Insemination ng'ombe: njira ndi malangizo. Amapanga insemination ng'ombe: Technology

Masiku ano, pafupifupi m'mayiko onse, mwanjira ina amadalira ulimi yake, wawatenga anatengera tima chitukuko ya masika. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Izi zikusonyeza kuti Ngopambana munda akuyesa kusintha ntchitoyo mabizinesi awo, popanda kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha njira ya ulimi. Izi ndi zoona makamaka mu ulimi nyama.

Mu masiku ulimi nyama nyama zosaloleka wosabereka. Aliyense ng'ombeyo chaka kupereka ng'ombe chimodzi. Kumene, gawo la mikango mu makonzedwe a vutoli masewero kudya ndi ntchito Chowona Zanyama, komanso woyenera insemination ng'ombe n'chofunika kwambiri.

Zinthu masiku asiye

Ngakhale zaka zana zapitazo, njira yokha ng'ombe anali Kumuyika zachilengedwe ndi ng'ombe ng'ombe. Oddly okwanira, koma ubwamuna m'thupi mwake ng'ombe analipo ngakhale ndiye, ndizo basi dzuwa wake unali mochititsa chisoni otsika. Pali umboni kuti ngakhale woyamba chitukuko ziŵeto ayesa thonje zofewa, anapanga ulusi mbewu.

Nyama zimenezi anaiika nyini ndipo pambuyo mating zachilengedwe cholizira. Choncho anayesera woyamba insemination munthawi yomweyo nyama angapo. Koma ng'ombe pambuyo insemination ndi kawirikawiri pakati. Monga ulamuliro, bwino chinathandiza abusa akale zosakwana 40% ya milandu.

Vuto linali lakuti umuna (ngati njira woipitsitsawu kupeza iwo) Nthawi zambiri opunduka ndi unviable, choncho insemination bwino ng'ombe kunapezeka, osati nthawi zonse.

N'zosadabwitsa ng'ombe anali aliyense munda rundown. Ndipo zinatha (mu dziko lathu, osachepera) mpaka 70-80-ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, ndi m'madera ena ng'ombe ng'ombe insemination ntchito lero. Koma kutero ndi koletsedwa.

ndi chifukwa kuti insemination ng'ombe anali yekha "anthu" ntchito iti? Ndi yosavuta. Khansa ndi matenda ena a ziweto. Kuonetsetsa yimitsira la kufalitsa kugonana ndi zotheka ngati wina Mlingo umuna adzakhala kuwapeza nyama kuyesedwa.

Zida ntchito insemination, consumables

Choncho, kuloŵetsedwa m'thupi ng'ombe yokumba njira (mmodzi wa atatu), tifunika kwambiri zipangizo ndi zida. Osavuta kutchulidwa mu mndandanda ananyamuka pansipa:

• Imodzi-defroster.
• The Dewar chotengera, zomwe zimasunga umuna mazira kwa ubwamuna m'thupi mwake ng'ombe.
• The syringe-catheter.
• Kuwala oonera tinthu ting'onoting'ono.
• Magolovesi.
• Ofanana ukazi.
• Chounikira.
• Chida thumba, ndi thandizo limene ubwamuna m'thupi mwake ng'ombe. Buku (nduna) kwa osemenatora Technician.

Komanso, muyenera opondapo kotunga reagents ntchito decontamination chilengedwe ndi chiyesedwe cha umoyo umuna.

mfundo zikuluzikulu dongosolo mfundo za ubwamuna m'thupi mwake

Aliyense mbiri yabwino item EUT tidzakwatulidwa wapangidwa ndi zotsatirazi:

• Lowetsani khonde ndi mphasa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Lalikulu m'bwalomo.
• Mtima wa katunduyo aliyense ndi zasayansi okonzeka.
• Kusamba.
• Yosungirako chipinda.
• Makina insemination, koma ali mu AI mfundo zomwe zili mu minda kuswana. Nthawi zina, woyendetsa akugwira ntchito "m'munda".

Onani kuti m'bwalomo ayenera kukhala nyali mokwanira amphamvu kuonetsetsa chitonthozo yake kuntchito. Ngati pali makina, iwo anapangidwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi zimene cholinga ndi mfundo boma, chifukwa lanu chipangizo ayenera kukhala odalirika, koma pa nthawi yomweyo osati mantha kapena kuvulaza nyama ali m'bukuli.

Kwenikweni amafuna zidebe angapo (makamaka zitsulo, iwo savuta samatenthetsa) m'bwalomo kukhala beseni, ndi chidebe yopangira masaka zothetsera, komanso wotsukira makapu. Chipinda katswiri osemenatora anapanga chipinda osiyana ndi mpweya mpweya watsopano, kumene udzasugidwa Dewar ndi umuna mazira.

