Bell - ndi chiyani ichi? zombo belu

Kodi inu kuyankha funso umene umabweretsa pamodzi belu m'ngalawamo, akale squire asilikali olondera mfumu, mtsinje pa za Kola Peninsula ndi Bay mu Primorsky Krai? Mwina ayi. Common onse mfundo izi ndi dzina - belo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa milandu kumene Chirasha ngati nauni kungakhale dzina lenileni ndi wamba chachikazi. Tiyeni tipeze tanthawuzo la liwu, kodi ndi zinaoneka mu chinenero chathu.

Origin mawu

palibe unanimity monga chiyambi cha mawu akuti "belu" mwa akatswiri a zinenero. Anthu ena amanena kuti izo zinachitika pa Chisilavo Chakale "ryndat" - ". Kugwedeza" akatswiri a zinenero zina amanena kuti mwina anaitenga ku chinenero akale German, ndi belu - kusinthidwa kuwomba mawu ridder - «Knight».

kungoganizira wina zikusonyeza kuti mawu akuti "belu" wadutsa mu chinenero cha Chirasha ku English. Kuphunzira ku British seamanship Russian oyendetsa anamanganso timu mphete belu mu kwambiri bwino ndiponso yosavuta kulankhula - ". Belu kugunda"

Koma tiyeni tisiye mbiri yakale komanso philologists mkangano pa etymology, ndipo adzalandira kudziwa kuti kodi tanthauzo la mawu akuti "belu", imene zoterezi ntchito.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi wamkulu tanthauzo la m'mbiri.

yachifumu ankalimbikitsa

Lero, belu ankatchedwa omulondera a kalonga squires nyengo chisanadze Petrine, ankadziwika kwambiri akatswiri ndikuwerenga mbiriyakale Russian XVI-XVII zaka. Likukhalira belu - udindo bwalo, chimene chingalowe azimwa anyamata ochokera ku mabanja olemera ndi otchuka. Ntchito yawo yaikulu inali kuthandiza ndi kuteteza wolamulira pa nthawi kuyenda ndi maulendo osiyanasiyana. Pa phwando zofunika pa nyumba imene anamanga mbali ya mwini wachifumu. Rynda nthawi zonse ankavala zovala anzeru ndi zida nkhwangwa lolemera, nyundo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, positi linathetsedwa.

Mu chinenero chamakono Russian mawu "belu" m'lingaliro "msilikali" kapena "squire" si ntchito ndi historicism.

makhalidwe yosiya

Lero, pamene iwo amati "belu sitima," iwo amatanthauza belu sitimayo, yomwe kuyambira nthawi ya Peter, aliyense chombo okonzeka. Anali nazonso, ndi sitima zankhondo.

Ndipotu, pamene izo zibwera pa malamulo onse, belu - si belu ndi phokoso ake, amene ndi kusonyeza chiyambi cha tsiku latsopano m'chombocho. Choncho kwa zaka zambiri ntchito dzina la ngalawa belu - belu - chasandulika mwambo.

Ngakhale kuti zombo zamakono zonse zili ndi zambiri zamakono machitidwe alamu, belu akadali ntchito monga mtsinje ndi m'madzi ntchito mavuto, mwachitsanzo pamene galimoto chifunga kapena pakutchulidwa a dzidzidzi pa bolodi.

Pamene iye anaonekera pa bulu Russian?

Mu nthawi ya Peter Ine, ndi mwachangu osauka Russian Navy ndi anaphunzitsidwa luso la alendo navigation Russian amalinyero, pamodzi ndi mawu atsopano, malamulo, nawonekera belu chombo malamulo. amalinyero Russian sitima, sitima yomwe ntchito gulu English "kumenya belu» (mphete belu), yotengekatengeka ake, osati kwenikweni kuganiza za tanthauzo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, osakhoza timu yachilendo chasanduka wamfupi - ". Belu kugunda"

ntchito zofunika

Bell-belu wachita yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa ngalawa, ndipo anatumikira osati kudziwa nthawi, komanso gulu kumanga deta kapena alamu, yang'anirani kukhalapo kwake mu mkuntho kapena chifunga. Komanso, oyendetsa amaona kuti ndi mtundu wa mascot m'chombo ndi kuteteza.

