Chitaliyana Ufumu mbiri. Kodi madera unachitikira Italy?

mayiko a ku Ulaya pambuyo Wamkulu akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale Geographical adafuna Kumvetsela dziko ndi kuwasandutsa ankawalamulira. Italy kalekale ndi zikukhudza, pambuyo pophatikizana kukhalabe chifanizo cha mphamvu wamkulu anayesera kupitiriza. Chitaliyana Ufumu ngakhale anali laling'ono kwambiri m'dera kuposa English, koma mphatso za chitukuko cha mzinda wa.

Pambuyo kugwirizana kwa Italy

Full kugwirizana kwa Italy inatha mu 1870. Koma boma limodzi izo analengeza obscheitalyanskim yamalamulo zaka 10 m'mbuyomo. Mu 1860, padziko ufumu Sardinian ogwirizana Lombardy, Modena, Romagna, Tuscany ndi Parma. Limati awa, plebiscites inachitika, ndipo anthu anakuvoterani wogwirizana ndi Sardinia. Pambuyo pa kubwera kwa Giuseppe Garibaldi kuti Sicily kwa kuphatikiza a limati Italy limodzi ndi Ufumu wa Sicilies awiri. Mfumu ya Ufumu wa Italy mu March 1861 anakhala Victor Emmanuel II.

Kumalizidwa chomaliza cha kugwirizana kwa Italy amagwirizana ndi ndawala Garibaldi kwa Rome. Pamene papa States anakhala linga lolimba zotani, papa anakaniza kujowina Rome ku United Kingdom ndi kutembenuka ake ku likulu la boma. Wina mpukutu wa dziko Italy, otsala kunja ukwati - Venice. Mu September 1870, asilikali a Ufumu wa Italy analowa Rome. Mu July chaka chotsatira, Victor Emmanuel II ankalengeza wosatha likulu la Italy linagwirizananso kwathunthu.

Kulimbana madera

Boma achinyamata pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo nawo nkhondo malo pansi pano. Yakhala nkhondo ya njuchi. Italy anafunika kulimbitsa malo ake mu dera lonse.

ntchito atsamunda a dziko salembedwa lagawidwa masiteji atatu.

– от начала 80-х годов XIX века до 20-х годов XX века. Gawo loyamba - kuyambira chiyambi cha 80s wa m'ma XIX 20-ntchentche wa XX atumwi. Monga anapanga centralized boma kukula. Chigamulo mabwalo wa Ufumu kulanda anthu madera anaona muzu wa njira mavuto ambiri: zofuna za chuma cha dziko, kukwaniritsa kutchuka mwa maiko a ku Ulaya, kuchepetsa mavuto chikhalidwe mu dziko. "Mediterranean adzadziwire" chiphiphiritso walandiridwa monga maziko kukhazikitsa ntchito chikhalidwe cha Italy mu ankawalamulira. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti atsamunda Italy ennoble Africa, ndipo adzakhala onyamula abwino wamba.

– 1922-1943 годы (режим власти Бенито Муссолини). Gawo lachiwiri - zaka 1922-1943 (mphamvu ulamuliro wa Benito Mussolini). Pa premiership wake imayendetsa atsamunda mokwiya Italy. Atilanda gawo amakhala maziko malingaliro ulamuliro wa Nazi, kuyenera ntchito ambiri othandiza.

– 1943-1960 годы. Mbali yachitatu - zaka 1943-1960. Boma akuyesera kupeza anataya njuchi la Italy. M'zaka za m'ma 19 anali chitsimikizo cha kuvomereza dziko monga mnzake wofanana European Community. Tsopano inasanduka lingaliro zofunika kwambiri pa zokhudzana ndi kuzindikira lonse. Koma anthu akapolo kuzifuna ufulu wodzilamulira. M'chaka cha 1960, ndondomeko decolonization inatha.

kupambana aukali Italy mu gawo loyamba

Mu gawo loyamba la Italy anafuna kuti agonjetse Tunisia. Pali kale ankakhala m'dera Italian. Koma Tunisia anagonjetsa mu 1881 ndi France. Ndiye Italy anapita kum'mawa kwa Africa. Yolanda madoko awiri ofunika - Assab ndi Massana, Rome ogwirizana mu malo ulamuliro waukulu. Njuchi loyamba la Italy - Eritrea - unakhazikitsidwa mu 1890 (a analanda dziko ikuchitika 1885). m'magawo nkhani inasanduka malo achitetezo a Kukwezeleza Italy mu Abyssinia. Mu 1889, wolamulira wake Menelik II anazindikira mphamvu ya Italy.