Laboratories Location ndi kusamba chipinda

Ingokhalani otsimikiza kuti zasayansi ili mu zipinda mwachilungamo yowala komanso lalikulu, khomo lomwe payenera kukhala yekha kusamba. Pakuyenera kukhala maso kuti aone magawo umuna, makabati kwa yosungirako zipangizo ndi reagents, komanso firiji.

Kusamba lili kutsogolo kwa m'bwalomo. Monga dzina lake likunenera, anayikidwa limalephera ndi zipangizo zida kutsuka zida ndi zipangizo ntchito popanga mankhwala. Komanso m'dera angathandize osiyana makina ochapira kusamba mathawulo, zovala pamwamba amaphunzitsidwa. Pomwepo ndi matebulo zina ndi makabati kwa yosungirako zida, hotplate kwa otentha madzi ndi kuphika njira. malo onse ayenera kukhala lalikulu, lowala, woyera ndi youma.

Njira yaikulu ya insemination

Panopa, yokumba insemination ng'ombe ndi njira zitatu:

• Rektotservikalny.
• Vizotservikalny.
• Manotservikalny.

Rektotservikalnoe insemination

The njira yofala imene ubwamuna m'thupi mwake ng'ombe. Ndi chiyani icho? Dzinali ndi zigawo ziwiri, rectum - ndi rectum. Chiberekero - pa khomo pachibelekeropo. Kunena mwachidule, chiberekero mu njira insemination vuto rectally. Kodi amadzipweteka insemination?

The woyendetsa, chisanadze mlandu syringe kuyesedwa kunja ziwalo zoberekera za nyama ndi malo thumbo. Mogwirizana kufufuza thumbo, adzalowe m'matumbo mwachindunji wa nyama. Chifukwa ochepa mwaulesi rotational ndi kukwaniritsa zosangalatsa za thupi, iye anapeza khomo pachibelekeropo, ofanana ndi yamphamvu elongated ribbed ndi vutolo.

Chachiwiri dzanja osemenator akulowa syringe kwa ubwamuna m'thupi mwake wa ng'ombe nyini ndi modekha akukankha izo patsogolo, amaika kunsonga ku khomo pachibelekeropo. Ntchito yaikulu - kuligwirizanitsa kutali zedi, koma sakutaya ndi wosakhwima mucous nembanemba kumalumikiza thupi. Kenako mlingo umuna anadzetsa chiberekero. Dzanja otsala mu rectum, ndi woyendetsa zimapangitsa ambiri kayendedwe kutikita, wogawana amagawa umuna mu M'mimbamo thupi. Pambuyo ntchito akumaliseche mobwerezabwereza yagwa ofooka njira ya permanganate potaziyamu kapena furatsilina.

Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira ya insemination chiyani? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kuipa kwa. Choyamba, woyendetsa ayenera mosamala kwambiri: mpaka pano ndi dzanja wachiwiri ndi mu rectum, ndipo nthawi iliyonse (ngati sitisamala osemenator) mwachindunji syringe ndi kuwuluka chidutswa cha ndowe. Ndipo izi, ngati inu mukhoza kumvetsa, wavala kutha sterility zofunika zida. Onse inu ndi kuyamba onse kachiwiri. Kodi china chalakwika ndi njira imeneyi ya ubwamuna m'thupi mwake wa ng'ombe?

Chachiwiri, akatswiri achinyamata ndi wosadziwa sangathe nthawi zonse kupeza chiberekero, ndi fixation ake, zonse zimakhala zoipa kwambiri. Chifukwa, ndi syringe ndi anaikapo mu nkhani yabwino ¼ ya kutalika kwake, lomwe basi amachepetsa njira mogwira insemination ndi mfundo unacceptably otsika. Komanso, chifukwa fixation osauka ndi kulephera kuthandiza pipette, ndi zina zimachitika kuti woyendetsa opweteka mucosa khomo lachiberekero.

Ndipo tsopano za nyota lapansi. Oddly zokwanira, koma rektotservikalnoe insemination wa ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe - njira kwambiri ukhondo. Ngati inu mukuganiza chiyani za izo, palibe chachilendo mu izi. Weruzani nokha: pa ng'ombe nyini jekeseni chabe pipette woonda. Komabe, phindu ndi wosachita aliyense wa microflora lapansi.