Ikani belu pa uta la chombo, ndipo ili ndi dzina la chotengeracho. Kuti tipeze nthawi ya amalinyero 'kugunda botolo "aliyense theka la ora. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti pamaso zombo tabadwa ndi hourglass ndi imeneyi pazipita mphindi 30. yapamadzi Special inamva pamene pamaphulikaphulika ndi mchenga kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi mbale, anatembenuka koloko ndipo mabotolo kumenya. Sitima hayala imalongosola momveka bwino mmene mabotolo ambiri muli kumenya ngati Bulu tsiku lagawidwa nthaŵi anayi, omwe kha amodzi chiwerengero cha kumenyedwa. Choncho, pa 12 koloko, ndiko masana, anagunda katatu.

Kwa oyendetsa belu - si osati kwambiri chida chizindikiro. Kawirikawiri ndi mascot kumbali akunja amene, monga tatchulazi, ndi dzina sitimayo.

zizindikiro m'madzi

Oyendetsa - anthu malodza, ndipo ndi chizindikiro ofunika a chombo belu ndi, chikugwirizana ndi zambiri zizindikiro zina kuti tsopano akukhulupirira:

• Ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro amakezana, anafika ngakhale ndi ngalawa, akukhulupirira kuti kumveka amphamvu a belu sitima sitima Amachepetsa ovuta mphepo ikubwera nyanja ndi kuchotsa mdierekezi.
• Ngati pazifukwa zina chombo amasintha dzina lake, belu akanali yemweyo, ndi dzina lakale.
• Kukachitika kuti sitimayo anali ndi mwana, nthawi zambiri mtanda kapena phokoso la belu sitima sitima, ndi zina palokha.
• Pamene sitimayo belu mumafuna muziyamba kuchapa mng'alu kapena popanda chifukwa, oyendetsa akuyembekezera mtundu wina wa vuto ndi mavuto.
• Aliyense amene amaba kapena kuwonongeka kwa belu sitima, pa yekha adzakulitsidwa vuto.
• Kumva kulira belu sitimayo olowa chombo - kuti mayesero aakulu kapena imfa.

maina Hrs

Koma popanda mbiri ndi apanyanja tanthauzo, ndi belu ntchito maina malo. Map Russia ali Rynda Bay pachilumba cha Russian mu Primorsky Gawo ndi mtsinje ndi dzina lomweli pa Kola Peninsula. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina la mtsinje, zikuoneka amachokera wakale Russian "ryndat" kwambiri "kugwedezeka", koma Bay nalo dzina lake polemekeza Russian corvette bronepalubnogo "Rynda", akuyandama mu Pacific Ocean m'zaka za m'ma XIX.

Rynda Mtsinje lili kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Kola Peninsula ndi imaphwera m'Nyanja Barents.

Kwa mtsinje uwu ndi wokangalika, ndipo pali atatu mathithi okongola. Mu kumtunda kwa gombe phompho, olimbika, ndi amphamvu, ndi mathithi m'madera ndi interspersed ndi mabowo. Pansi pa gombe Rynda modekha ndi otsika. Monga mathithi ndi mathithi kupereka mwayi wokwanira "ryndat". mtsinje uwu wotchuka nsomba ake, izo zifika ndi lalikulu Atlantic nsomba ndi nyanja mumapezeka nsomba, zofiirira mumapezeka nsomba zokhala ndi Arctic gale-. Pa malire chapamwamba cha ziwembu zambiri burbot, Pike ndi nsomba.

Mu Primorye, chisumbu cha Russian, mbali ya malire mzinda wa Vladivostok, ndi Rynda Bay, zithunzi zomwe mungathe onani pansipa. Zimatanthauza nyanja ya Japan ndipo ili mu dera la kumadzulo kwa chilumbachi, pakati pa kumalo a Voivod ndi Babkin. Kutalika kwa miyala ndi phompho mwanyanja Rynda Bay - pafupifupi 5 makilomita motsatira izo ndi magombe, akhala otchuka ndi anthu am'deralo lapansi. Apa icho chiri: mooring mabwato, maofesi alendo, komanso analipira gombe ndi dzina chidwi "Tchutchi Rybakov." Feedback kwa mafani nsomba n'kumene yabwino kuluma fulonda.