Chimonko, popanda ngakhale kuyang'ana pa mabuku mu makungwa a losindikizidwa nayitana yosungirako mu zankhondo. Ichi chinali chikondi choyamba wosakhutira ndi akuluakulu a komiti.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti chiyambi cha m'ma 17 anali limodzi ndi zonse misa zipolowe zoukira boma ndi zaluso. Imeneyi inali nthawi yovuta pamene ngakhale kusintha zing'onozing'ono angathe kupanduka weniweni. Ndipo Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe anali nazonso malamulo ambiri. Olemba mbiri ena akhala akuyesetsa kupanduka ansembe monga kukana atsogoleri mbuli ndi otsatira a chikhulupiriro akale.

Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe ndi kumenyana

Ndipotu, ndi Satana sanali kokha agulupa ya agulupa Solovetsky. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi asilikali kumene wamba amakhumudwa ndi otsatira Stepana Razina. Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsa kugalukira kale anagula ena tanthauzo ndale.

Dziwani kuti zaka zingapo choyamba, pafupifupi popanda ndeu anatengedwa. Mfumu zoyembekezeredwa njira mwamtendere chotero nkhani yovuta. Mwachitsanzo, asilikali m'boma kusamukira ku Islands Solovetsky m'chilimwe yekha. Miyezi ingapo iwo anayesa, ngakhale anavutika, kuti ndigwire kulankhulana wa Chimonko wotsutsayo Chile. Atangomva patsogolo ozizira asilikali anasamukira ku Sumy ndende. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ambiri oponya mivi amangoyang'ana maluwa kunyumba. Zimenezi mtendere anali anakhalabe mpaka 1674.

Izo zinali mu 1674, boma anapeza kuti kunja obisika a pamalo Kozhevnikov, Sarafanov Razin ndi abale ena m'manja. Popeza anayamba kuukira awa, omwe limodzi ndi nsembe. Boma walola yogwira ntchito ya usilikali, kuphatikizapo shelling mpanda wa agulupa lapansi.

Ndipo mu December 1675 amonke anaganiza salinso kupemphera mfumu. Izi "luso" si ankakonda opanduka onse, kotero ena a iwo kuti nthawi m'ndende obisika.

Solovetsky ansembe yotchedwa Zipolowe: zotsatira

Ngakhale zonse, yosayima atazunguliridwa ndi shelling wa kumakutherani, asilikali aboma amene sanali kusamalira kudutsa mpanda wa agulupa lapansi. Mu January 1677 opandukawo anasiya Chernets Feoktist, amene anapita mwamsanga asilikali a mfumu. Ndipo Iye anauza momwe zimalowa obisika a.

Usiku, woyamba wa February makumi asanu streltsi mofewa mkatikati mwa yaing'ono chinsinsi kutsegula (zenera zogwiritsa ntchito madzi) mu kuyanika m'chipinda kunyumba. Kenako, asilikali anatsegula zipata ndi aloleni ena a asilikali.

Mu bwalo 30 opandukawo anali kuyesera kubweza kumuukira, koma sizinathandize - nkhondo wosiyana. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti lero mwa mpanda wa agulupa ya agulupa pafupifupi wapita - ena a iwo anasiya nyumba popanda chilolezo, pamene ena anathamangitsidwa. ansembe ena akhala ali m'ndende ku obisika - iwo anamasulidwa ku ufulu, asilikali a boma.

Choncho Solovetskoe kugalukira ndinayima. Chifukwa, izo zakhala anaphedwa za 30 opandukawo, pamene ena anali kundende.