Mwa njira! Ngati ng'ombe kumasula pambuyo insemination, n'zomveka kuyang'ana bwino ngati chinsinsi matope ndi wonyansa inclusions chikasu, izo pafupifupi ndithu akulankhula za matenda.

Chifukwa fixation wa khomo lachiberekero ntchito odziwa kwathunthu dosed mbewu mu uterine M'mimbamo, umene Mwina ukuwonjezeka zipatso insemination kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito imeneyi, palibe aliyense zida "chipangizo": yekha gulovu ndi pipette ndi chisanadze mwawathila mlingo umuna. Choncho palibe zodabwitsa mu choona kuti rektotservikalnoe insemination panopa talandira ambiri ambiri m'mayiko onse kumene chinkhoswe mkaka ndi ng'ombe ng'ombe. njira zina ziti zomwe zilipo insemination wa ng'ombe?

Vizotservikalny njira

Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, dzina ndizo mawu awiri. Za tanthauzo la mawu khomo pachibelekeropo mukudziwa kale, ndi muzu "Visio" amatanthauza "onani, muzindikire." Ndiko njira insemination woyendetsa amaona yomweyo khomo pachibelekeropo. Kodi izi ndi zotheka? The chinthu, mmene ikuchitika ubwamuna m'thupi mwake ng'ombe mu nkhani iyi.

Chief pakati pawo - ndi speculum ukazi. Chida ichi ndi ofanana ndi mtundu wa mbano, zibwano zawo zokha pamene mbamuikha mogwirizana mbali ziwiri. Pankhaniyi, khoma ukazi lidakali pambali ndipo amaona osemenator khomo pachibelekeropo. Choncho, pambuyo umayamba ndi syringe ndi mlingo wa mbewu umuna ndi extruded kuti patsekeke lamkati la limba.

ndi mphamvu komanso zofooka za njira imeneyi? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi ubwino. Choyamba, pamene njira insemination vizotservikalnom woyendetsa akuona chiberekero ndi mungaonere kulondola kumuwonetsa pipette zowoneka. Izi ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito achinyamata amene alibe zinachitikira yoyenera.

Komanso, ndi wofunika kwambiri, mukhoza amayang'anitsitsa chikhalidwe cha ziwalo zoberekera za nyama. kosavuta kwambiri kuona zizindikiro za matenda pamaso izo kwenikweni kuonekera. Mwa njira, ngati wopereka insemination wa ng'ombe pambuyo calving (miyezi awiri kapena atatu), kwenikweni chinyama anayesedwa pamaso pa endometritis (kuphatikizapo chobisika).

Mwatsoka, zoyipa Komanso kusowa. Mosiyana ndi njira yapita, amene anayambitsa mu nyini monga "ang'ono-kakulidwe" pipette, imeneyi mu kumaliseche woyendetsa amakakamizidwa kulowa dzanja. Pamaso imene imafuna kusamala kwambiri kusamba kuchotsa akumaliseche, ndipo komabe sizitanthauza kuteteza sterility sapereka aliyense. Komanso, pamene insemination m'njira nyama ndi mwayi ndithu kuwonongeka kwa nembanemba mucous ya nyini (ngati woyendetsa m'manja yaikulu).

deficiencies ena

Pomaliza, sizingatheke kuti bwino kukonza pa khomo pachibelekeropo pamene njira insemination. Chifukwa cha ichi, katswiri osadziwa mu nkhani iyi, mwayi wa insemination bwino ang'ono kwambiri.

Pomaliza, sangathe ndicho kufunika kwa yolera yotseketsa bwino galasi pamaso insemination lililonse (!) Animal. Sikuti onse osemenatory oyenera kutero, koma chifukwa pali milandu kusamutsa matenda opatsirana (ngati ng'ombe kumasula pambuyo insemination, ndi pafupifupi ndithu odwala endometritis).

Komabe, ngakhale kuti zolakwa zake zonse, njira iyi ndi wabwino pa insemination a ng'ombe. Chakuti amakhala ovuta kwambiri kuloŵetsedwa m'thupi njira rektotservikalnym. Choyamba, mu rectum awo zitha kukwera dzanja wochenjera akatswiri. Chachiwiri, N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ziwalo kugonana nyama. Choncho ukazi speculum ndi syringe zinthu izi - langwiro "duet". Komanso, kusowa enieni fixation khomo lachiberekero mu nkhani iyi si, monga ng'ombe si koma olumala, zofewa, choncho syringe kuti pipette prolazit popanda vuto lapadera. Kodi zina njira insemination wa ng'ombe?

