Gregory Kotovsky: yonena, zithunzi

Nthawi ya zisinthe ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni spawned otchuka ambiri Soviet. Mmodzi wa iwo anali Gregory Kotovsky. The yonena za munthu uyu ali odzaza ankasinthana lakuthwa: uyu adali chigawenga, asilikali ndi chosintha.

ubwana

June 24, 1881 kakang'ono Moldova m'mudzi Kotovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich atabadwa dzina Gancheshty. Mwachidule yonena za chosintha sangachite popanda kutchula chiyambi chake. Ngakhale Kotovsky anabadwa m'mudzi Moldova, iye anali Russian (bambo wake anali Russified Pole, ndi mayi wake - nee Russian). The mwana anataya makolo ake oyambirira, ndipo pa zaka 16 anakhala amasiye.

mwanayo anatengedwera ku maphunziro a godfather wake. munthu uyu anali wolemera, ndi amphamvu. Iye anathandiza Kotovsky kukaphunzira, kutumiza kuphunzira ku koleji Kokorozenskoe ndi Katswiriyu. Guardian komanso kulipira ndalama zonse zamoyo ndi maphunziro.

Mu dziko chigawenga

Mu XIX mochedwa - oyambirira XX atumwi. Russian chosintha kayendedwe anakumana kuwuka kwake lotsatira. Ine mwina koma kugona ndi Grigory Kotovsky mu izo. Wambiri ya yanthaŵi mnyamata mokwanira ndi misonkhano ndipo mogwirizana ndi boma ndi anthu. Ndi iwo amene anaika kukonda ulendo Kotovsky. Mwa boma mnyamata anaganiza kuti ndisiye humdrum wa moyo.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye sanali wotentheka, ndi zokomera. M'malo kukhala monga munthu wanzeru kwambiri, osati wolemedwa ndi mfundo anafotokoza. Nditamaliza maphunziro Kotovskij kanthawi ntchito monga woyeza m'maiko Moldova ndi Chiyukireniya. Komabe, oyamba kulikonse sanali yochulukirapo yaitali. maloto ake simunandikhudze maganizo a pantchito yabwino.

Popeza 1900, chifukwa cha zolakwa zazing'ono chigawenga nthawi zonse anamangidwa Gregory Kotovsky. The yonena za munthu uyu anayamba padziko lonse lapansi kuyan'anila za Russia. Pamene Chirasha Japanese nkhondo, Kotovsky zaka ndi ukupeza anali kupita kutsogolo. Koma poyamba, anali kubisalira usilikali yolembetsera ofesi, ndipo pamene iye potsiriza analandidwa ndipo anatumizidwa ku Kostroma oyenda Regiment bwino anasiya kumeneko.

The wakuba wotchuka

Choncho anayamba moyo wakuba Kotovsky. Iye ankasonkhanitsa chomuzungulira iye gulu weniweni, ndipo kwa zaka zingapo ankachita nawo wakubayu. Monga pa nthawi iyi ya ulimi poyamba inali mkati mwa dziko. Chisokonezo ndi kufooka kwa mphamvu ya boma anali n'kothandiza zigawenga, amene anali Kotovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich. Mwachidule yonena za wolakwayo anali nkhani zonse za kumangidwa ndi magulu ku Siberia. Nthawi iliyonse anathawa kundende ndipo anabwerera ku Odessa ndi ozungulira m'chigawo ake.

yonena koteroko Kotovskogo Grigoriya Ivanovicha zodabwitsa. Ngakhale kuti zigawenga ndi boma kumam'nyoza ndi tsarist boma ndipo amatchedwa kuti "wakupha", ndiye ndondomeko ndende za ufumuwo anali woganizira kwambiri. Ukapolo ndi akaidi mosavuta anapulumuka m'ndende. Ambiri monga Kotovsky, anamangidwa kambirimbiri, ndipo adakali m'ndende asanakalambe.

Last kumangidwa Kotovskogo mu Tsarist Russia chinachitika mu 1916. Chifukwa cha kuba ndi mabomba ndi mfuti pa gombe, iye kuti aphedwe. Wambiri Kotovskogo Grigoriya Ivanovicha limasonyeza owerenga chitsanzo cha munthu, nthawi iliyonse mwakachetechete amapita youma ndi madzi. Koma tsopano moyo wake unali pa muyezo. Raider anayamba kulemba makalata kulapa kupolisi.

