Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khungu

khungu anthu ndi chimodzi cha ziwalo waukulu mu thupi, amene ali thunthu yake ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa, ndipo ukutchulidwa 5% ya kulemera munthu. Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khungu ndi yovuta kwambiri. Amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo: a khungu, ndi dermis (khungu) ndi minofu adipose, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali mu dongosolo lake ndi zigawo zingapo.

Choncho khungu ali asanu a iwo:

1. Chachikulu (embryonic) - umabala melanin, chifukwa chimene khungu angathe kukhala mumthunzi osiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo, izo ziri, akuda khungu la munthu. Komanso pali amapezeka kuchuluka kwa maselo.
2. Styloid. Ndondomeko ya maselo apanga wosanjikiza ichi, lymph uyenda, kudyetsa maselo amene kumatha mankhwala kuwonongeka.
3. Grainy - lili eleidin. Pa zidendene ndi makhwatha, iwo ali mizere asanu maselo.
4. Transparent - limapangidwa eleidin ndipo imakhala mizere itatu ya maselo. Iwo anayamba pa zidendene ndi makhwatha, koma palibe milomo.
5. Kunja (nyanga) - lili keratin, amene amathandiza kuti tikhalebe mlingo wa khungu chinyezi, apa maselo mosavuta delaminate. Komanso, wosanjikiza izi mokwanira wandiweyani ndi ndinapirira, chimateteza khungu ku zotsatira makina ndi mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, kuvulala, ozizira, amayaka ndipo ena.

Poganizira kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khungu, osati kutchula dermis kwambiri. Iwo ali zigawo ziwiri:

1. Wosanjikiza papillary - zizindikiro ulusi woonda ndi wosakhwima.
2. Net - lili sebaceous ndi thukuta zopangitsa, ali pamodzi CHIKWANGWANI mitolo ku elasticity timadalira pa katundu wa khungu, monga elasticity.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khungu, monga subcutaneous mafuta.

Adipose minofu ndi sloom zakuya. Amakhala ndi gululi ndi magawo a mafuta minofu, amene amathandiza matenthedwe lamulo lake lonse ndipo amazipatsa izo kutetezedwa kuvulala. Nawa ziwiya lalikulu magazi ndi mitsempha, komanso minofu sebaceous zopangitsa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti akazi, wosanjikiza izi pang'ono chachikulu kuposa anthu. Zochepa kuti chimaoneka pa milomo ndi makutu.

Khungu kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya amene ali ovuta kwambiri, ali ziwiya ziwiri maukonde:

1. Network, yomwe ili m'malire a dermis ndi mafuta.
2. Network lili pakati pa papillary ndi zigawo reticular.

Ku malo a zotengera zimadalira mtundu wa khungu. Kuposa ali chifupi ndi padziko, m'pamenenso kutchulidwa manyazi.

Izo ziyenera kuti kapangidwe ka khungu pa mbali zosiyana za thupi ndi osiyana. Wandiweyani ndi zamwano zili pa zidendene ndi makhwatha, thunthu ndi zotanuka. Khungu kwambiri wosakhwima ndi pankhope. Lakuda chinapangitsa nsalu mu minofu yake striated, kotero iye ndi mafoni.

Nchito ya pakhungu zosiyana kwambiri:

1. Ntchito zoteteza - kuteteza thupi ku zotsatira za zinthu zina, kuphatikizapo makina ndi nyukiliya. Mmodzi wa katundu wa khungu ndi kuteteza ndi tizilombo. ntchitozo kupereka khungu (stratum corneum) ndi adipose minofu.
2. Mayamwidwe Mbali skin- sachedwa kutengera ena mwa mafuta, madzi ndi zinthu mafuta-sungunuka. Mbali imeneyi amapereka wosanjikiza tentha mthupi la khungu.
3. Excretory ntchito - ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi zopangitsa sebaceous ndi thukuta m'manja mwa wamanjenje dongosolo. Kodi zigwire mwa zinthu khungu zimadalira msinkhu ndi zakudya anthu komanso makhalidwe zachilengedwe.
4. Thermoregulation - luso thupi kuti akhalebe ndi zina wosasintha thupi kutentha. Zimenezi ikuchitika pa 80% kudzera pakhungu.
5. Nawo njira kagayidwe kachakudya - pakhungu ndi madzi kuwombola, komanso kuwombola mapulotini, mafuta, chakudya, mavitamini ndi mchere.

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya chikopa, Ndizachidziwikire kuti ndi chiwalo chofunika kwambiri kwa thupi laumunthu nawo chitukuko ndi kugwira ntchito.