Manotservikalny njira

Choncho, kodi "chiberekero" mukudziwa kale. A "Manus" - manja. Kotero kuti ndondomeko ndi ofanana kwambiri amene m'mbuyomu, ndi chapadera - ukazi speculum njira imeneyi si ntchito. Monga awiri milandu yapita, musanayambe kugwira ntchito zofunika bwinobwino muzimutsuka akumaliseche njira furatsilina kapena potaziyamu permanganate, ndipo anagwira dzanja syringe ndi mlingo wa umuna, kuti atchule mu nyini. The woyendetsa anapeza khomo pachibelekeropo, amaika kuti syringe ndi amakankhira nkhani zake kuti patsekeke thupi.

Mfundo njira ya insemination ng'ombe ndi njira iyi analogous kwathunthu vizotservikalnomu njira. Koma pali kusiyana yaing'ono kuti si kutenga matenda, zida palibe owonjezera pamene kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kodi kudziwa ng'ombe, kukonzekera insemination?

Kotero ife kumvetsa njira zoyambirira za ubwamuna m'thupi mwake. Komabe, kwa nthawi zonse ndipo osati akhudzidwa ndi funso mmene kudziwa ng'ombe ndi kale kukonzekera ndondomeko insemination ...

Kwenikweni, zimapangitsa izo wokongola mosavuta. Ngati ndi kusisita nyama mu sacrum ndi mafupa a chiuno, ndiyeno izo zinali kuima, kupanga sadayeserepo adzakukankhira iwe. The labia akunja kukhala penapake kutupa kwa iwo akhoza kupita pang'ono amatope bwino kapena pang'ono blackish. Seeding ayenera kukhala ng'ombe, atadikirira maola awiri pambuyo chiyambi cha kusaka. Pambuyo ndondomeko ola 10 tikulimbikitsidwa kubwereza. Kumbukirani kuti kusaka imatenga maola pafupifupi 20 zokha, choncho ulendo wotsatira lidzakhala lilipo kokha kupyolera masiku 20-21. Nthawi yabwino ya insemination ng'ombe - m'mawa.

amisiri aluso mwina fufuzani kwa chibvomerezo ng'ombe inseminated, zodzikongoletsera akufufuza mpata mazira pa Kupenda thumbo. The "wokhwima" a nyama bwino noticeable wokonzeka follicle kuti ndi za anayamba, potulutsa dzira. Kachiwiri, kuchita phunziro limeneli zitha kukhala aluso kwambiri ndi mosamala Katswiri monga njira osasamalira adzakhala pafupifupi ndithu kuwononga follicle, kupanga zina insemination tanthauzo.

Ndondomeko yokonza insemination nyama

Ngati insemination ndi ikuchitika osati m'bwalomo (monga zambiri choncho), ayenera bwinobwino kutsukidwa isanafike onenepa Kuthi. Kumbukirani kuti kuyeretsa Mulimonsemo simungathe ntchito "mwakhama" disinfectants, kuchepetsa yachibadwa permanganate potaziyamu zofanana. Kumbuyo ng'ombe ndimeyi pamanja kutsukidwa kwa manyowa. The woyendetsa ayenera kupeza khomo pachibelekeropo ndi thupi lake, ndipo kenako kutikita ziwalo izi. Nthawi zina, ngati inu ntchito ng'ombe insemination ng'ombe, nyama pamaso tupping Ayeneranso kutsukidwa!

Kenako, kumbuyo lonse la ng'ombe, kuphatikizapo tuberosity ischial ndi muzu wa mchira, mokoma osambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda sopo, kwathunthu kuchotsa zouma manyowa crusts, secretions ndi zina zotero. D. mukamaliza ndi iyi njira Muzitsuka furatsilina m'dera chithandizo. Pokhapokha njira onsewa akhoza chitani insemination. Choncho ambiri "wosambitsa" m'zinthu muyenera kucheza pofuna kuti palibe zinalembedwa mu ziwalo zoberekera za ng'ombe ndi mulibe matenda. Izo wopereka insemination ng'ombe.

Onani kuti ubwamuna m'thupi mwake nyama zisakuyenda anayamba mofulumira kwambiri. Izi ntchito chifukwa chakuti kupanga ziweto - ndi gawo Zimakhala chuma, ndi umuna sires wapatali amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito dzuwa pazipita.

Amapanga insemination amalola osati kubweretsa Mwina zosayembekezereka wa ng'ombe mpaka 100%, komanso limachititsa kupeza kuchokera ng'ombe ndi ana a ng'ombe ziwiri pa chaka (munthu sabadwa, wachiwiri - m'mimba). Choncho amalowerera kukunda kusabereka ndi kusintha profitability chuma chuma.