1889 anabweretsa increment wina Kupititsa - Benazir. Colonizers anayamba malowedwe mu Somalia. Mu 1908, m'zigawo zitatu (Obbiya, Midzhurtini ndi Benadir) njuchi a Somalia unakhazikitsidwa. Mu 1925 izo panaoneka Jubaland.

Mu 1911-1912, anathetsa Italo-Turkey nkhondo. Kuti Rome anachoka m'dziko Tripolitania ndi Kerenaiki ndi zilumba Dodecanese. Mu 1934, woyamba zigawo ziwiri anapanga Libya. Dodekanessy, litadzala ndi Ahelene, mpaka 1919 anakhalabe gawo kutsutsana pakati Greece ndi Italy. Malinga ndi Pangano la Sevres, iwo wasiya Rome (chilumba Italy zinadziwika). dziko Rapallo mu 1922 pamalo Italy South Tyrol ndi Istria.

Activities wa Mussolini mu gawo lachiwiri

Kutsegula wa mokwiya Mussolini akubwera pamwamba 30s. Mu 1934, iye akukonzekera kulanda anthu Abyssinia. Kulungamitsa kuwukira ake kulimbana anasunga ukapolo mu dziko, Italy zimapangitsa Ethiopia njuchi mu 1935. Chitaliyana mfumu chiyembekezo chakuti ukapolo analengeza malamulo awiri (mu October 1935 ndipo April 1936). Abyssinians analandira chipulumutso kwa zaka za ukapolo.

Mu 1936 boma Italy amalenga latsopano boma njuchi - iwo kukhala Italy Africa East monga gawo la Eritrea, Somalia ndi Ethiopia. njuchi African la Italy adalowa boma limodzi.

Mu 1939, maso a ku Italy anatumizidwa ku Albania European. A dziko laling'ono sakupirira gulu lankhondo la Italy ndi umamumvera Rome.

Azingokhala Italy atsamunda Ufumu mu gawo lachitatu

Kugonjetsedwa mu World nkhondo II lopondereza bloc, amene anali Italy, zinachititsa kuwonongedwa kwa Atsamunda wa Rome. Mu 1943 Mussolini unagonjetsedwa ku malo ake monga mtsogoleri weniweni wa dziko. Chitaliyana Ufumu kuyima pa njira ya kulimbana atsamundawo. zilumba Dodecanese anatitumiza ku Greece mu chaka cha 1947. Ethiopia lakwaniritsa ufulu ndi linalanda Eritrea. Oopa kulimbikitsa chikomyunizimu ku Italy, ndi Anglo-American asilikali anavomera kuchoka pansi pa ulamuliro wa Rome Chisomali. Mu 1951, Libya anapatsidwa ufulu wodzilamulira. Mu 1960, nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Italy Somalia watha ntchito, ndi dziko analandira ulamuliro analonjeza. Chitaliyana Atsamunda wasoŵa pa mapu ndale za dzikoli, Italy anataya udindo wake ngati mtsogoleri wa Mediterranean.

List madera mayiko Italy

Mu kugonjera atsamunda a ku Italy mu maiko Africa, gawo Europe ndi Asia. M'mayiko European anagonjetsa boma la Mussolini ndipo anazindikira ulamuliro wa dziko monga Italy. M'midzi zakale Europe - ndi Ionian Islands ndi Dodecanese, Dalmatia ndi Corfu ndi Albania. Mu Asia, Italy anali litalanda Tianjin Province, tsopano gawo la China.

Yaitali ayenera lembani zimene atsamunda Italy unachitikira mu Africa. boma la Italy anagwira m'chigawo kugwirizanitsa ndi kulenga lalikulu boma kucheza. Chitaliyana Africa North mu 1934, anakhala kutchedwa Libya. Amaphatikiza Tripolitania, Fezzan, ndi Cyrenaica. Chitaliyana Africa East inkakhala Ethiopia (Abyssinia amatchedwa 1936 izo), Eritrea ndi Somalia.