Pa ndzidzi onowu kale First World nkhondo. Pa malo kumangidwa Kotovskogo adzaweruzidwa Odessa kuweruza. Malinga ndi malamulo a asilikali, izo angamvere lamulo pafupi kutsogolo odziwika ambiri Brussilov. Iwo Alexey anali kusaina aphedwe.

Kotovsky sanali kanthu amadziwika mphamvu yake kutuluka zokhumudwitsa. Iye akugwiritsa ntchito zilembo akulira Brusylov anakopa mkazi wake amaumiriza mwamuna wake. General, kumvetsera kwa mkazi wake, pa nthawi inaimitsidwa chiweruzo.

kutsogolo,

Padakali pano, kale mu 1917, ndipo pamodzi nacho zisinthe wa February. Boma wogwirizira anatenga kwa misa Amnesty "akuvutika chifukwa cha ulamuliro" wa chi achifumu. Yomasulira Kotovskogo ngakhale abusa ena, kuphatikizapo Guchkov. Pamene Nduna Kerensky anadzionera okha zinasaina lamulo pa Amnesty wa wakuba wotchuka, anali atakonza kale masiku ochepa ankagona mu Odessa.

Mzinda uwu unali pafupi kutsogolo. Potsirizira pake, atatha zaka kothaŵa maofesi usilikali, linalinso Grigory Kotovsky. Wambiri mwa poyamba anali chigawenga kudzadza gunfights zonse - nthawi imeneyi ndi Germany ndi Austrians. Pakuti mtima pa Kotovsky kutsogolo iye analimbikitsa kuti chizindikiro ndipo analandira George Cross. Pankhondo, iye anayandikira Socialist-boma nakhala Asilikali 'akuluakulu.

Pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Koma posakhalitsa anakhala asilikali Grigory Kotovsky. Mwachidule yonena za munthu m'nthawi ya Soviet Union maina ambiri odziwika bwino monga chitsanzo cha kulimba mtima chosintha. Pamene mu October 1917 mu Petrograd Bolshevik kulanda boma, chizindikiro chinali pakati pa nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Kotovsky anali SR, koma iwo poyamba ankaona anzawo a boma latsopanolo.

Choyamba, YAKE Poyamba anali wakuba atamenya wagawo ndi, amene anali ndi mabwalo Odessa Soviet. Izi "boma" analipo kwa miyezi ingapo, mwamsanga anagwidwa ndi asilikali Romania. Kotovsky mwachidule anathawira ku Russia, koma patapita chaka, anabwereranso ku Odessa. nthawi imeneyi anali pano mozemba, kuyambira mzinda wadutsa mu manja a boma Chiyukireniya, osagwirizana boma la Soviet mu Moscow.

Kenako anali kupita Kotovsky apakavalo gulu. Iye akuchita nkhondo ndi makamu a Denikin ndi Yudenich mu kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto. Pa chomaliza siteji ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni, ndi Poyamba anali wakuba kuletsedwa wamba kugalukira ndi Chiyukireniya kale m'deralo, ndi anali kwathunthu ndi boma la Soviet.

imfa

M'zaka za utumiki ndi atsogoleri ambiri apamwamba Bolshevik anakumana Kotovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich. Photo chosintha zambiri kugwera mu nyuzipepala chikominisi. Ngakhale misty zapitazi, iye anakhala wopambana. Mikhail Frunze (Commissar Anthu Yoona za usilikali) anapempha kuti iye wachiwiri wake.

Komabe, pa nthawi imeneyo Kotovsky moyo posachedwapa. Iye anawomberedwa pa holide pa Black Sea gombe August 6, 1925. Wakuphanso anali membala wa kumidima wa Odessa Meyer Zayder.

Pamaliro anapezeka Kotovskogo ngwazi ya Civil nkhondo ndi adzasonkhanitsa tsogolo la Soviet Union Budyonny ndi Yegorov. Anasokonezeka nakhala m'mafanizidwe a mausoleum la Lenin (mtsogoleri wa proletariat dziko anamwalira chaka pamaso). Kotovsky anatchuka kwambiri khalidwe la folklore. Mu Soviet Union, dzina lake kawirikawiri unkatchedwa misewu, midzi, etc. D.