El Agiriki. Zithunzi: History ndi kufotokozera

Mmodzi wa ambuye ochepa wakale, lero chotchuka kwambiri - ndi El Agiriki. zojambula wake inkanyadira za malo mwa ntchito za amisiri wotchuka. Katswiri ndi El Agiriki amalemekezedwa ambiri a m'nthawi yake, ndipo atamwalira maestro anaonekera otsatira ambiri amene ayamba njira luso zojambulajambula.

Krete, kapena chilengedwe cha zojambula achipembedzo

El Agiriki anabadwa mu Krete. chidutswa a wachuma Mediterranean Venice "ufumu." Olamulira a mphamvu anali mantha ndi akapolo a m'deralo. Iwo anali ndi chidwi mu Greek Orthodox. Byzantine amisiri chizindikiro cha Krete analola kukhazikitsa zojambula achipembedzo mu chikhalidwe kalembedwe Byzantine.

Pa zaka twente-faifi a El Agiriki anayamba kukhazikitsidwa kwa mafano guwa. amisiri Cretan anabwereka kalembedwe mabwana Italy. Choncho panali wosanganiza Agiriki ndi Venetian kalembedwe, monga taonera mu ntchito yoyamba ya El Agiriki. Chizindikiro ichi chawonongeka mu mpingo pachilumba cha Syros. Ndi chithunzi cha imfa mwa Namwali Mariya. Koma Krete ndinali wamng'ono, ndi zokhumba za wojambula zinali zopambana. El Agiriki ndi zojambula zomwe, mu maganizo ake, sangathe kukhala otchuka kwawo, anaganiza kuti achoke pa chisumbu.

Nyengo ya moyo komanso aluso mu Venice

Anasamukira ku Venice mu 1567 ndipo anayamba chitukuko cha zinthu za Kubadwa Kwatsopano kupenta. Mwa ntchito zake zabwino nthawi imeneyi - "Khristu kuchiritsa akhungu." Mutu umenewu unali wotchuka kwambiri makamaka pa kauntala-Reformation, chifukwa kuchiritsa khungu ndi chizindikiro cha chikhulupiriro choona mwa vumbulutso. Mpingo wa Katolika anayesa adzapezanso mphamvu zake zakale, kupanga gulu lotchedwa Reformation. Ndipo El Agiriki, monga munthu wachipembedzo, wakhala mmodzi wa ojambula zithunzi otchuka kuti kukonzekera.

Popeza anakhala ku Venice kwa zaka zitatu, mbuye anapita kum'mwera - pakati pa Katolika ndi Agiriki chikhalidwe (Rome) komwe anakagwira ntchito kwa 1570 kwa zaka 1576. Iye anafika ndi kalata lovomereza ku Croatia miniaturist Dzhulio Klovio kuti wotetezedwa iye chipinda kukhala ndi ntchito m'nyumba ya Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, amene anali woyang'anira olemera ndi otchuka mu zonse Rome.

Atalephera ntchito ku Roma, kapena Kutsutsa Michelangelo

Kumene, mumzindawu wachititsa chidwi chachikulu pa El Agiriki. Zojambulazo, analemba nthawi imeneyi - zithunzi dongosolo, ang'ono chikulimbikitsa zojambula ndi ziboliboli sadalengedwa chifukwa makasitomala ambiri achikulire. Nayenso anangomwetulira mwayi ndipo amatha kupeza ndalama. Koma wina mwa zifukwa El Agiriki sizinawakhudze kutchuka ku Rome ndipo anapeza ogula zofunika - ndi kutsutsa kwa Michelangelo, amene anali munthu wolemekezeka tawuni ino.

Mu 1576, El Agiriki kachiwiri anayamba pa ulendo. Iye zokakhala ku Spain, ndi kukhala mu utumiki wa Mfumu Philip II. Mpingo ndi nyumba yachifumu ya dziko zaluso. mzinda umene anakakhala El Agiriki - Toledo. Ndiko kumene iye mpaka imfa yake.

mzinda, amene wakhala chitetezo chatha wa mmisiri

Pamene chithunzicho anafika ku Spain, iye sate-sikisi. Toledo anali likulu la chikhalidwe chawo cha dziko, ndi El Agiriki posachedwa womasuka. Iwo anali pa nthawi ino mzinda kwathunthu adzamangidwenso. Wakulitsidwa misewu, nyumba yatsopano zinamangidwa, zofunika kwambiri umene unali Cathedral. Ndipo dongosolo loyamba wojambula analandira pano. Ndi chinsalu epic "kuchotsa zovala ndi Khristu." Izi ndi mwaluso loyamba la El Agiriki.

Zithunzi ake potsiriza kukhala wotchuka. Komanso, wojambula ikulowa kalembedwe wake. Images osati Nkhani komanso amphamvu. El Agiriki amasankha mitundu omveka. Iye anali mwayi, ndipo anali yoyamba kasitomala, kenako ntchito yake chidwi mfumu.

Ntchito zolembedwa ndi Filipo kuti

Kodi Philip analembera El Agiriki ndi zojambula? Kufotokozera za njira zina kulenga kulengeza kuti chithunzicho anapatsidwa kulenga chithunzi cha guwa lansembe lotchedwa "The Martyrdom of St. Maurice." Pansi pa M'chithunzithunzi munakwanisa kuona ambiri a Mauritius, atavala mu buluu zida ndi kukambirana nawo asilikali mwayi nkhondo. Koma chikuyembekezeka ndi tsoka osiyana.

Kumanzere kwa chinsalu wowerenga kachiwiri amaona mbali yaikulu kuyang'ana pa zomwe zikuchitika, ndiye ndi chimodzimodzi, koma maliseche, wopindidwa mwa pemphero, ndipo potsiriza mutu. Nthawi yomweyo noticeable amphamvu chinamuthandiza ndi ambuye Venetian El Agiriki. Koma Philip II sanatenge chithunzi ichi mu chifanizo lingaliro kwa guwa, koma m'gulu mu deta m'maganizo.

Zilandiridwenso El Agiriki, kapena Pictures kwa matchalitchi ang'ono

Pa zaka makumi awiri, chithunzicho chinali achitadi kulemba ukonde kuti mipingo ing'onoing'ono ndi matchalitchi. Koma dziwani kuti mabuku onse zojambula ndi El Agiriki, ndi mayina bwino kuti luso anthu okonda? Ndi mu nyengo iyi, ndipo analengedwa ndi ntchito otchuka zojambula za - "The Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz". Zinali njonda amene anakhalako chinayi. Pa maliro ake, chozizwitsa chinachitika: St. Stephen ndi Augustine wotsikayo kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo iye anaponyamo atafa mu bokosi. Ndipo ife tatchulawa mwaluso amaonetsera nkhaniyo.

Ife mwachidule kuwunikira yonena za luso El Agiriki. zojambula wake nthawi zonse wofuna kwambiri nazo. Nzosadabwitsa ntchito yake, anapeza m'zaka za chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, motsogoleredwa ndi ojambula zithunzi za nthawi. Ndipo lero munthu uyu chimodzi cha amisiri akuluakulu lonse lapansi.